openGL学习笔记二十八： 环境纹理

  环境纹理： 比如镜子反射周围环境。

	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S);  //启用纹理环境 x方向
	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);  //启用纹理环境 y方向
	glTexGeni(GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_SPHERE_MAP); //指定纹理环境的参数 GL_SPHERE_MAP：球形映射
	glTexGeni(GL_T, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_SPHERE_MAP);

代码如下：

//顶点数据
struct Vertex {
	float x, y, z;
	float u, v;
};

//纹理ID
GLuint  _texture1;
GLUquadricObj *quadratic;

float   _textureV =   0;;

static unsigned createTexture(int w, int h, const void* data) {
	unsigned    texId;
	glGenTextures(1, &texId);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texId);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_MIRRORED_REPEAT);
	glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_REPEAT);

	glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, w, h, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, data);
	return  texId;
}

/**
*   使用FreeImage加载图片
*/
static unsigned createTextureFromImage(const char* fileName) {
	//1 获取图片格式
	FREE_IMAGE_FORMAT fifmt = FreeImage_GetFileType(fileName, 0);
	if(fifmt == FIF_UNKNOWN) {
		return  0;
	}
	//2 加载图片
	FIBITMAP    *dib = FreeImage_Load(fifmt, fileName, 0);

	FREE_IMAGE_COLOR_TYPE type    =   FreeImage_GetColorType(dib);

	//! 获取数据指针
	FIBITMAP*   temp    =   dib;
	dib =   FreeImage_ConvertTo32Bits(dib);
	FreeImage_Unload(temp);

	BYTE*   pixels =   (BYTE*)FreeImage_GetBits(dib);
	int     width   =   FreeImage_GetWidth(dib);
	int     height  =   FreeImage_GetHeight(dib);

	for(int i = 0; i < width * height * 4; i+=4) {
		BYTE temp       =   pixels[i];
		pixels[i]       =   pixels[i + 2];
		pixels[i + 2]   =   temp;
	}

	unsigned    res =   createTexture(width, height, pixels);
	FreeImage_Unload(dib);
	return      res;
}

static void onInit() {
	_texture1   =   createTextureFromImage("../res/1.jpg");
	quadratic   =   gluNewQuadric();  //建立一个球
	gluQuadricNormals(quadratic, GLU_SMOOTH); //建立法线
	gluQuadricTexture(quadratic, GL_TRUE); //建立纹理坐标

	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_S);  //启用纹理环境 x方向
	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_GEN_T);  //启用纹理环境 y方向

	//#define GL_EYE_LINEAR 0x2400  ：眼睛线性映射
	//#define GL_OBJECT_LINEAR 0x2401  ：目标 线性映射
	//#define GL_SPHERE_MAP 0x2402   ：球形映射
	glTexGeni(GL_S, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_SPHERE_MAP); //指定纹理环境的参数 GL_SPHERE_MAP：球形映射
	glTexGeni(GL_T, GL_TEXTURE_GEN_MODE, GL_SPHERE_MAP);
}

static void onDestory() {
	// glDeleteTextures (GLsizei n, const GLuint *textures);
	// n 表示销毁几个纹理
	// 纹理id数据所在数组位置
	glDeleteTextures(1, &_texture1);
}

// 绘制
static void render(GLFWwindow * window) {

	glClearColor(0, 0, 0, 1);
	glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);
	glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
	glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, _texture1);


	glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
	glLoadIdentity();
	glTranslatef(0, 0, -5);

	gluSphere(quadratic, 1.3f, 32, 32); //绘制球

	glfwSwapBuffers(window);
	glfwPollEvents();
}

运行结果：