C++中的虚函数表指针(dog,cat)

 

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
class Canimal{
protected:
    string mname;
public: 
    Canimal(string name):mname(name){ }
    virtual void bark()=0;
};

class dog:public Canimal
{ public:
     dog(string name):Canimal(name){};
     void bark()
    {	cout<<mname<<":"<<"wang wang wang"<<endl;}
   		
};
class cat:public Canimal
{ public:
	cat(string name):Canimal(name){}
	void bark()
	{  cout<<mname<<":"<<"miao miao miao"<<endl; }
};

int main()
{  Canimal *s1=new dog("dog");
   Canimal *s2=new cat("cat");
    s1->bark();
    s2->bark();
}

 

#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Canimal
{
protected:
    string mname;
public:
    Canimal(string name):mname(name){}
    virtual void bark()  =0;
};

class dog:public Canimal
{
public:
    dog(string name):Canimal(name){};
    void bark()
    {
        cout<<mname<<":"<<"wang wang awng "<<endl;
    }
};
class cat:public Canimal
{
public:
    cat(string name):Canimal(name){}
    void bark()
    {
        cout<<mname<<":"<<"miao miao miao "<<endl;
    }

};
int main()
{
    Canimal *s1 = new dog("dog"); 
    Canimal *s2 = new cat("cat"); 
///
    int *p11 =(int*)s1;
    int*p22 = (int*)s2;
    int tep = *p11;
    *p11 =* p22;
    *p22= tep;
/

    s1->bark();
    s2->bark();
    return 0;
}

dog:miao miao miao
cat:wang wang awng
请按任意键继续…

如果没有main()里的那组交换代码，即///包含的部分，输出结果是正常的，

dog:wang wang wang
cat:miao miao miao ，加上交换，就变了。
因为，交换的是类对象的前四个字节，而前四个字节存放的是vfptr（虚函数表指针），于是调用dog的bark()查询的是cat的虚函数表，于是调用的是cat的bark(); 调用cat的bark是，查询的是dog 虚函数表，于是就调用了dog的bark于是结果：
dog:miao miao miao
cat:wang wang wang