Marshal.PtrToStructure与Marshal.StructureToPtr 的使用

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-25 17:01:32 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-09-25 17:01:32 发布

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一、定义

MSDN：将数据从非托管内存块封送到托管对象。

重载的方法

二、实例

1、下面的示例创建一个托管结构，将其传输到非托管内存，然后使用 PtrToStructure 方法将其传输回托管内存。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace 测试interlock
{


    public struct Point
    {
        public int x;
        public int y;
    }

    class Example
    {

        static void Main()
        {

            // Create a point struct.
            Point p;
            p.x = 1;
            p.y = 1;

            Console.WriteLine("The value of first point is " + p.x + " and " + p.y + ".");

            // 初始化一块非托管内存，大小为结构体所占的内存大小
            IntPtr pnt = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(p));

            try
            {

                //将Point p的数据复制到非托管内存中去
                Marshal.StructureToPtr(p, pnt, false);

                // Create another point.
                Point anotherP;

                //将非托管内存的数据复制到新建的Point anotherP中
                anotherP = (Point)Marshal.PtrToStructure(pnt, typeof(Point));

                Console.WriteLine("The value of new point is " + anotherP.x + " and " + anotherP.y + ".");
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
            finally
            {
                // Free the unmanaged memory.
                Marshal.FreeHGlobal(pnt);
            }
        }
    }
}

2、结构体中包含字符串

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace testStructureToPtr
{
    public static class define  //define some constant
    {
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_IDENTICARDID = 20;   //maximum length of identicardid
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME = 50;           //maximum length of name
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_COUNTRY = 50;        //maximum length of country
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_NATION = 50;         //maximum length of nation
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_BIRTHDAY = 8;        //maximum length of birthday
        public const int MAX_LENGTH_OF_ADDRESS = 200;       //maximum length of address
    }

    public struct PERSON    //person structure
    {
        //MarshalAs:指示如何在托管代码和非托管代码之间封送数据
        //UnmanagedType:指定如何将参数或字段封送到非托管内存块
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_IDENTICARDID)]
        public byte[] identicardid;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME)]
        public byte[] name;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_COUNTRY)]
        public byte[] country;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_NATION)]
        public byte[] nation;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_BIRTHDAY)]
        public byte[] birthday;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_ADDRESS)]
        public byte[] address;
    }

    class testProgram
    {
        private static byte _fillChar = 0;      //the fill character

        //convert string to byte array in Ascii with length is len        
        public static byte[] CodeBytes(string str, int len)
        {
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(str))
            {
                str = string.Empty;
            }

            byte[] result = new byte[len];
            byte[] strBytes = Encoding.Default.GetBytes(str);

            //copy the array converted into result, and fill the remaining bytes with 0
            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
                result[i] = ((i < strBytes.Length) ? strBytes[i] : _fillChar);

            return result;
        }

        //show the person information
        public static void ShowPerson(PERSON person)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("cardid   :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.identicardid));
            Console.WriteLine("name     :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.name));
            Console.WriteLine("country  :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.country));
            Console.WriteLine("nation   :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.nation));
            Console.WriteLine("birthday :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.birthday));
            Console.WriteLine("address  :" + Encoding.ASCII.GetString(person.address));
        }

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            PERSON person;
            person.identicardid = CodeBytes("123456198001011111", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_IDENTICARDID);
            person.name = CodeBytes("jackson", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_NAME);
            person.country = CodeBytes("China", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_COUNTRY);
            person.nation = CodeBytes("HanZu", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_NATION);
            person.birthday = CodeBytes("19800101", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_BIRTHDAY);
            person.address = CodeBytes("Luoshan Road, Shanghai", define.MAX_LENGTH_OF_ADDRESS);

            int nSizeOfPerson = Marshal.SizeOf(person);
            IntPtr intPtr = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(nSizeOfPerson);

            Console.WriteLine("The person infomation is as follows:");
            ShowPerson(person);

            try
            {
                //将数据从托管对象封送到非托管内存块,该内存块开始地址为intPtr
                Marshal.StructureToPtr(person, intPtr, true);

                //将数据从非托管内存块封送到新分配的指定类型的托管对象anotherPerson
                PERSON anotherPerson = (PERSON)Marshal.PtrToStructure(intPtr, typeof(PERSON));

                Console.WriteLine("The person after copied is as follows:");
                ShowPerson(anotherPerson);
                Console.ReadKey();
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                throw;
            }
            finally
            {
                Marshal.FreeHGlobal(intPtr);    //free tha memory
            }
        }
    }
}