Unity 3D 持久化数据 JSON

游戏运行时我们无法通过EPPlus读取Excel，不过我们可以将它保存成自定义格式，例如CSV JSON ScriptableObject等。

Unity 支持JSON的序列化和反序列化，需要注意的是，参与序列化的类必须在上方声明[Serializable]属性，并且支持对象的相互嵌套。

我们可以使用JsonUtility.ToJson()以及JsonUtility.FromJson<T>()来进行序列化反序列化。

遗憾的是，它不支持字典类型的序列化。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;

public class JSONTestMyTools
{
    [MenuItem("MyJSON/JSONTest", false, 0)]
    static void LoadJSONTest()
    {
        Data_JSONTest data = new Data_JSONTest();
        data.name = "data";
        data.subDatas.Add(new Data_JSONTest_SubData() { strvalue = "one", intvalue = 1, boolvalue = true });
        data.subDatas.Add(new Data_JSONTest_SubData() { strvalue = "two", intvalue = 2, boolvalue = false });

        string jsonstr = JsonUtility.ToJson(data);
        Debug.Log(jsonstr);

        data = null;
        data = JsonUtility.FromJson<Data_JSONTest>(jsonstr);

        Debug.Log(data.name);
        for (int i = 0; i < data.subDatas.Count; i++)
        {
            Debug.Log("strvalue :" + data.subDatas[i].strvalue
                + " intvalue :" + data.subDatas[i].intvalue
                + " boolvalue :" + data.subDatas[i].boolvalue);
        }
    }

    [Serializable]
    public class Data_JSONTest
    {
        public string name;
        public List<Data_JSONTest_SubData> subDatas = new List<Data_JSONTest_SubData>();
    }
    [Serializable]
    public class Data_JSONTest_SubData
    {
        public string strvalue;
        public int intvalue;
        public bool boolvalue;
    }
}

//--JSON支持字典

Unity 的JSON是不支持字典的，不过可以继承ISerializationCallbackReceiver接口，间接的实现字典的序列化。

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class SerializableDictionary<K, V> : ISerializationCallbackReceiver
{
    [SerializeField]
    private List<K> m_Keys;
    [SerializeField]
    List<V> m_Values;

    private Dictionary<K, V> m_Dictionary = new Dictionary<K, V>();

    public int Count
    {
        get
        {
            return m_Dictionary.Count;
        }
    }
    public V this[K key]
    {
        get
        {
            if (!m_Dictionary.ContainsKey(key))
            {
                return default(V);
            }
            return m_Dictionary[key];
        }
        set
        {
            m_Dictionary[key] = value;
        }
    }

    public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<K, V>> GetEnumerator()
    {
        foreach (var item in m_Dictionary)
        {
            yield return item;
        }
    }

    public void Add(K key, V value)
    {
        if (m_Dictionary.ContainsKey(key))
        {
            Debug.LogError("same key :" + key.ToString());
            return;
        }
        m_Dictionary.Add(key, value);
    }

    public void OnAfterDeserialize()
    {
        int count = m_Keys.Count;
        m_Dictionary = new Dictionary<K, V>();
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
        {
            m_Dictionary[m_Keys[i]] = m_Values[i];
        }
        m_Keys = null;
        m_Values = null;
    }

    public void OnBeforeSerialize()
    {
        m_Keys = new List<K>();
        m_Values = new List<V>();

        foreach (var item in m_Dictionary)
        {
            m_Keys.Add(item.Key);
            m_Values.Add(item.Value);
        }
    }
}

还添加了 Add() Count 支持froeach 等。

using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;

public class JSONDictionaryMyTools
{
    [MenuItem("MyJSON/JSONDictionary", false, 1)]
    static void JSONDictionary()
    {
        SerializableDictionary<int, string> serializableDictionary = new SerializableDictionary<int, string>();

        serializableDictionary.Add(100, "value100");
        serializableDictionary[200] = "value200";
        serializableDictionary[300] = "value300";
        //serializableDictionary.Add(100, "new value100");

        string jsonstr = JsonUtility.ToJson(serializableDictionary);
        Debug.Log(jsonstr);

        serializableDictionary = null;
        serializableDictionary = JsonUtility.FromJson<SerializableDictionary<int, string>>(jsonstr);

        //Debug.Log(serializableDictionary.Count);
        //Debug.Log(serializableDictionary[100]);
        foreach (var item in serializableDictionary)
        {
            Debug.Log(item.Key + " " + item.Value);
        }
    }
}