1. 步骤
tips:讲解写在代码注释中
1.1 开始菜单
void menu()
{
printf("***********************************\n");
printf("********** 1. start *************\n");
printf("********** 0. exit *************\n");
printf("***********************************\n");
}
int main()
{
//初始化随机值种子
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
int input = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf("请输入你的选择:\n");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
//printf("开始三子棋游戏!\n");
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏!\n");
break;
default:
printf("非法,请重新输入!\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
//while循环函数和switch分支选择函数 使用同一个判断变量 input
//通过菜单选择1开始游戏后,switch会进入分支1,开始游戏,
//游戏结束时,input依然是1,继续循环游戏,可多次游戏
//当想要退出游戏时,选择0, input = 0 ,while也结束循环
return 0;
}
1.2 game()
void game()
{
//使用二维数组来记录3*3的下棋数据
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
//初始化棋盘
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
char ret = 0;
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
//printf("%c\n", ret);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
//电脑下棋
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
}
if (ret == '*')
{
printf("玩家获胜!\n");
}
else if (ret == '#')
{
printf("电脑获胜!\n");
}
else
{
printf("平局!\n");
}
}
1.2.1 初始化棋盘、打印棋盘
//初始化棋盘
//由于是三字棋游戏,此时ROW=COL=3, 形参row=col=3
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{//将二维数组中的所有值初始化为 ‘ ’(空格)
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] =' ';
}
}
}
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
//1. 打印数据
//printf(" %c | %c | %c \n",board[i][0],board[i][1],board[i][2]);
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < row; j++)
{
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1) // '|' 比 '%c' 少一个
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
//2. 打印分割线
if (i < row - 1)
{
//printf("---|---|---\n");
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
}
}
1.2.2 玩家下棋
玩家通过二维数组的坐标,将 ’ ’ 改为 ‘ * ’ , 来表示下棋
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("玩家下棋》》\n");
printf("请输入下棋坐标(中间用空格隔开):\n");
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
while (1)
{
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//判断输入坐标是否非法
if ( x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
{
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
{ //玩家输入的是直观看到的坐标1~3
//需要将-1 ,将其转换成数组下标的坐标0~2
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else
{
printf("输入坐标被占用,请重新输入法!\n");
}
}
else
{
printf("输入坐标非法,请重新输入!\n");
}
}
}
1.2.3 电脑下棋
本例电脑为随机下棋,即随机产生一个坐标,将‘ ’改为‘ # ’
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("电脑下棋》》\n");
while (1)
{
//电脑下棋算法:随机
int x = rand() % row; //0~2
int y = rand() % col; //0~2
if (board[x][y] == ' ')
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
1.2.4 判断输赢
游戏双方下完每一步后,都需要判断输赢。
此时,有四种可能:
- 玩家赢(即行或列或对角线,满足三个‘*’连成一条直线)
- 电脑赢(即行或列或对角线,满足三个‘#’连成一条直线)
- 平局(即棋盘满了,但不满足玩家赢和电脑赢的条件)
- 游戏继续(上述三种情况都不符合时,游戏继续进行)
//根据四种可能,返回四种标志
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
//行
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][2]!=' ')
{
return board[i][0];
}
}
//列
for(j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[1][j] == board[2][j] && board[2][j] != ' ')
{
return board[0][j];
}
}
//左对角线
if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
{
return board[1][1];
}
//右对角线
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
{
return board[1][1];
}
//棋盘满,但平局的情况
if (IsFull(board, row, col) == 1)
{//IsFull函数用来判断棋盘是否满了,满返回1, 不满返回0
return 'Q';
}
//以上的情况都不符合时,继续下棋
return 'C';
}
//二维数组中的值,是否存在‘ ’(空格)
//存在,不满,返回0
//不存在,满。返回1
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == ' ')
{
return 0; //不满
}
}
}
return 1; //满
}
2. 实现代码
代码分为三个模块:
- main.c (主函数)
- game.h (用于存放头文件、宏定义、函数声明)
- game.c (用于存放游戏函数的定义)
//main.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include "game.h"
void game()
{
char board[ROW][COL] = { 0 };
//初始化棋盘
InitBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
char ret = 0;
while (1)
{
//玩家下棋
PlayerMove(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
//printf("%c\n", ret);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
//电脑下棋
ComputerMove(board, ROW, COL);
//打印棋盘
DisplayBoard(board, ROW, COL);
//判断输赢
ret = IsWin(board, ROW, COL);
if (ret != 'C')
{
break;
}
}
if (ret == '*')
{
printf("玩家获胜!\n");
}
else if (ret == '#')
{
printf("电脑获胜!\n");
}
else
{
printf("平局!\n");
}
}
void menu()
{
printf("***********************************\n");
printf("********** 1. start *************\n");
printf("********** 0. exit *************\n");
printf("***********************************\n");
}
int main()
{
//初始化随机值种子
srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
int input = 0;
do
{
menu();
printf("请输入你的选择:\n");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case 1:
//printf("开始三子棋游戏!\n");
game();
break;
case 0:
printf("退出游戏!\n");
break;
default:
printf("非法,请重新输入!\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}
//game.h
#pragma once
#include <stdio.h>
#include <time.h>
#define ROW 3
#define COL 3
//声明
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//判断输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
//game.c
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include "game.h"
//定义
//初始化棋盘
void InitBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
board[i][j] =' ';
}
}
}
//打印棋盘
void DisplayBoard(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
//1. 打印数据
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < row; j++)
{
printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
//2. 打印分割线
if (i < row - 1)
{
//printf("---|---|---\n");
int j = 0;
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
printf("---");
if (j < col - 1)
{
printf("|");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
}
}
//玩家下棋
void PlayerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("玩家下棋》》\n");
printf("请输入下棋坐标(中间用空格隔开):\n");
int x = 0;
int y = 0;
while (1)
{
scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
//判断输入坐标是否非法
if ( x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
{
if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
{
board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
break;
}
else
{
printf("输入坐标被占用,请重新输入法!\n");
}
}
else
{
printf("输入坐标非法,请重新输入!\n");
}
}
}
//电脑下棋
void ComputerMove(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
printf("电脑下棋》》\n");
while (1)
{
//电脑下棋算法:随机
int x = rand() % row;
int y = rand() % col;
if (board[x][y] == ' ')
{
board[x][y] = '#';
break;
}
}
}
int IsFull(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[i][j] == ' ')
{
return 0; //不满
}
}
}
return 1; //满
}
//判断输赢
char IsWin(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
{
int i = 0;
int j = 0;
//行
for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
{
if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][2]!=' ')
{
return board[i][0];
}
}
//列
for(j = 0; j < col; j++)
{
if (board[0][j] == board[1][j] && board[1][j] == board[2][j] && board[2][j] != ' ')
{
return board[0][j];
}
}
//左对角线
if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
{
return board[1][1];
}
//右对角线
if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
{
return board[1][1];
}
//棋盘满,但平局的情况
if (IsFull(board, row, col) == 1)
{
return 'Q';
}
//以上的情况都不符合时,继续下棋
return 'C';
}