利用VTK构造球形（表面）点云

vtkPointSource用于在球体内产生指定数量的点，用户可以指定球的半径和球心位置。默认情况下，产生的点随机分布于球内，也可以产生随机分布于球表面的点云。

#include <vtkPointSource.h>
#include <vtkExtractSelection.h>
#include <vtkPolyData.h>
#include <vtkSelectionNode.h> // for POINT and INDICES enum values
#include <vtkSelectionSource.h>
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkSimplePointsReader.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include "vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera.h"


int main(int, char *[])
{
	// Note - this generates 50 points and a single poly-vertex cell.
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPointSource> pointSource = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPointSource>::New();
	pointSource->SetNumberOfPoints(1000);//设置点的个数
	pointSource->SetCenter(0,0,0);//设置球心
	pointSource->SetRadius(15.0); //设置半径
	pointSource->SetDistributionToShell();//该模式为随机产生的点在球的表面，SetDistributionToUniform()这种模式随机产生的点在球的内部
	pointSource->Update();

	//输出PolyData的坐标
	vtkPolyData* polydata = pointSource->GetOutput();
	// Write all of the coordinates of the points in the vtkPolyData to the console.
	for(vtkIdType i = 0; i < polydata->GetNumberOfPoints(); i++)
	{
		double p[3];
		polydata->GetPoint(i,p);
		// This is identical to:
		// polydata->GetPoints()->GetPoint(i,p);
		std::cout << "Point " << i << " : (" << p[0] << " " << p[1] << " " << p[2] << ")" << std::endl;
	}


	// Visualize
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
	mapper->SetInputConnection(pointSource->GetOutputPort());

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> actor =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor>::New();
	actor->SetMapper(mapper);
	actor->GetProperty()->SetPointSize(4);

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> renderer =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
	renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer);
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
	renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);

	vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera * style = vtkInteractorStyleTrackballCamera::New();
	renderWindowInteractor->SetInteractorStyle(style);

	renderer->AddActor(actor);
	renderer->SetBackground(.3, .6, .3); // Background color green

	renderWindow->Render();
	renderWindowInteractor->Start();

	style->Delete();

	

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

效果图：