2022 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）——解析版

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2022 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题（第 1 套）

Part I Writing ( 30 minutes)

Directions: In this task, you are to write an essay on the role of physical exercise in achieving success at college. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Part II Listening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singles line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

  (1) Operations at one of Australia’s largest gold mines had to be temporarily suspended on Friday after a partial wall collapse at one of the mine’s dams.
  The wall collapse at the Cadia mine came just a few days after two earthquakes hit the area.
  The damage to the dam wall was noticed in the late afternoon on Friday when workers found a section of the northern dam wall had collapsed into the southern dam.
  The dams contain waste products of mining and can contain materials which are harmful to the environment and human health.
  The dams are generally constructed using earth-fill and are gradually raised over time.
  The company was unable to confirm whether the recent earthquakes had contributed to the dam’s wall collapse,but said it was conducting a thorough investigation.
  (2) A company spokesperson said the operations at the site had been halted while the investigation is ongoing and that the break had posed no safety threat to workers.

2022-12-01-01.—开头第一句—原词复现“dam”、“collapsed”

1. A. Part of its dam wall collapsed.
   B. It released a lot of harmful gases.
   C. It was destroyed by an earthquake.
   D. Some miners were trapped underground.

1. A.部分坝墙倒塌。
B.它释放了很多有害气体。
C.它被地震摧毁了。
D.一些矿工被困在地下。

1.What happened at one of Australia’s largest gold mines?
A【精析】事实细节题。新闻开头指出，澳大利亚最大的金矿之一发生部分坝墙倒塌事故，不得不暂时停止运营。因此，答案为A。

2022-12-01-02.—结尾第一句—没有原词复现—难

2. A. It posed a safety threat to the miners.
   B. It caused damage too heavy to assess.
   C. It brought the mine’s operations to a halt.
   D. It was followed by two more earthquakes.

2. A.这对矿工的安全构成了威胁。
B.造成的损失太大，无法评估。
C.它使该矿的生产陷于停顿。
D.随后又发生了两次地震。

2.What did the spokesperson say about the incident?
C【精析】事实细节题。新闻结尾处提到，公司发言人表示，在事故调查期间，现场作业已经停止，事故未对矿工的安全造成威胁。因此，答案为C。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

  Two boys and four girls were born on Monday to the surprise of a young couple and doctors who had expected five babies.
  This was the first record of six babies being born at the same time in that region.(3)The doctors prepared from early in the morning to help deliver five tiny citizens.They were in the operating room with five teams of doctors,one for each baby.
  The first five babies were delivered successfully,and all baby beds were occupied.And then all of a sudden,it turned out there was another waiting to come out.
  (4) The doctor said the babies were in healthy condition,but could not go home immediately.They needed to stay in the hospital for two to three months for medical supervision.
  The mother who is in stable condition could return home a day later if all physical tests came back normal. The babies’mother commented that they had already prepared room for five babies at home,so they will have to rearrange things for their happy surprise.The new parents have yet to name the sixth baby but are considering either Lily or Rose.

2022-12-01-03.—开头第三句—原词复现“doctor”、“baby”

3. A. It prepared beds for all the six new citizens.
   B. It assigned a team of doctors for each expected baby.
   C. It made ample preparations for various possibilities.
   D. It brought in the most advanced instruments.

3. A.它为所有六名新公民准备了床位。
B.它为每个待产婴儿指派了一组医生。
C.它为各种可能性做了充分的准备。
D.引进了最先进的仪器。

3.What did the hospital do for the delivery of the babies?
B【精析】细节推断题。新闻中指出，医生们从一大早就着手准备帮助接生五个小公民，手术室里有五组医生团队，每个团队负责一个婴儿。因此，答案为B。

2022-12-01-04.—结尾第四句—原词复现“hospital”、“months”

4. A. They had to undergo 2-3 physical checkups.
   B. They were all of normal size except the sixth.
   C. They could go home together with their mother a day later.
   D. They needed to stay in the hospital for a couple of months.

4. A.他们必须接受2-3次身体检查。
B.除了第六个，他们都是正常大小的。
C.他们可以在一天后和母亲一起回家。
D.他们需要在医院住几个月。

4.What did the doctor say about the newborns?
D【精析】事实细节题。新闻中提到，医生说宝宝们身体健康，但是不能立即回家。他们需要在医院待两三个月接受医疗监护。因此，答案为D。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

  (5) A Spanish island called Palmador has been bought by a family from Europe for 18 million euros.The island is often described as heaven on earth by holidaymakers.
  (6) For decades tourists have been flocking to Palmador,which is located off the southeast coast of Spain They come to enjoy its unspoiled beaches and crystal clear waters.Its natural beauty is protected as it lies inside a natural park.
  Although Palmador is one of the most famous private islands in the world,its seafront is public land and is a favorite destination for famous people.When the island was put up for sale,it was offered to the local government but proved too expensive for the local authorities.It is unclear whether the new owners have the power to ban tourists from the island.But with their newfound luxury comes the responsibility for its protection and maintenance.The island is less than two miles long and half a mile wide.(7)It is said to have a remarkable location that few other private islands of this size can match,according to estate agents.Palmador is the perfect place to retreat to,somewhere to get away from the city noise and relax in beautiful surroundings with zero stress.

2022-12-01-05.—开头第一二句—无原词复现—难—由“described as heaven on earth by holidaymakers”推出“perfect tourist destination”

5. A. It is owned by the local government.
   B. It has been turned into a public park.
   C. It has been bought by an American.
   D. It is a perfect tourist destination.

5. A.它归当地政府所有。
B.它已经变成了一个公园。
C.它被一个美国人买走了。
D.它是一个完美的旅游目的地。

5.What do we learn from the news report about the Spanish island Palmador?
D【精析】细节推断题。新闻开头提到，一个欧洲家庭以1,800万欧元买下了一座名为帕尔马多的西班牙岛屿。度假者常将该岛描述为人间天堂。由此可推断，西班牙帕尔马多岛是完美的度假胜地，因此答案为D。

2022-12-01-06.—开头第三句—原词复现全部“Its unspoiled beaches”

6. A. Its seafood.
   B. Its unusual coastline.
   C. Its unspoiled beaches.
   D. Its architecture.

6. A.海鲜。
B.不寻常的海岸线。
C.未被破坏的海滩。
D.它的结构。

6.What do holidaymakers come to Palmador to enjoy?
C【精析】事实细节题。新闻中提到，数十年来，游客一直涌向位于西班牙东南海岸的帕尔马多岛，他们来这里享受未受污染的海滩和清澈的海水。因此， 答案为C。

2022-12-01-07.—结尾第二句—原词复现，但是倒装和同义替换“location… few … match”

7. A. It has an unmatched location.
   B. It is worth over 18 million euros.
   C. It has beautiful weather all year round.
   D. It is an ideal place to meet famous stars.

7. A.它拥有无与伦比的地理位置。
B.价值超过1800万欧元。
C.一年四季天气都很好。
D.这是会见著名明星的理想场所。

7.What do estate agents say about Palmador?
A【精析】事实细节题。新闻最后提到，据房地产经纪人介绍，帕尔马多岛的地理位置非常优越，几乎没有类似面积的私人岛屿能与之媲美。因此，答案为 A。

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will heartwo long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M一：Hi,Christie’s Gym Center.How can I help you?

W一：Hi,I’m calling to ask about the newly scheduled gym classes.I’m just wondering if I can get a discount on them.

M二：(8-1) Are you already a member?

W二：(8-2) Yes,I signed up two months ago,but I haven’t been to any of the group classes yet.

M三：Can I take your name please?

W三：Yes.My name is Carol Friedman.

M四：Carol Friedman.That’s right.And you signed up two months ago.(9)Currently we are offering existing members discounts off two of our brand new classes,hot yoga,and advanced spinning,but the discount doesn’t apply to any of our regular classes I’m afraid.

W四：I’m only interested in the new classes.So how much of a discount is there on these two new classes?

M五：(10) The same discount of 20%is being offered to everyone at the door on a“first come,first served”basis.

for the first month.It’s a shame you missed out on the general discount.

W五：I see.

M六：But you can get 25%off if you sign up in advance.Which of the two classes are you thinking about?

W六：Well,I guess I am only really interested in hot yoga.Can you sign me up for the 10-week course on Thursday evenings?

M七：Sure.(11-1) Would you prefer to pay in advance?

W七：(11-2) No,I don’t like giving my card details over the phone anyway.

M八：Okay,then.As you are already a member,the fee of the class will just be added to your monthly bill

W八：That’s perfect.Thanks for your help.

M九：See you Thursday.

2022-12-01-08.—女二第一句—原词复现三个“two months ago”

8. A. She has been attending some group classes.
   B. She has registered for two new gym classes.
   C. She became a member of the gym two months ago.
   D. She is entitled to a discount on all the gym exercises.

8. A.她一直在参加一些小组课程。
B.她已经注册了两个新的体育课。
C.她两个月前成为了健身房的会员。
D.她有权享受所有体育锻炼的折扣。

8.What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?
C【精析】事实细节题。对话中，男士询问女士是否是健身中心的会员，女士表示两个月前就报名了，但目前还没有上过任何小组课程。由此可知，女士两个月前已经是健身中心的会员了。因此，答案为C。

2022-12-01-09.—男四第二句—原词复现全部

9. A. Considering the promotion of its regular classes.
   B. Taking measures to expand its exercise programs.
   C. Recruiting coaches for hot yoga and advanced spinning.
   D. Offering existing members a discount off two new classes.

9. A.考虑推广常规课程。
B.采取措施扩大锻炼项目。
C.招募热瑜伽和高级动感单车教练。
为现有会员提供两个新课程的折扣。

9.What is the gym center doing right now?
D【精析】事实细节题。男士了解到女士已经是会员后，告诉女士健身中心正在为现有会员提供热瑜伽和高级动感单车两个全新课程的折扣，但常规课程没有折扣。由此可知，健身中心正在为现有会员提供新课程的折扣。因此，答案为 D。

2022-12-01-10.—男五第一句—原词复现一个“discount”

10. A. She missed the deadline for the 10-week course.
    B. She missed out on the gym’s general discount.
    C. She didn’t sign up for membership in time.
    D. She wasn’t so much interested in hot yoga.

10. A.她错过了10周课程的最后期限。
B.她错过了健身房的一般折扣。
C.她没有及时登记成为会员。
D.她对热瑜伽不太感兴趣。

10.What does the man say is a pity for the woman?
B【精析】事实细节题。女士说她只对新课程感兴趣，然后询问这两门新课程的折扣是多少，男士说首月先到先得，每人可享受20%折扣，但很遗憾女士错过了这次普通折扣。因此，答案为B。

2022-12-01-11.—女七第一句—原词复现五个“card details over the phone”

11. A. She doesn’t want to reveal her card details over the phone.
    B. She doesn’t think it wise to pay before attending any class.
    C. She might have to cancel her registration any minute.
    D. She prefers to have the fee added to her monthly bill.

11. 她不想在电话里透露她信用卡的详细信息。
B.她认为上课前付钱是不明智的。
C.她随时都可能取消注册。
D.她喜欢把这个费用加到她每月的账单上。

11.Why is the woman unwilling to pay in advance?
A【精析】事实细节题。对话中，男士问女士是否愿意提前付款，女士表示反对，理由是她不喜欢在电话里提供自己的信用卡详细信息。因此，答案为 A。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

M一：Well,I think that was quite a succesful trip in the end.Don’t you think,Jenny?

W一：Absolutely.(12) There are lots of great potential markets here in China.So I’m sure that the head office in London will be pleased once we get back and present our research.

M二：Okay.We’ve got a bit of spare time now.Can we discussthe return trip to the head office?

W二：Sure.I’ve checked the availability of flights from Beijing to London on the 22nd and you have a choice. (13-1) There’s a flight arriving the following morning,with a two-hour stopover in Dubai,or a flight arriving at 11:30 in the evening,with a five-hour stopover in Amsterdam.

M三：(13-2) Right.Well,that’s obvious then,isn’t it?

W三：(13-3) Okay,so that’s Dubai.I’ve booked a room in a hotel about a mile from the office.The nearest metro station is Earl’s Court.

M四：Great.(14) Can you find a map that shows where the hotel is and send it to me online? I’ve never been to the head office,you know.I want to see if I can get one of those rental bicycles and ride to the office just for fun.For the presentation,I’ll bring my own laptop and hook it up to their projector.Do you remember the capacity of their meeting room?

W四：No,but I’ll check.

M五：Just one more thing.I’ll pay everything with my own card,right?And I’ll submit my claims form
afterwards.

W五：No problem.(15)Just remember to keep all your receipts. You remember the trouble you had last time.

M六：Oh,don’t remind me.

2022-12-01-12.—女一第二句—原词复现一个“market”

12. A. To make investments.
    B. To sign a business contract.
    C. To research new markets.
    D. To open a new office.

12. A.进行投资。
B.签订商业合同。
C.研究新市场。
D.开设新办公室。

12.Why are the speakers in China?
C【精析】细节推断题。对话开头，男士表示这次旅行很成功。女士表示认同，并进一步指出中国有很多巨大的潜在市场，她相信回到伦敦总部汇报调研结果，总部会很高兴。由此推断，说话者来中国的目的是调研新的市场。因此，答案为C。

2022-12-01-13.—女二第二句—原词复现一个“Dubai”

13. A. Dubai.
    B. Beijing.
    C. Amsterdam.
    D. Earl’s Court.

13. A.迪拜。
B.北京。
C.阿姆斯特丹。
D.伯爵的法庭。

13.Where will the man stop over on his way to London?
A【精析】事实细节题。对话中两人讨论了回伦敦的航班，女士提供了两种供选择的路线，次日早上抵达的航班需要在迪拜停留两小时，晚上11:30抵达的航班需要在阿姆斯特丹停留五小时。男士表示结果很明显了，女士确认那就订在迪拜停留的航班。因此，答案为A。

2022-12-01-14.—男四第二句—原词复现“a map … hotel”

14. A. Rent a bike for him to get around the town.
    B. Reserve a meeting room in the head office.
    C. Help him prepare his presentation.
    D. Send him a map of the hotel area.

14. A.租一辆自行车让他在城里转转。
B.在总部预定一间会议室。
C.帮助他准备演讲。
D.给他一张酒店区域的地图。

14.What does the man ask the woman to do?
D【精析】事实细节题。在确定了返程的路线后，男士请女士找一张显示酒店位置的地图并发送给他。因此，答案为D。

2022-12-01-15.—女五第二句—原词复现大部分，就代词从“his”变成“your”

15. A. Bring his projector.
    B. Keep all his receipts.
    C. Submit his claims form.
    D. Pay with his credit card.

15. A.带上他的投影仪。
B.保留他所有的收据。
C.提交索赔表。
D.用他的信用卡付款。

15.What did the woman remind the man to do at the end of the conversation?
B【 精析】事实细节题。对话末尾，男士跟女士确认自己用信用卡支付，之后提交报销申请表。女士表示没问题，并提醒男士记得保留所有收据，避免再出现上次遇到的麻烦。因此，答案为B。

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B,C. and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  A new study has demonstrated the importance of women’s rights.The researchers behind the study state that many parts of the world have made good economic progress,but women’s rights are often overlooked. (16) Thus,they wanted to determine if there was a link between protection of women’s rights and public health.
  The researchers analyzed databases which held information from 162 countries for the period 2004 to 2010.
  Countries were classified according to the respect they gave to women’s economic and social rights.There were three categories.They were high,moderate,and poor.
  Analysis of the data showed that countries with strong women’s rights had better health than those where women’s rights were not as respected.
  The health indicators studied included disease prevention,reproductive health,death rates,and life expectancy.
  Furthermore,in countries where women’s rights were most respected,but where access to hospitals and doctors was below average,health outcomes were still better than in countries rated as moderate or poor.(17) This confirms that even with a lack of resources,if a country has strong women’s rights,the health outcomes are better.
  Thus,the researchers argued that gender equality is not just a women’s rights issue.It is also a development issue.This is because better health aids economic development.(18)They note that the value of women’s right: has often been questioned from an economic standpoint. Some have argued that ensuring those rights woulc limit progress,but this study indicates the opposite.

2022-12-01-16.—开头第三句—原词复现一大半

16. A. Whether a country’s educational level is linked to women’s rights.
    B. Whether women’s rights are making good progress around the world.
    C. Whether a country’s protection of women’s rights is related to its public health.
    D. Whether women’s rights are more often overlooked in less-developed countries.

16. A.一个国家的教育水平是否与妇女权利挂钩。
B.妇女权利是否在世界范围内取得了良好的进展。
C.一个国家对妇女权利的保护是否与公共卫生有关。
D.在欠发达国家，妇女的权利是否经常被忽视。

16.What did the researchers of the new study try to determine?
C【精析】事实细节题。短文开头提到，一项新的研究证明了妇女权利的重要性。研究人员表示，世界上许多地方都取得了良好的经济进步，但妇女的权利往往被忽视。因此，他们想确定保护妇女权利与公共健康之间是否存在联系。由此可知， 答案为C。

2022-12-01-17.—中间—原词复现两个“women’s rights”

17. A. Their people still have better health if women’s rights are respected.
    B. They must make efforts to increase women’s access to health care.
    C. Their people tend to attach importance to women’s rights.
    D. They need to invest more in hospital staff and facilities.

17. A.如果妇女的权利得到尊重，他们的人民仍然有更好的健康状况。
B.他们必须努力增加妇女获得保健的机会。
C.他们的人民往往重视妇女的权利。
D.他们需要在医院人员和设备上投入更多。

17.What does the passage say about countries lacking in medical resources?
A【精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，在妇女权利最受尊重但医院和医生比例低于平均水平的国家，健康状况仍优于对妇女权利一般尊重或不太重视的国家。这证实了即使在缺乏资源的情况下，如果一个国家重视妇女权利，健康状况也会更好。 因此，答案为A。

2022-12-01-18.—结尾第二句—无原词复现

18. A. Their link with a country’s public health.
    B. Their potential impact on social progress.
    C. Their value to a country’s international image.
    D. Their positive effect on economic development.

18. A.它们与国家公共卫生的联系。
B.它们对社会进步的潜在影响。
C.它们对国家国际形象的价值。
D.它们对经济发展的积极影响。

18.What has often been questioned regarding women’s rights?
D【精析】细节推断题。短文末尾提到，研究人员认为，性别平等不仅仅是一个妇女权利问题，这也是一个发展问题，这是因为更好的健康有助于经济发展。他们指出，妇女权利的价值经常从经济的角度受到质疑。因此，答案为D。

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  (19) Sunshine and high temperatures can mean picnics and parks and trips to beaches,but they can make your body react in some strange ways.
  First,sunshine can actually affect your breath.You may think that summer is the perfect time to go on a date or chat with an attractive boy or girl.(20)But excessive heat can cause you to lose water,which has been proven to have a pretty unattractive side effect—bad breath.
  When you are lacking water,your mouth becomes dry.Bacteria accumulate because there isn’t enough water in your mouth to wash it away.Sunshine can stop you from sweating,too.The body’s normal temperature is 36 to 37 degrees centigrade.But if it heats up to 40 to 41 degrees,you may find yourself getting heatstroke.At that point,your heat regulatory system can essentially quit,which stops you from sweating as your body tries to keep water around your vital organs.
  (21) However,the sun can have a positive influence on your body by raising your energy levels.You might feel like the sun is giving you extra energy for your day,which is actually happening.
  And vitamin D from sunshine can help your body to absorb certain minerals,which are linked to building stronger bones.Therefore,I suggest you spend more time in the park with your friends,but make sure you apply lots of skin protection and fill up those water bottles,too.

2022-12-01-19.—开头第一句—无原词复现

19. A. It creates a wonderful setting for dating.
    B. It may cause strange physical reactions.
    C. It turns parks into picnic sites.
    D. It may result in a crowded beach.

19. A.这为约会创造了一个绝佳的环境。
B.它可能会引起奇怪的身体反应。
C.它把公园变成了野餐地。
D.这可能会导致海滩拥挤。

19.What does the passage say about hot sunshine?
B【精析】事实细节题。短文开头提到，阳光和高温可能意味着享受野餐、公园游玩和海滩旅行，但它们会让你的身体产生一些奇怪的反应。因此，答案为B。

2022-12-01-20.—中间—原词复现两个“bad breath”

20. A. Breathing difficulty.
    B. Bad breath.
    C. Excessive sweating.
    D. High blood pressure.

20.A.呼吸困难。
B.口臭。
C.出汗过多。
D.高血压。

20.What does the passage say is a negative side effect of water loss?
B【 精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，夏天过热会导致失水，这会产生一种非常令人不爽的作用 —— 口臭。因此，答案为B。

2022-12-01-21.—结尾第三句—原词复现两个“extra energy”

21. A. It protects people against bacteria.
    B. It enables people to build up endurance.
    C. It accelerates people’s blood circulation.
    D. It provides people with extra energy.

21. A.它可以保护人们免受细菌侵害。
B.它能增强人的耐力。
C.加速人的血液循环。
D.它给人们提供额外的能量。

21.What is said to be a positive effect of sunshine?
D【精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，太阳可以通过提高你的能量水平对你的身体产生积极影响，你可能会感觉太阳像是为你的一天提供了额外的能量，而这是实际发生的。因此，答案为D。

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

  Left-handed people can find it inconvenient to do certain things,writing in a notebook for example,but there are a number of advantages of being left-handed.(22)Research found that they were overrepresented among fighters in combat sports.Left-handed fighters also had higher chances to win.This confirms the fighter theory.
  (23) Left-handers may also be better at remembering events.The explanation is that the two brain spheres of left-handers are more strongly connected.
  Being left-handed might be a factor in mathematical ability.An Italian study found that for simple arithmetic there was little difference between right-and left-handed performance,(24)but for more difficult problem-solving,left-handers won out.No one understands the reason for this.
  Left-handed people may think differently.In one study,researchers showed the participants columns of abstract llustrations and asked them which ones they would prefer.Left-handed people were more likely to prefer the images on the left.Right-handed people preferred the ones on the right.Both groups disliked stuff on their opposite side.
Left-handers are also overrepresented in professional,interactive sports.Researchers have looked at the influence of being left-handed on performance and interactive sports.(25)Those that require the fastest reaction give left-handers the biggest advantage.So if you have a left-handed child,you should encourage them to play table tennis,baseball and tennis.Being left-handed maximizes their chances of success in these sports.

2022-12-01-22.—开头第二句—原词复现三个“in combat sports”

22. A. They are more likely to win in combat sports.
    B. They are in the minority among the population.
    C. They have a higher chance of joining sports teams.
    D. They have more disadvantages in getting ahead.

22. A.他们更有可能在格斗项目中获胜。
B.他们在人口中是少数。
C.他们有更高的机会加入运动队。
D.他们在前进的道路上有更多的劣势。

22.What does the passage say about left-handed people?
A 【 精析】事实细节题。短文开头提到，研究发现，在格斗运动中格斗选手是左利手的比例更高，是左利手的格斗选手获胜机会也更大。因此，答案为 A。

2022-12-01-23.—中间—原词复现一次“brain”

23. A. Their brain is more powerful than that of right-handed people.
    B. The left side of their brain is more powerful than its right side.
    C. They tend to be a lot more aggressive than right-handed people.
    D. Their brain has a stronger connection between its two sides.

23. A.他们的大脑比右撇子的人更强大。
B.他们的左脑比右脑更强大。
C.他们往往比右撇子的人更具侵略性。
D.他们的大脑两侧有更强的连接。

23.What is said to be special about left-handed people?
D 【 精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，左利手可能更善于记忆事件，原因是左利手的两个大脑半球之间的联系更紧密。因此，答案为D。

2022-12-01-24.—中间—无原词复现

24. A. They have a larger brain.
    B. It still remains unknown.
    C. It is related to their genes.
    D. They are better at reasoning.

24. A.他们的大脑更大。
B.仍然不知道。
C.这与他们的基因有关。
D.他们更善于推理。

24.Why are left-handed people better at solving more difficult problems?

B 【 精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，意大利的一项研究发现，对于简单的算术，左利手和右利手的表现几乎没有差别，而对于解决更困难的问题，左利手更胜一筹。没有人能理解这其中的原因。由此可知，左利手更擅长解决难题仍是未解之谜，因此答案为B。

2022-12-01-25.—结尾第一句—原词复现四个“encourage them to play”

25. A. Teach them how to perform tasks with their right hand.
    B. Help them fully develop their mathematical abilities.
    C. Encourage them to play fast-paced interactive sports.
    D. Advise them to choose jobs that require quick reactions.

25. A.教他们如何用右手完成任务。
B.帮助他们充分发展他们的数学能力。
C.鼓励他们进行快节奏的互动运动。
D.建议他们选择需要快速反应的工作。

25.What should parents do about a left-handed child?
C 【 精析】细节推断题。短文最后提到，那些需要做出快速反应的运动给了左利手最大的优势，所以如果你有一个左利手孩子，你应该鼓励他们去打乒乓球、棒球和网球。他们作为左利手在这些运动中最有可能获得成功。因此，答案为C。

Part III Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list ofchoices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
  Researchers, writing in the journal Heart, pooled data from 23 studies and found that social isolation or feelings of loneliness were tied to an increased risk of coronary heart disease (冠心病) and strokes.
  The studies included data from 181,006 men and women ages 18 and over. There were 4,628 coronary events and 3,002 strokes in follow-up periods 26 from three to 21 years. Three of the papers 27 loneliness, 18 looked at social isolation and two included both. Social isolation and loneliness were determined with questionnaires; the researchers depended on medical records and death 28 for determining coronary events and strokes.
  The scientists found that loneliness and social isolation increased the 29 risk of having a heart attack or a death from heart disease by 29 percent, and the risk of stroke by 32 percent. There were no 30 between men and women.
  “People have tended to focus from a policy point of view on 31 lonely people to make them more 32 ,” said the lead author, Nicole K. Valtorta, a research fellow at the University of York in England. “Our study 33 that if this is a risk factor, then we should be trying to prevent the risk factor in the first place.”
  The authors 34 that this was a review of observational studies and did not 35 cause and effect.

A. acknowledge
B. certificates
C. connected
D. demonstrates
E. differences
F. establish
G. formats
H. measured
I. narrow
J. permanent
K. produces
L. ranging
M. relative
N. submitting
O. targeting

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read apassage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

The hidden costs colleges don't want you to know about

A. This fall, thousands of college students from across the country will begin their undergraduate studies at colleges around the nation. They will inevitably pack too much to fit in their tiny dorm rooms. They will also carry with them a huge student loan debt, in addition to countless “hidden” out-of-pocket costs paid for by their bank accounts and the bank accounts of their families.

B. At my well-respected, private, four-year university in Washington, D.C., which boasts a yearly tuition of $44,046 not including room and board, I receive over $57,000 yearly in financial aid. As a student from a family that is struggling to make ends meet, my financial aid package is a combination of federal grants and federal work study, university merit scholarships and financial aid awards, and about $8,000 yearly in federally subsidized (有补贴的) and unsubsidized loans. On paper, my expenses and my financial aid just about even out. Off paper, they don’t.

C. Universities today are in the business of making money, and mine is no exception. They hit me right out of gate with a $160 fee to attend my freshman orientation, a price which does not include the cost of travel to and from the District. Almost every class has an associated fee not included in the cost of tuition, most between $40 and $100. Fees for lab science classes are the highest, and all students at my university are required to take at least one lab before they graduate. Buying a laptop proved a necessity and, thankfully, a relative bought me one as a gift. Renting a mini-fridge for my dorm room costs my roommates and me about $140 a year.

D. Schools will charge you whatever they can. The costs of any damage to the dorm, including elevators, bathrooms, and common areas, are billed to every person on a dorm floor, or even the entire building if they do not know who caused the damage. After I fell out of my bed twice during my freshman year, the university installed a railing — for $20, billed to my student account. My financial aid did not anticipate any of these costs, and so it did not cover them.

E. An Internet search of “hidden costs” of college turns up a host of articles on parent-centered websites on the college application process. These articles are almost always geared towards upper- and middle- class families. For students already struggling to pay tuition, these costs may be the least of their worries.

F. So what hidden costs should low-income students really be paying attention to? My college experience offers a few examples.

G. If you are a low-income student who will be attending school out-of-state, make sure you know if you can use your state benefits, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP. It wasn’t until after I had accepted admission to an out-of-state school that I learned that I could not use my Ohio Medicaid on campus for anything other than emergency care. My benefits became invalid the second I moved out of Ohio. After my freshman year, I had to opt for the school’s insurance plan, which costs around $2,000 a year. Even if your school offers a flat-rate fee for a doctor’s appointment at the student health center (mine is $20 a visit), these fees often do not include extra fees for lab tests or prescription medications (药物) .

H. If you plan on paying off bills in your student account with a credit card, be aware of any additional costs. My school charges an additional fee for the use of a credit card to settle outstanding charges, which can add upwards of 3% of the balance to your bill.

I. There is another depressing reality hidden within even the largest financial aid packages: Colleges often offer the most generous packages during freshman year as a way to attract new students. My,family was careful to ask about the chances of financial aid being taken away after my freshman year. We were assured that, except for low grades or a raise in family income, no money would be taken away. We did not know to ask — and the school did not readily point out — that even if tuition rises, my financial aid package will stay the same. So when my university voted to raise tuition costs 3% at the end of my freshman year, my financial aid package remained the same and I was suddenly responsible for an additional $1,200 for the next year. The university administration will likely vote to raise costs at least once more before my graduation.

J. Yes, I chose to attend an expensive university far from my hometown. Yes, there were cheaper options. But there are promising students from struggling families across the nation who should not rule out their dream schools entirely. All things considered, I am paying significantly less than the ticket price of my university, and having an educational experience in Washington, D.C., that I would not have had anywhere else. As a low-income student from a down-and-out Rust Belt community, these educational experiences have enormous potential to brighten my future — and my family’s future.

K. The key is to make sure that students and their families understand that hidden costs exist, and that they may prove problematic. Fill out a more comprehensive checklist, and be wary of listed prices that seem too low. Understand just how complicated the financial aid process is.

L. Students and families must also understand their ability to self-advocate. They should not pay student bills or excess fees blindly. If something does not look right, ask about it. If it still doesn’t look right, negotiate it. In cases where parents are working multiple jobs, are less knowledgeable about college bureaucracies, have limited English language skills, or are not contributing financially to their child’s education, the burden of self-advocacy will fall on the student. I understand the difficulty, and the embarrassment. But it is necessary.

M. In the grand scheme of things, however, colleges also must come to understand that the hidden fees they ask for may prove unmanageable for the very kinds of low-income or first-generation students they are trying desperately to attract.

36. Students’ financial aid remains unchanged even when tuition rises.
37. Students may not be able to enjoy their state benefits when they go to college out of the state.
38. The financial aid the author receives is supposed to cover all her college expenses.
39. When the person who damages dorm facilities is not identified, students are required to share the cost.
40. Though it is difficult and embarrassing, students should make inquiries about what fees they have to pay and why.
41. Today, many Americans have to go to college on student loans.
42. Receiving education in a private university in the nation’s capital may change the author’s future life and that of her family’s.
43. Students may no longer be qualified for financial aid if they perform poorly in school or if their family income has increased.
44. In addition to tuition, college students have to pay extra fees for the courses they take.
45. Some schools charge students a fee to their student accounts for using credit cards to pay bills.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

  To write his 2010 book, The 5-Factor World Diet, nutritionist Harley Pasternak traveled to the healthiest countries around the world to learn more about what made their meals extra nourishing.
  He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds, and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colors in every meal. Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations about how different the North American way of life was, compared with many other countries.
  For starters, Americans eat much bigger portions than people in other countries. “We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally, and we also add lots of salt, sugar and thickening agents to our foods,” explained Pasternak. Contrast that to the healthy Mediterranean, Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak’s book. They all seem to stick to the ethos (特质) of regional, seasonal produce.
  For example, a traditional Mediterranean diet includes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts and olive oil as the main components of nutritional intake. Fish, chicken and red wine make moderate appearances, while red meat, salt and sugar are used much less often. The benefits of a traditional Mediterranean diet have been studied since the 1970s, and researchers have found that living that olive oil life can help people lose weight, lower their heart disease risk and reverse diabetes.
  Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event — say, multiple courses around the family table, or a glass or two of red wine at a long lunch — as opposed to hastily wolfing down handfuls of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.
  Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature. But Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies he observed. “The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy countries is that they all walk way more than the average American,” said Pasternak. “So really, regardless of what you’re eating, if someone’s walking four miles more than you each day, they’re going to be a lot thinner and live a lot longer than you.”

  为了撰写2010年出版的名为《世界饮食五要素》一书，营养学家哈利·帕斯捷尔纳克走访了世界上最健康的几个国家，深入了解是什么让他们的饮食更富含营养。
  (46)他注意到日本人吃很多种类的海藻，而中国人则会在每餐中纳入至少5种颜色的食物。帕斯捷尔纳克还对北美的生活方式与许多其他国家的生活方式有何不同进行了一些有价值的观察。
  (47) 首先，美国人比其他国家的人饭量更大。帕斯捷尔纳克解释道：“我们并不会优先吃季节性食物或 是本地食物，另外我们还会加入很多盐、糖和增稠剂到我们的食物中。”(48)在帕斯捷尔纳克的书中，他将此和健康的地中海饮食、北欧饮食和冲绳饮食进行了对比。这些地方的饮食看似都坚持了地方性和季节性农产品的特质。
  比如，一个传统的地中海饮食把水果、蔬菜、全麦、坚果、橄榄油作为营养摄入的主要部分。鱼肉、鸡肉 和红酒会适度出现，而红肉、盐和糖则更少被使用。传统的地中海饮食的好处从20世纪70年代就开始被研究，研究者们发现常年食用橄榄油可以帮助人们减重，降低他们患心脏病的风险，并治疗糖尿病。
  (49)很多其他的健康饮食文化也会把吃饭视为一件大事。比如，在家庭餐桌上吃上几道菜，或者在一顿漫长的午餐中喝一两杯红酒，而不是匆忙地在厨房水槽旁狼吞虎咽地吃下几把麦片，然后称之为晚餐。
  每种健康饮食文化都会有其独特之处。(50)但是帕斯捷尔纳克确实注意到，在他观察到的所有健康社会中，有一个统一的因素。“在这些健康国家中，唯一的共同点是他们走路的时间都比一般美国人走路时间多。”帕斯捷尔纳克说，“因此，不管你吃什么，如果有人每天比你多走4英里的路，他们就会比你瘦得多，活得长得多。”

2022-12-01-46.—细节辨认题—易—原词复现“variety”

2022-12-01-46.—第一：通过“Japanese，Chinese”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项C；第三：找同义替换，选项A“variety”替换原文的“different”

46. What characterizes Japanese and Chinese foods? 【原文：He noted that Japanese people ate a wonderful variety of seaweeds, and that Chinese people tried to include at least five different colors in every meal. Pasternak also came away with some valuable observations about how different the North American way of life was, compared with many other countries.】
    A. Variety.
    B. Flavor.
    C. Color.
    D. Naturalness.

46.日本和中国食物的特点是什么？
A.品种。
B.味道。
C.颜色。
D.自然性。

46.【定位】由题干中的Japanese and Chinese foods定位到第二段第一句。

A【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，他注意到日本人吃很多种类的海藻，而中国人则会在每餐中纳入至少5种颜色的食物。由此可见，不管是日本人还是中国人，在饮食上的特点都是种类丰富，故答案为 A。

【避错】根据定位句可知，日本人酷爱食用海藻，可以理解为“天然性”，而中国人则注重食物的颜色丰富 ，C 和 D 只体现了其中一个国家的特点，故排除，而B 项中提及的“口味”在文中并无体现，故排除。

2022-12-01-47.—细节辨认题—难—关键词不懂“bigger portions更大的份量：指食物或饮料的量比平常更多的一份。”—或者可以由“much bigger”推出“quite a lot”

2022-12-01-47.—第一：通过“Americans eat”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项BC；第三：找特点，选项C跟原文否定意思不一致，排除。选项B跟原文肯定意思一致

47. What is typical of Americans in the way of eating?【原文：Americans eat much bigger portions than people in other countries. “We don’t prioritize eating seasonally or locally, and we also add lots of salt, sugar and thickening agents to our foods,” explained Pasternak.】
    A. They emphasize nutrition.
    B. They tend to eat quite a lot.
    C. They prioritize convenience.
    D. They care about flavors.

47. 美国人典型的饮食习惯是什么？
A.他们强调营养。
B.他们往往吃得很多。
C.他们优先考虑便利性。
D.他们关心口味。

47.【 定位 】由题干中的 Americans in the way of eating定位到第三段第一句。
B【 精析】细节辨认题。定位句提到，美国人比其他国家的人饭量更大，也就是说，他们吃的更多一些，故答案为B。

【避错】文章第三段第二句提到，美国人并不会优先吃季节性食物或是本地食物，另外还会加入很多盐、糖和增稠剂到食物中。可见其并非注重营养，故排除A 。 而 C 中提及的“便利性”和D 中提及的“口味”在定位段中均无体现，故排除。

2022-12-01-48.—细节辨认题—易—同义替换“seasonal produce”替换为“Seasonal local produce”

2022-12-01-48.—第一：通过“Mediterranean, Nordic and Okinawan diets”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项C；第三：找特点，选项C多了个“local本地的，地方的”替换原文的“regional 地区的，区域的”

48. What features in Mediterranean, Nordic and Okinawan diets?【原文：Contrast that to the healthy Mediterranean, Nordic and Okinawan diets listed in Pasternak’s book. They all seem to stick to the ethos (特质) of regional, seasonal produce.】
    A. Fruits and vegetables.
    B. Olive oil and red wine.
    C. Seasonal local produce.
    D. Unprocessed ingredients.

48. 地中海、北欧和冲绳的饮食有什么特点？
A.水果和蔬菜。
B.橄榄油和红酒。
C.当地季节性农产品。
D.未经加工的原料。

48.【定位】由题干中的Mediterranean,Nordic and Okinawan diets定位到第三段最后两句。

C【 精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，他将此和健康的地中海饮食、北欧饮食和冲绳饮食进行了对比。 这些地方的饮食看似都坚持了地方性和季节性农产品的特质，故答案为 C。

【避错】文章第四段前两句提到，传统的地中海饮食把水果、蔬菜、全麦、坚果、橄榄油作为营养摄入的主要部分。鱼肉、鸡肉和红酒会适度出现，而红肉、盐和糖则更少被使用。A、B和 D 三项仅涉及地中海饮食，内容片面，故排除。

2022-12-01-49.—细节辨认题—难—强干扰项选A，但是它不紧跟定位句，其实关键词就是紧跟定位句后的“make meals an event”但是由于不认识“event大事”就直接忽略这一句

2022-12-01-49.—第一：通过“Most other healthy eating cultures”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项ABCD；第三：找同义替换，不好找，选项D“importance”替换原文的“make … an event视xxx为一件大事”

49. What do people in most healthy eating cultures have in common?【原文：Most other healthy eating cultures also make meals an event — say, multiple courses around the family table, or a glass or two of red wine at a long lunch — as opposed to hastily wolfing down handfuls of cereal above the kitchen sink and calling it dinner.】
    A. They get the whole family to eat at a table.
    B. They eat their meals regularly and punctually .
    C. They consume plenty of cereal for breakfast .
    D. They attach great importance to their meals.

49. 大多数健康饮食文化中的人们有什么共同之处？
A.他们让全家人在一张桌子上吃饭。
B.他们定时吃饭。
C.他们早餐吃很多麦片。
D.他们非常重视他们的饮食。

49.【定位】由题干中的most healthy eating cultures 定位到第五段。

D【 精析】细节辨认题。第五段提到，很多其他的健康饮食文化也会把吃饭视为一件大事。比如，在家庭餐桌上吃上几道菜，或者在一顿漫长的午餐中喝一两杯红酒，而不是匆忙地在厨房水槽旁狼吞虎咽地吃下几把麦片，然后称之为晚餐。也就是很重视每一餐的质量，故答案为 D。

【避错】A、B、C三项均与文章的个别词汇有相关之处，但并不是概括性的共同特点，故排除。

2022-12-01-50.—细节辨认题—难—定位难，定位词分散在最后一段，虽然最后一个问题往往就是对应最后一段—选项同义替换简单“all walk way more than”替换为“do considerably more walking”

2022-12-01-50.—第一：通过“healthy societies”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项B；第三：找同义替换，选项B“more walking”替换原文的“walk way more than …”

50. Compared with the average American, people in healthy societies ____ .【原文：Each of the healthy eating cultures has its own unique feature. But Pasternak did take note of one unifying factor in all of the healthy societies he observed. “The only overlapping feature in most of these healthy countries is that they all walk way more than the average American,” said Pasternak.】
    A. walk at least 4 miles a day
    B. do considerably more walking
    C. pay more attention to body shape
    D. consume a lot more organic food

50. 与普通美国人相比，健康社会的人____。
A.每天至少步行4英里
B.多走路
C.多注意体型
D.食用更多的有机食品

50.【定位】由题干中的people in healthy societies定位到最后一段第二、三句。

B【 精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，帕斯捷尔纳克 确实注意到，在他观察的所有健康社会中，有一个统一的因素。“在这些健康国家中，唯一的共同点是他们走路的时间都比一般美国人走路时间多。” 故答案为B。

【避错】A 是根据最后一段的末句中“如果有人每 天比你多走4英里的路”设置的干扰项，因为是假设数据，所以排除A 。C 和 D 在文中并未提及， 故排除。

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

  Recognizing when a friend or colleague feels sad, angry or surprised is key to getting along with others. But a new study suggests that being sensitive to people’s feelings may sometimes come with an extra dose of stress. This and other research challenge the prevailing view that emotional intelligence is uniformly beneficial to its bearer.
  In a study, psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management in Germany asked 166 male university students a series of questions to measure their emotional intelligence. For example, they showed the students photographs of people’s faces and asked them to what extent feelings such as happiness or disgust were being expressed. The students then had to give job talks in front of judges who displayed serious facial expressions. The scientists measured concentrations of stress hormones in the students’ saliva (唾液) before and after the talk.
  In students who were rated more emotionally intelligent, the stress measures increased more during the experiment and took longer to go back to baseline.The findings suggest that some people maybe too emotionally clever for their own good, says Bechtoldt. “Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble,” she notes.
  Indeed, the study adds to previous research hinting at a dark side of emotional intelligence. A study published in 2002 in Personality and Individual Differences suggested that emotionally perceptive people might be particularly influenced by feelings of depression and hopelessness. Furthermore, several studies have implied that emotional intelligence can be used to manipulate others for personal gains.
  More research is needed to see how exactly the relation between emotional intelligence and stress would play out in women and in people of different ages and education levels. Nevertheless, emotional intelligence is a useful skill to have, as long as you learn to also properly cope with emotions—both others’ and your own, says Bechtoldt. For example, some sensitive individuals may assume responsibility for other people’s sadness or anger, which ultimately stresses them out. Remember, as Bechtoldt says, “you are not responsible for how other people feel.”

  能够意识到朋友、同事何时会感到忧伤、生气或惊讶是与人相处的关键。(51)但是一项新研究表明，对他人的感受过于敏感有时候也会让人平添一些额外的压力。这项研究以及其他的研究挑战了目前盛行的观点，即情商对其拥有者而言是完全有益的。
  (52) 德国的法兰克福金融管理学院的心理学家米利亚姆 · 贝赫托尔特在一项研究中询问了166名男学生一系列问题，来衡量他们的情商。 比如，他们向学生们展示了人们的脸部照片并询问学生他们在多大程度上表达了快乐或厌恶等情绪。接着学生们必须在面部表情凝重的评委面前进行求职演讲。科学家们在演讲前后分别测量了这些学生唾液中压力激素的浓度。
  对于那些情商更高的学生，在实验中其压力指标上涨更多，且需要更长的时间才能恢复到基准水平。
  (53) 贝赫托尔特认为，这些发现表明有些人可能在情感上过于聪明，而这对自己没有什么好处。“有时候你可能在某些方面太擅长以至于会带来麻烦。”她说。
  事实上，这项研究补充了之前的研究结论，暗示了情商的黑暗面。2002年发表在《个性与个体差异》上的一项研究表明，情绪敏感的人可能特别容易受到抑郁和绝望情绪的影响。(54)另外，一些研究也指出，情 商可以用来操纵他人以获得个人利益。
  我们需要更多的研究来了解情商和压力之间的确切关系在女性以及不同年龄和教育水平的人身上是如何发挥作用的。然而，贝赫托尔特说，情商是一项非常有用的技能，只要你能学会如何恰当地处理情绪——不仅是他人的情绪，也有你自己的情绪。比如，(55)一些敏感的人也许会为他人的悲伤或气愤承担责任，最终让自己压力重重。记住，正如贝赫托尔特所说：“你不必为别人的感受负责。”

2022-12-01-51.—细节辨认题—易—A,B或者C,D必出一个答案，定位句关键词“people”“stress”，秒选C

2022-12-01-51.—第一：通过“new study”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项ABC；第三：找同义替换，选项C“more”替换原文的“extra dose of”

51. What is the finding of the new study?【原文： But a new study suggests that being sensitive to people’s feelings may sometimes come with an extra dose of stress. This and other research challenge the prevailing view that emotional intelligence is uniformly beneficial to its bearer.】
    A. Emotional intelligence helps people get along with others .
    B. Emotional intelligence is generally beneficial to its bearer.
    C. People who are aware of others’ feelings may experience more stress.
    D. People who are emotionally stressed may have trouble making friends .

51. 这项新研究的发现是什么？
A.情商帮助人们与他人相处。
B.情商通常对其持有者是有益的。
C.知道别人感受的人可能会感受到更多的压力。
D.情绪紧张的人可能很难交到朋友。

51.【定位】由题干中的the finding of the new study 定位到第一段第二句。

C 【精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，一项新研究表明，对他人的感受过于敏感有时候也会让人平添一些额外的压力。故答案为C。

【避错】虽然第一段首句提到，能够意识到朋友、同事何时会感到忧伤、生气或惊讶是与人相处的关键，但这并非是新研究的发现，故排除A。
第 一 段最后一句提到，这项研究以及其他的研究挑战了目前盛行的观点，即情商对其拥有者而言是完全有益的，因此 B是之前研究的结论，故排除。 D 在文中并未提及，故排除。

2022-12-01-52.—推理判断题—难—关键字“emotional”出现B,D，而且D还有两个关键字，强干扰项，关键在于读懂“measure是衡量的意思”，而不是“identify区分”

2022-12-01-52.—第一：通过“psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项BD；第三：找同义替换，不好找

52. What was the purpose of psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt’s experiment?【原文：In a study, psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt of the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management in Germany asked 166 male university students a series of questions to measure their emotional intelligence.】
    A. To define different types of human feelings.
    B. To assess the impacts of being emotionally clever.
    C. To demonstrate how to distinguish different feelings.
    D. To identify gender differences in emotional intelligence.

52. 心理学家Myriam Bechtoldt的实验目的是什么？
A.定义不同类型的人类情感。
B.评估情商高的影响。
C.演示如何区分不同的感觉。
D.确定情商的性别差异。

52.【定位】 由题干中的 purpose 和 psychologist Myriam Bechtoldt’s experiment 定位到第二段第一句。

B【精析】推理判断题。定位句提到，心理学家米利亚姆 · 贝赫托尔特在一项研究中询问了166名男学生一系列问题，来衡量他们的情商。第二段也提到，科学家们在演讲前后分别测量了这些学生唾液中压力激素的浓度。综合以上信息可以推断，实验的目的是评估情商的影响，故答案为 B。

【避错】A 和 C 在文中均未提及，故排除。虽然在文中最后一段第一句提到，我们需要更多的研究来了解情商和压力之间的确切关系在女性以及不同年龄和教育水平的人身上是如何发挥作用的，但这不是心理学家米利亚姆实验的内容，故排除D。

2022-12-01-53.—细节辨认题—易—“too emotionally clever”替换为“high emotional intelligence”

2022-12-01-53.—第一：通过“The findings suggest that”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项AD；第三：找同义替换，选项D的“high”替换原文的“too”

53. What does the finding of Myriam Bechtoldt’s study indicate?【原文：The findings suggest that some people maybe too emotionally clever for their own good, says Bechtoldt. “Sometimes you can be so good at something that it causes trouble,” she notes.】
    A. Greater emotional cleverness means less trouble in one’s life.
    B. Emotional intelligence helps people succeed in job interviews.
    C. People’s psychological wellbeing is related to various factors.
    D. People may suffer from having a high emotional intelligence.

53. Myriam Bechtoldt的研究表明了什么？
A.情感上更聪明意味着生活中的麻烦更少。
B.情商帮助人们在求职面试中取得成功。
C.人的心理健康与多种因素有关。
D.人们可能因为高情商而受苦。

53.【定位】 由题干中的 the finding of Myriam Bechtoldt’s study 定位到第三段第二、三句。

D【 精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，贝赫托尔特认为，这些发现表明有些人可能在情感上过于聪明， 而这对自己没有什么好处；有时候你可能在某些方面太擅长以至于也会带来麻烦。故答案为D。

【避错】A 和 C 在文中均未提及，故排除。第二段提到了让学生们在面部表情凝重的评委面前进行求职演讲，但这只是实验的过程并不是结论，故排除 B。

2022-12-01-54.—细节辨认题—难—定位难，“a number of studies”替换为“several studies”

2022-12-01-54.—第一：通过“studies”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项D，但不对；第三：找同义替换，不好找

54. What do we learn about emotional intelligence from a number of studies?【原文：A study published in 2002 in Personality and Individual Differences suggested that emotionally perceptive people might be particularly influenced by feelings of depression and hopelessness. Furthermore, several studies have implied that emotional intelligence can be used to manipulate others for personal gains.】
    A. People suffering from depression are emotionally immature.
    B. People who look at the dark side of life often feel depressed.
    C. Some people may take advantage of it and benefit themselves.
    D. Some people may lack it and are easily manipulated by others.

54. 从一系列的研究中，我们对情商有什么了解？
A.患有抑郁症的人在情感上不成熟。
B.看到生活黑暗面的人常常感到沮丧。
C.有些人可能会利用它来为自己谋利。
D.有些人可能缺乏这种能力，很容易被别人操纵。

54.【定位】由题干中的a number of studies定位到第四段最后一句。
C 【 精析】细节辨认题。定位句指出，一些研究也指出，情商可以用来操纵他人以获得个人利益，故答案为C。

【避错】由定位句可知，有情商的人可以操控别人，但并不意味着缺少它的人就容易被别人操控，故排除D 。A 和 B 在文中并未提及，故排除。

2022-12-01-55.—细节辨认题—题文同序—需要读懂定位句的意思（不难读懂），就能推出是选项A

2022-12-01-55.—第一：通过“sensitive individuals”定位；第二：找原词复现，选项AC；第三：找同义替换，选项A的“avoid”替换原文的“not responsible”

55. What does the author suggest sensitive individuals do?【原文： some sensitive individuals may assume responsibility for other people’s sadness or anger, which ultimately stresses them out. Remember, as Bechtoldt says, “you are not responsible for how other people feel.”】
    A. Avoid burdening themselves with others’ feelings.
    B. Rid themselves of worries over worldly affairs.
    C. Learn to cope with people’s negative feelings.
    D. Help people to deal with their troubles in life.

55. 作者建议敏感的人做什么？
A.避免让别人的感受成为自己的负担。
B.摆脱对世俗事务的担忧。
C.学会处理别人的消极情绪。
D.帮助人们处理生活中的烦恼。

55.【定位】 由题干中的 the author 和 sensitive individuals定位到最后一段最后两句。
A【 精析】细节辨认题。由定位句可知， 一些敏感的人也许会为他人的悲伤或气愤承担责任，最终让自己压力重重。作者用贝赫托尔特的话对敏感的人提出了建议，即不必对他人的感受负责，故答案 为 A。

【避错】最后一段中虽然提及要学会恰当地处理他人和自己的情绪，但文章并未指明是负面情绪，故排除C。

B 和 D 在文中均未提及，故排除。

Part IV Translation ( 30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate apassage from Chinese into English. You should writeyour answer on Answer Sheet 2.

  在中国农历中，立秋(Start of Autumn)意味着夏天的结束和秋天的开始。立秋带来的首先是天气的变化，气温逐渐下降。人们看到树叶开始变黄飘落时，知道秋天已经来临，这就是所谓的“ 一叶知秋”。但此时酷热的天气并未完全结束，高温通常还会持续一段时间，被称为“秋老虎”。立秋对农民意义重大，这时各种秋季作物迅速生长、开始成熟，收获的季节即将到来。