opencv-腐蚀和膨胀

两个基本的形态学操作：腐蚀和膨胀！其作用如下所述：

1.去除噪声

2.孤立图像中的元素，向图像中添加独立的元素

3.查找图像中的强度空洞

实现代码如下：

#include "opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp"
#include "opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp"
#include "highgui.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace cv;

//全局变量
Mat src, erosion_dst, dilation_dst;

int erosion_elem = 0;
int erosion_size = 0;
int dilation_elem = 0;
int dilation_size = 0;
int const max_elem = 2;
int const max_kernel_size = 21;

//函数头声明
void Erosion( int, void* );
void Dilation( int, void* );

int main( int argc, char** argv )
{
  //加载图像
  src = imread( argv[1] );
  if( !src.data )
    { return -1; }

  //创建显示窗口
  namedWindow( "Erosion Demo", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
  namedWindow( "Dilation Demo", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
  cvMoveWindow( "Dilation Demo", src.cols, 0 );


  //创建腐蚀跟踪条
  createTrackbar( "Element:\n 0: Rect \n 1: Cross \n 2: Ellipse", "Erosion Demo", &erosion_elem, max_elem,Erosion );
  createTrackbar( "Kernel size:\n 2n +1", "Erosion Demo",  &erosion_size, max_kernel_size, Erosion );


  //创建膨胀跟踪条
  createTrackbar( "Element:\n 0: Rect \n 1: Cross \n 2: Ellipse", "Dilation Demo", &dilation_elem, max_elem, Dilation );
  createTrackbar( "Kernel size:\n 2n +1", "Dilation Demo",&dilation_size, max_kernel_size,Dilation );

  //默认重置开始
  Erosion( 0, 0 );
  Dilation( 0, 0 );

  waitKey(0);
  return 0;
}

//腐蚀函数
void Erosion( int, void* )
{
  int erosion_type;
  if( erosion_elem == 0 ){ erosion_type = MORPH_RECT; }//长方形
  else if( erosion_elem == 1 ){ erosion_type = MORPH_CROSS; }//十字形
  else if( erosion_elem == 2) { erosion_type = MORPH_ELLIPSE;}//椭圆

  //erosin_type腐蚀类型，size处理核窗口大小，point锚点，即定位处理像素点
  Mat element = getStructuringElement( erosion_type,Size( 2*erosion_size + 1, 2*erosion_size+1 ), Point( erosion_size, erosion_size ) );
  
  //应用腐蚀操作element默认使用3*3的处理核窗口
  erode( src, erosion_dst, element );
  imshow( "Erosion Demo", erosion_dst );
}

//膨胀函数
void Dilation( int, void* )
{
  int dilation_type;
  if( dilation_elem == 0 ){ dilation_type = MORPH_RECT; }
  else if( dilation_elem == 1 ){ dilation_type = MORPH_CROSS; }
  else if( dilation_elem == 2) { dilation_type = MORPH_ELLIPSE; }

  Mat element = getStructuringElement( dilation_type,Size( 2*dilation_size + 1, 2*dilation_size+1 ), Point( dilation_size, dilation_size ) );
  //应用膨胀操作
  dilate( src, dilation_dst, element );
  imshow( "Dilation Demo", dilation_dst );
}