1006 Sign In and Sign Out (25 分)

题目来源PAT
At the beginning of every day, the first person who signs in the computer room will unlock the door, and the last one who signs out will lock the door. Given the records of signing in’s and out’s, you are supposed to find the ones who have unlocked and locked the door on that day.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. Each case contains the records for one day. The case starts with a positive integer M, which is the total number of records, followed by M lines, each in the format:

ID_number Sign_in_time Sign_out_time
where times are given in the format HH:MM:SS, and ID_number is a string with no more than 15 characters.

Output Specification:

For each test case, output in one line the ID numbers of the persons who have unlocked and locked the door on that day. The two ID numbers must be separated by one space.

Note: It is guaranteed that the records are consistent. That is, the sign in time must be earlier than the sign out time for each person, and there are no two persons sign in or out at the same moment.

Sample Input:

3
CS301111 15:30:28 17:00:10
SC3021234 08:00:00 11:25:25
CS301133 21:45:00 21:58:40

Sample Output:

SC3021234 CS301133

算法&程序

1.选择结构数组存储
2.将字符串的比较简化为整数比较，将时间都计算为秒数后再存储比较。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MaxSize 16
#define TimeLength 9

struct UserSign{
    char ID[MaxSize];
    int SignIn;
    int SignOut;
};

int main()
{
    struct UserSign *U;
    int M,min,max,k,m;
    char T1[TimeLength],T2[TimeLength];
    scanf("%d",&M);
    U = (struct UserSign *)malloc(sizeof(struct UserSign)*M);

    for(int i=0;i<M;i++)
    {
        scanf("\n%s %s %s",U[i].ID,T1,T2);
        //字符串转化为整数时，尽量减少乘法运算，提高效率
        U[i].SignIn = (((T1[0]-'0')*10+T1[1]-'0')*60+(T1[3]-'0')*10+T1[4]-'0')*60+(T1[6]-'0')*10+T1[7]-'0';
        U[i].SignOut = (((T2[0]-'0')*10+T2[1]-'0')*60+(T2[3]-'0')*10+T2[4]-'0')*60+(T2[6]-'0')*10+T2[7]-'0';
    }
    min = U[0].SignIn;
    max = U[0].SignOut;
    k=m=0;
    for(int i=1;i<M;i++)
    {
        if(min>U[i].SignIn)
        {
            min = U[i].SignIn;
            k=i;
        }

        if(max<U[i].SignOut)
        {
            max = U[i].SignOut;
            m=i;
        }
    }
    printf("%s %s",U[k].ID,U[m].ID);
    return 0;
}