MarshalAs的简单总结

作用：

MarshalAs属性指示如何在托管代码和非托管代码之间封送数据。

使用方法：

[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType unmanagedType, 命名参数)]

实际上相当于构造一个MarshalAsAttribute类的对象

常用的UnmanagedType枚举值：

BStr   长度前缀为双字节的 Unicode 字符串；

LPStr  单字节、空终止的 ANSI 字符串。；

LPWStr  一个 2 字节、空终止的 Unicode 字符串；

ByValArray 用于在结构中出现的内联定长字符数组，应始终使用MarshalAsAttribute的SizeConst字段来指示数组的大小。

注意：

在用Marshal.SizeOf()，即获取对象的非托管大小时，获得的是自己定义的大小；

但在实际处理的时候，是按照实际的大小来获取的

示例：

定义一个固定大小的结构体，代码如下：

结构的声明：

        struct Info
        {
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 16)]
            public char[] name;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 16)]
            public char[] cipher;
            [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 256)]
            public char[] signature;
        }

结构的使用：

            Info myInfo;
            myInfo.name = name.ToCharArray();
            myInfo.cipher = cipher.ToCharArray();
            myInfo.signature = signature.ToCharArray();

注意：

int size = Marshal.SizeOf(myInfo);

实际应用中：

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace tetris
{
    /// <summary>
    /// SoundPlayer
    /// </summary>
    public class SoundPlayer
    {
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 128)]
        private string mciStatus = "";
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
        private string shortFileName = "";

        [DllImport("winmm.dll", EntryPoint = "mciSendString", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        private static extern long mciSendString(
            string lpstrCommand,
            string lpstrReturnString,
            long uReturnLength,
            long hwndCallback
            );
        [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
        public static extern int GetShortPathName(
            string lpszLongPath,
            string shortFile,
            int cchBuffer
            );
        private string File;
        private string Alias;
        private string status = "close";

        public SoundPlayer(string strFileName, string strAliasName)
        {
            this.File = LongNameToShortName(strFileName);
            this.Alias = strAliasName;
            status = "close";
        }

        private string LongNameToShortName(string strFileName)
        {
            shortFileName = shortFileName.PadLeft(260, Convert.ToChar(" "));
            GetShortPathName(strFileName, shortFileName, shortFileName.Length);
            return GetCurrPath(shortFileName);
        }

        private string GetCurrPath(string name)
        {
            if (name.Length < 1) return "";
            name = name.Trim();
            name = name.Substring(0, name.Length - 1);
            return name;
        }

        public string FileName
        {

            get
            {
                return File;
            }
            set
            {
                File = LongNameToShortName(value);
            }
        }

        public string AliasName
        {
            get
            {
                return Alias;
            }
        }

        public bool PlaySound()
        {
            if (PlayFile() == true)
            {
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        public bool StopSound()
        {

            StopFile();

            return false;
        }

        private bool PlayFile()
        {
            bool returnValue;

            long lRet;

            try
            {
                StopFile();

                lRet = mciSendString("open " + this.File + " alias " + Alias, "", 0, 0);
                lRet = mciSendString("play " + Alias, "", 0, 0);
                returnValue = (lRet == 0);

                status = "play";
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }

            return true;

        }

        public void CloseAudio()
        {

            mciSendString("close all", "", 0, 0);
            status = "close";

        }

        private bool StopFile()
        {

            long lRet;

            try
            {
                lRet = mciSendString("stop " + Alias, "", 0, 0);
                lRet = mciSendString("close " + Alias, "", 0, 0);
                status = "stop";
                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {
                return false;
            }

        }

        public bool IsPlaying
        {
            get
            {
                if (status != "play")
                    return false;

                mciStatus = "";
                mciStatus = mciStatus.PadLeft(128, Convert.ToChar(" "));
                mciSendString("status " + this.Alias + " mode", mciStatus, 128, 0);
                return mciStatus.Substring(0, 7).ToLower() == "playing".ToLower();
            }
        }

    }
}