图像处理之MLP（多层神经网络）

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-29 10:04:10 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-29 10:04:10 发布

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分类专栏： Halcon 图像处理文章标签：人工智能计算机视觉

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_31608641/article/details/129567077

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一、介绍

在进行颜色识别时，可以利用HSV不同分量具有不同特点，在H或者S通道进行颜色选择，使用过Blob分析：二值化，形态学，形状选择，但是对光照敏感，不稳定。这里另一种方法：MLP分类器的方式来识别颜色。

二、步骤

1、特征提取

*创建空对象，用以保存训练样本 
gen_empty_obj(Class)  
  
*绘制ROI选择要训练的颜色
draw_rectangle2 (WindowHandle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
gen_rectangle2 (Rectangle, Row, Column, Phi, Length1, Length2)
concat_obj (Class, Rectangle, Class)

2、创建分类器

create_class_mlp (3, 10, 5, 'softmax', 'normalization', 10, 42, MLPHandle)

3、添加样本

add_samples_image_class_mlp (Image, Class, MLPHandle)

4、训练样本

train_class_mlp (MLPHandle, 200, 0.01, 0.01, Error, ErrorLog)

5、识别

 classify_image_class_mlp (Image, ClassRegions, MLPHandle, 0.5)

三、实例

打开用例

识别颜色，原始图像，进行学习

代码.

* This example demonstrates a completeness check of colored game
* pieces using MLP classification. The training and application
* of the classifier is first shown on colored images and then on
* gray images.
* 
*此过程将dev_update_pc、dev_update_var和dev_update_window设置为“关闭”  
dev_update_off ()
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 557, 416, 'black', WindowHandle)
*设置字体样式 
set_display_font (WindowHandle, 14, 'mono', 'true', 'false')
dev_set_draw ('margin')
* 
* * Initialization
ImageRootName := 'color/color_pieces_0' *设置图像文件
*定义一个数组存放字符串 ，代表需要识别区域
Regions := ['yellow','pink','blue','background'] 
Highlight := ['goldenrod','magenta','cyan']
*创建一个空元组Classes  
gen_empty_obj (Classes)
* 
* 训练 并使用 MLP 分类器
for Mode := 0 to 1 by 1
    dev_set_color ('black')
    read_image (Image, ImageRootName + '0')
    * 
    * Simulate gray image
    if (Mode == 1)
        rgb1_to_gray (Image, GrayImage)
        compose3 (GrayImage, GrayImage, GrayImage, Image)
        dev_display (Image)
        disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Train and apply the classes again on gray images', 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'false')
        disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
        stop ()
    endif
    * 
    * Colored images
    if (Mode == 0)
        * 
        * Specify color classes
        for I := 1 to 4 by 1
            dev_display (Image)
            dev_display (Classes)
            disp_message (WindowHandle, ['Drag rectangle inside ' + Regions[I - 1] + ' color','Click right mouse button to confirm'], 'window', 24, 12, 'black', 'false')
            *画一个平行于坐标轴的矩形，包含图片中选中的部分  
            draw_rectangle1 (WindowHandle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
            gen_rectangle1 (Rectangle, Row1, Column1, Row2, Column2)
            *连接两个标志性对象元组 
            concat_obj (Classes, Rectangle, Classes)
        endfor
    endif
    * 
    * Train the specified color classes

* 创建多层感知器，3维特征向量维度，7层神经元的隐藏层，输出4类，softmax分类器（多项式分布），预处理设置为'normalization'，使用主成分分析，特征向量所在的组件数3，随机数初始化种子是42*

    create_class_mlp (3, 7, 4, 'softmax', 'normalization', 3, 42, MLPHandle)
*将图像中的训练样本添加到mlp模型的训练数据中，其中Classes是被训练的区域 

    add_samples_image_class_mlp (Image, Classes, MLPHandle)
    disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Training...', 'window', 100, 12, 'black', 'false')

    *训练mlp模型 
    train_class_mlp (MLPHandle, 400, 0.5, 0.01, Error, ErrorLog)
    * 
    * Use the trained MLP classifier to test if each image
    * contains four game pieces of each color
    for J := 0 to 3 by 1
        read_image (Image, ImageRootName + J)*读取不同的图像文件
        if (Mode == 1)
            rgb1_to_gray (Image, GrayImage)*模拟灰度图像
            compose3 (GrayImage, GrayImage, GrayImage, Image)
        endif
        * 
        * Apply the trained classes
        *开始分类识别物体 
        classify_image_class_mlp (Image, ClassRegions, MLPHandle, 0.5)
        dev_display (Image)
        disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Looking for 4 game pieces of each color ...', 'window', 24, 12, 'black', 'false')
        dev_set_line_width (2)
        * 
        * Count the number of game pieces for each color class
        for Figure := 1 to 3 by 1
            copy_obj (ClassRegions, ObjectsSelected, Figure, 1)
            connection (ObjectsSelected, ConnectedRegions)
            select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 400, 99999)
            count_obj (SelectedRegions, Number)
            dev_set_color (Highlight[Figure - 1])
            dev_display (SelectedRegions)
            OutString := Regions[Figure - 1] + ': ' + Number + '   '
            dev_set_color ('green')
            disp_message (WindowHandle, OutString, 'window', 24 + 30 * Figure, 12, 'black', 'false')
            if (Number != 4)
                disp_message (WindowHandle, 'Not OK', 'window', 24 + 30 * Figure, 120, 'red', 'false')
            else
                disp_message (WindowHandle, 'OK', 'window', 24 + 30 * Figure, 120, 'green', 'false')
            endif
        endfor
        if (J < 3)
            disp_continue_message (WindowHandle, 'black', 'true')
            stop ()
        endif
    endfor
endfor
dev_clear_window ()
dev_display (Image)
Message := 'The game pieces cannot be classified reliable on'
Message[1] := 'gray images because the gray values of the'
Message[2] := 'game pieces cannot always be distinguished from'
Message[3] := 'the gray values of the background.'
disp_message (WindowHandle, Message, 'window', 12, 12, 'black', 'true')

识别效果