Linux Kernel调度管理之idle进程框架

swapper进程，即idle进程，其主体是cpu_idle_loop

/*
 * Generic idle loop implementation
 *
 * Called with polling cleared.
 */
static void cpu_idle_loop(void)
{
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();


       while (1) {
		/*
		 * If the arch has a polling bit, we maintain an invariant:
		 *
		 * Our polling bit is clear if we're not scheduled (i.e. if
		 * rq->curr != rq->idle).  This means that, if rq->idle has
		 * the polling bit set, then setting need_resched is
		 * guaranteed to cause the cpu to reschedule.
		 */


		__current_set_polling();
		quiet_vmstat();
		tick_nohz_idle_enter();


		while (!need_resched()) {
			check_pgt_cache();
			rmb();


			if (cpu_is_offline(cpu)) {
				cpuhp_report_idle_dead();
				arch_cpu_idle_dead();
			}


			local_irq_disable();
			arch_cpu_idle_enter();


			/*
			 * In poll mode we reenable interrupts and spin.
			 *
			 * Also if we detected in the wakeup from idle
			 * path that the tick broadcast device expired
			 * for us, we don't want to go deep idle as we
			 * know that the IPI is going to arrive right
			 * away
			 */下面这个是调用体系相关的睡眠代码
			if (cpu_idle_force_poll || tick_check_broadcast_expired())
				cpu_idle_poll();
			else
				cpuidle_idle_call();


			arch_cpu_idle_exit();
		}


		/*
		 * Since we fell out of the loop above, we know
		 * TIF_NEED_RESCHED must be set, propagate it into
		 * PREEMPT_NEED_RESCHED.
		 *
		 * This is required because for polling idle loops we will
		 * not have had an IPI to fold the state for us.
		 */
		preempt_set_need_resched();
		tick_nohz_idle_exit();
		__current_clr_polling();


		/*
		 * We promise to call sched_ttwu_pending and reschedule
		 * if need_resched is set while polling is set.  That
		 * means that clearing polling needs to be visible
		 * before doing these things.
		 */
		smp_mb__after_atomic();


		sched_ttwu_pending();
		schedule_preempt_disabled();
	}
}

开机后，通过下面方式进入idle：

start_kernel --> rest_init --> cpu_startup_entry
void cpu_startup_entry(enum cpuhp_state state)
{
	/*
	 * This #ifdef needs to die, but it's too late in the cycle to
	 * make this generic (arm and sh have never invoked the canary
	 * init for the non boot cpus!). Will be fixed in 3.11
	 */
#ifdef CONFIG_X86
	/*
	 * If we're the non-boot CPU, nothing set the stack canary up
	 * for us. The boot CPU already has it initialized but no harm
	 * in doing it again. This is a good place for updating it, as
	 * we wont ever return from this function (so the invalid
	 * canaries already on the stack wont ever trigger).
	 */
	boot_init_stack_canary();
#endif
	arch_cpu_idle_prepare();
	cpuhp_online_idle(state);
	cpu_idle_loop();
}