cvCalcEMD2() 直方图匹配

也是直方图匹配的一种形式

函数原型：

CVAPI(float)  cvCalcEMD2( const CvArr* signature1,
                          const CvArr* signature2,
                          int distance_type,
                          CvDistanceFunction distance_func CV_DEFAULT(NULL),
                          const CvArr* cost_matrix CV_DEFAULT(NULL),
                          CvArr* flow CV_DEFAULT(NULL),
                          float* lower_bound CV_DEFAULT(NULL),
                          void* userdata CV_DEFAULT(NULL));

可以轻量化地调用这个函数：

CVAPI(float)  cvCalcEMD2( const CvArr* signature1,
                          const CvArr* signature2,
                          int distance_type);

需要将图像先转换成两个矩阵再进行匹配对比

测试图像（骨灰级找茬图像）：

        

程序代码：

#include <highgui.h>
#include<cv.h> 
#include <opencv2/legacy/legacy.hpp>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	IplImage *src1 = cvLoadImage("test1.jpg");
	IplImage *b_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src1),8,1);
	IplImage *g_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src1),8,1);
	IplImage *r_plane_1 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src1),8,1);
	IplImage *planes1[]={b_plane_1,g_plane_1,r_plane_1};
	cvSplit(src1,b_plane_1,g_plane_1,r_plane_1,0);
	cvNamedWindow("src1",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);  
	cvShowImage("src1",src1);  

	IplImage *src2 = cvLoadImage("test2.jpg");
	IplImage *b_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src2),8,1);
	IplImage *g_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src2),8,1);
	IplImage *r_plane_2 = cvCreateImage(cvGetSize(src2),8,1);
	IplImage *planes2[]={b_plane_2,g_plane_2,r_plane_2};
	cvSplit(src2,b_plane_2,g_plane_2,r_plane_2,0);
	cvNamedWindow("src2",CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);  
	cvShowImage("src2",src2);  

	int h_bins=16,s_bins=16;
	CvHistogram *hist1,*hist2;
	int size[]={h_bins,s_bins};
	float h_ranges[]={0,255};
	float s_ranges[]={0,255};
	float *ranges[]={h_ranges,s_ranges};

	hist1=cvCreateHist(2,size,CV_HIST_ARRAY,ranges,1);
	cvCalcHist(planes1,hist1,0,0);
	cvNormalizeHist(hist1,1.0);//归一化
	hist2=cvCreateHist(2,size,CV_HIST_ARRAY,ranges,1);
	cvCalcHist(planes2,hist2,0,0);
	cvNormalizeHist(hist2,1.0);//归一化

	CvMat *sig1,*sig2;
	int numrows=h_bins*s_bins;
	sig1=cvCreateMat(numrows,3,CV_32FC1);
	sig2=cvCreateMat(numrows,3,CV_32FC1);
	for(int h=0;h<h_bins;h++)
	{
		for(int s=0;s<s_bins;s++)
		{
			float bin_val=cvQueryHistValue_2D(hist1,h,s);
			cvSet2D(sig1,h*s_bins+s,0,cvScalar(bin_val));
			cvSet2D(sig1,h*s_bins+s,1,cvScalar(h));
			cvSet2D(sig1,h*s_bins+s,2,cvScalar(s));
			bin_val=cvQueryHistValue_2D(hist2,h,s);
			cvSet2D(sig2,h*s_bins+s,0,cvScalar(bin_val));
			cvSet2D(sig2,h*s_bins+s,1,cvScalar(h));
			cvSet2D(sig2,h*s_bins+s,2,cvScalar(s));
		}
	}

	printf("EMD : %.4f\n",cvCalcEMD2(sig1,sig2,CV_DIST_L2));
	printf("CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA : %.4f\n",cvCompareHist(hist1,hist2,CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA)); 

	cvWaitKey(0);
	cvDestroyAllWindows();
	cvReleaseImage(&src1);	cvReleaseImage(&src2);
	cvReleaseImage(&b_plane_1);	cvReleaseImage(&g_plane_1);	cvReleaseImage(&r_plane_1);	
	cvReleaseImage(&b_plane_2);	cvReleaseImage(&g_plane_2);	cvReleaseImage(&r_plane_2);	

	return 0;
}

运行结果（EMD和CV_COMP_BHATTACHARYYA对比）：