无法打开包括文件: “libxml/xpath.h”: No such file or directory

windows环境下安装ppython的各种包都报错，很简单的包也报错

 

 

C:\WINDOWS\system32>pip install labelImg -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

Collecting labelImg

  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/c5/fb/9947097363fbbfde3921f7cf7ce9800c89f909d26a506145aec37c75cda7/labelImg-1.8.6.tar.gz (247 kB)

  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done

Requirement already satisfied: pyqt5 in e:\programs\python\python311\lib\site-packages (from labelImg) (5.15.7)

Collecting lxml

  Using cached https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/70/bb/7a2c7b4f8f434aa1ee801704bf08f1e53d7b5feba3d5313ab17003477808/lxml-4.9.1.tar.gz (3.4 MB)

  Preparing metadata (setup.py) ... done

Requirement already satisfied: PyQt5-sip<13,>=12.11 in e:\programs\python\python311\lib\site-packages (from pyqt5->labelImg) (12.11.0)

Requirement already satisfied: PyQt5-Qt5>=5.15.0 in e:\programs\python\python311\lib\site-packages (from pyqt5->labelImg) (5.15.2)

Installing collected packages: lxml, labelImg

  DEPRECATION: lxml is being installed using the legacy 'setup.py install' method, because it does not have a 'pyproject.toml' and the 'wheel' package is not installed. pip 23.1 will enforce this behaviour change. A possible replacement is to enable the '--use-pep517' option. Discussion can be found at https://github.com/pypa/pip/issues/8559

  Running setup.py install for lxml ... error

  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Running setup.py install for lxml did not run successfully.

  │ exit code: 1

  ╰─> [96 lines of output]

      Building lxml version 4.9.1.

      Building without Cython.

      Building against pre-built libxml2 andl libxslt libraries

      running install

      E:\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\command\install.py:34: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: setup.py install is deprecated. Use build and pip and other standards-based tools.

        warnings.warn(

      running build

      running build_py

      creating build

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\builder.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\cssselect.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\doctestcompare.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\ElementInclude.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\pyclasslookup.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\sax.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\usedoctest.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\_elementpath.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\builder.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\clean.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\defs.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\diff.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\ElementSoup.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\formfill.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\html5parser.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\soupparser.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\usedoctest.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\_diffcommand.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\_html5builder.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\_setmixin.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      copying src\lxml\html\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\html

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\__init__.py -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron

      copying src\lxml\etree.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\etree_api.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\lxml.etree.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\lxml.etree_api.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml

      copying src\lxml\includes\c14n.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\config.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\dtdvalid.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\etreepublic.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\htmlparser.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\relaxng.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\schematron.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\tree.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\uri.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xinclude.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xmlerror.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xmlparser.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xmlschema.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xpath.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\xslt.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\__init__.pxd -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\etree_defs.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      copying src\lxml\includes\lxml-version.h -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\includes

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng\iso-schematron.rng -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\rng

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\RNG2Schtrn.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\XSD2Schtrn.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl

      creating build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_abstract_expand.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_dsdl_include.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_schematron_message.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_schematron_skeleton_for_xslt1.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\iso_svrl_for_xslt1.xsl -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      copying src\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1\readme.txt -> build\lib.win-amd64-cpython-311\lxml\isoschematron\resources\xsl\iso-schematron-xslt1

      running build_ext

      building 'lxml.etree' extension

      creating build\temp.win-amd64-cpython-311

      creating build\temp.win-amd64-cpython-311\Release

      creating build\temp.win-amd64-cpython-311\Release\src

      creating build\temp.win-amd64-cpython-311\Release\src\lxml

      "E:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe" /c /nologo /O2 /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -DCYTHON_CLINE_IN_TRACEBACK=0 -Isrc -Isrc\lxml\includes -IE:\Programs\Python\Python311\include -IE:\Programs\Python\Python311\Include "-IE:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\ATLMFC\include" "-IE:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\include" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\NETFXSDK\4.8\include\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22000.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\cppwinrt" /Tcsrc\lxml\etree.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-cpython-311\Release\src\lxml\etree.obj -w

      cl: 命令行 warning D9025 :正在重写“/W3”(用“/w”)

      etree.c

      C:\Users\dahuzi\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-5oowymto\lxml_bd09726711c7444ea06100fdd6f4e5b9\src\lxml\includes/etree_defs.h(14): fatal error C1083: 无法打开包括文件: “libxml/xmlversion.h”: No such file or directory

      Compile failed: command 'E:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2022\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.32.31326\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2

      creating Users

      creating Users\DAHUZI~1

      creating Users\DAHUZI~1\AppData

      creating Users\DAHUZI~1\AppData\Local

      creating Users\DAHUZI~1\AppData\Local\Temp

      "E:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\bin\HostX86\x64\cl.exe" /c /nologo /O2 /W3 /GL /DNDEBUG /MD -I/usr/include/libxml2 "-IE:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\ATLMFC\include" "-IE:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.32.31326\include" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\NETFXSDK\4.8\include\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\include\10.0.22000.0\ucrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\shared" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\um" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\winrt" "-IC:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\\include\10.0.22000.0\\cppwinrt" /TcC:\Users\DAHUZI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\xmlXPathInitz85fecxg.c /FoUsers\DAHUZI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\xmlXPathInitz85fecxg.obj

      xmlXPathInitz85fecxg.c

      C:\Users\DAHUZI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\xmlXPathInitz85fecxg.c(1): fatal error C1083: 无法打开包括文件: “libxml/xpath.h”: No such file or directory

      *********************************************************************************

      Could not find function xmlCheckVersion in library libxml2. Is libxml2 installed?

      *********************************************************************************

      error: command 'E:\\Program Files\\Microsoft Visual Studio\\2022\\Community\\VC\\Tools\\MSVC\\14.32.31326\\bin\\HostX86\\x64\\cl.exe' failed with exit code 2

      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.

error: legacy-install-failure

× Encountered error while trying to install package.

╰─> lxml

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.

hint: See above for output from the failure.

C:\WINDOWS\system32>

网上查了很多案例

1、装c++的桌面开发环境——>失败！！！

2、设置cl文件——>失败！！！

3、从vc的目录下拷stdint.h文件的方法——>失败！！！

然后又找了一台电脑测试，发现是python版本的问题

比对发现两个版本的目录结构不一样

解决办法

然后卸载了高版本的python==3.11，重新安装了低版本的python==3.9.12就可以了，不用装任何插件就能顺利安装。