OpenCV的图像腐蚀膨胀和开闭操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 20:22:41 发布

瑟寒凌风

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-11 20:22:41 发布

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分类专栏： python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sehanlingfeng/article/details/106821191

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本文使用python实现

图像腐蚀

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np


def erode_demo(image):  # 图像腐蚀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_OTSU) # 图像二值化
    cv.imshow("binary", binary)
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT, (15, 15))    # 定义 kernel
    '''
    def getStructuringElement(shape: Any,       # 椭圆MORPH_ELLIPSE，十字MORPH_CROSS，矩形MORPH_RECT
                          ksize: Any,           # kernel大小
                          anchor: Any = None) -> None
    '''
    dst = cv.erode(binary, kernel)  # 图像腐蚀
    '''
    def erode(src: Any,             # 二值图像
          kernel: Any,              # kernel，用于膨胀操作的结构元素
          dst: Any = None,
          anchor: Any = None,       # 结构元素的锚点位置，默认值value(-1,-1)表示锚点位于结构元素中心
          iterations: Any = None,   #  iterations为迭代运算次数，值越高，模糊程度(腐蚀程度)就越高 呈正相关关系且只能是整数
          borderType: Any = None,   # 推断边缘类型
          borderValue: Any = None) -> None # 边缘值
    '''
    cv.imshow("erode_demo", dst)



print("--------- Python OpenCV Tutorial ---------")
src = cv.imread("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/opencv-python/num.jpg")
cv.namedWindow("input image", cv.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
erode_demo(src)
cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

效果

图像的膨胀

def dilate_demo(image):     # 图像膨胀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_OTSU) # 二值化图像
    cv.imshow("binary", binary)
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT, (10, 10))    # 定义kernel大小
    dst = cv.dilate(binary, kernel)     # 图像膨胀
    '''
    def dilate(src: Any,        # 图像
           kernel: Any,         # kernel
           dst: Any = None,
           anchor: Any = None,
           iterations: Any = None,
           borderType: Any = None,
           borderValue: Any = None) -> None
    '''
    cv.imshow("dilate_demo", dst)

开闭操作

import cv2 as cv
import numpy as np


def open_demo(image):   # 开操作：先腐蚀后膨胀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY_INV | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    cv.imshow("binary", binary)
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_ELLIPSE, (5, 5))   # 定义kernel
    '''
    def getStructuringElement(shape: Any,       # 椭圆MORPH_ELLIPSE，十字MORPH_CROSS，矩形MORPH_RECT
                          ksize: Any,           # kernel大小
                          anchor: Any = None) -> None
    '''
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary, cv.MORPH_OPEN, kernel)
    '''
    def morphologyEx(src: Any,
                 op: Any,           # 指定形态学操作
                 kernel: Any,       # kernel
                 dst: Any = None,
                 anchor: Any = None,
                 iterations: Any = None,
                 borderType: Any = None,
                 borderValue: Any = None) -> None
    '''
    cv.imshow("open-result", binary)


def close_demo(image):  # 闭操作：先膨胀后腐蚀
    print(image.shape)
    gray = cv.cvtColor(image, cv.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    ret, binary = cv.threshold(gray, 0, 255, cv.THRESH_BINARY | cv.THRESH_OTSU)
    cv.imshow("binary", binary)
    kernel = cv.getStructuringElement(cv.MORPH_RECT, (30, 30))
    binary = cv.morphologyEx(binary, cv.MORPH_CLOSE, kernel)
    cv.imshow("close_demo", binary)


src = cv.imread("C:/Users/admin/Desktop/opencv-python/morph02.png")
cv.namedWindow("input image", cv.WINDOW_AUTOSIZE)
cv.imshow("input image", src)
open_demo(src)
# close_demo(src)
cv.waitKey(0)

cv.destroyAllWindows()

开操作结果(闭操作方法类似,结果略)