CocosCreator开发笔记(8)-读取和解析JSON数据文件
Box2D C++ 三种作用力效果 ApplyForce、ApplyLinearImpulse、SetLinearVelocity
stick-arrow示例展示了如何动态发射刚体飞往目标点。
技术点
1、触摸屏幕发射刚体,计算起点和目标点的夹角,设置刚体的线性速度。
2、在Update中不断施加一个作用力到刚体尾部,使它能一直往目标点飞去。
3、在碰撞上后,动态计算并设置WeldJoint的属性,使刚体和碰撞体按一定角度连接起来,不致于自然掉落。
源码分析
arrow.js
arrow.js代码功能是处理碰撞之后的逻辑,主要是动态计算和设置WeldJoint关节的属性。
cc.Class({
extends: cc.Component,
properties: {
},
// LIFE-CYCLE CALLBACKS:
onLoad () {
this.weldJoint = this.getComponent(cc.WeldJoint);
},
// 每次处理完碰撞体接触逻辑时被调用
onPostSolve: function(contact, selfCollider, otherCollider) {
// 获取冲量信息 注意:这个信息只有在 onPostSolve 回调中才能获取到
var impulse = contact.getImpulse();
// normalImpulses: 法线方向的冲量
// PTM_RATIO: 物理单位与像素单位互相转换的比率,一般是 32。
if (Math.abs(impulse.normalImpulses[0]) < cc.PhysicsManager.PTM_RATIO) return;
let joint = this.weldJoint;
if (joint.enabled) {
joint.enabled = false;
return;
}
if (otherCollider.node.name === 'arrow') {
return;
}
let arrowBody = selfCollider.body;
let targetBody = otherCollider.body;
// 将 arrowBody 本地坐标系下的点转换为世界坐标系下的点
let worldCoordsAnchorPoint = arrowBody.getWorldPoint(cc.v2(0.6, 0));
joint.connectedBody = targetBody;
// 将给定的世界坐标系下的点转换为 arrowBody 本地坐标系下的点
joint.anchor = arrowBody.getLocalPoint(worldCoordsAnchorPoint);
// 将给定的世界坐标系下的点转换为 targetBody 本地坐标系下的点
joint.connectedAnchor = targetBody.getLocalPoint(worldCoordsAnchorPoint);
joint.referenceAngle = targetBody.node.rotation - arrowBody.node.rotation;
joint.enabled = true;
},
});
shoot-arrow.js
shoot-arrow.js代码功能是发射刚体,并在刚体飞行过程中不断计算和施加作用力。
cc.Class({
extends: cc.Component,
properties: {
arrow: {
type: cc.Node,
default: null
}
},
onEnabled: function() {
this.debugDrawFlags = cc.director.getPhysicsManager().debugDrawFlags;
cc.director.getPhysicsManager().debugDrawFlags =
cc.PhysicsManager.DrawBits.e_jointBit |
cc.PhysicsManager.DrawBits.e_shapeBit
;
},
onDisable: function() {
cc.director.getPhysicsManager().debugDrawFlags = this.debugDrawFlags;
},
// LIFE-CYCLE CALLBACKS:
onLoad () {
this.node.on(cc.Node.EventType.TOUCH_START, this.onTouchBegan, this);
this.arrowBodies = [];
},
onTouchBegan: function(event) {
let touchLoc = event.touch.getLocation();
let node = cc.instantiate(this.arrow);
node.active = true;
let vec = cc.v2(touchLoc).sub(node.position);
// 通过反正切函数得到触摸点和arrow出生点之间的夹角角度
// 乘以 180/3.14159 是为了把弧度转化为角度
node.rotation = -Math.atan2(vec.y, vec.x) * 180 / Math.PI;
cc.director.getScene().addChild(node);
// 返回向量的长度
let distance = vec.mag();
// 返回归一化后的向量,再乘以800
let velocity = vec.normalize().mulSelf(800);
// 设置刚体的线性速度
let arrowBody = node.getComponent(cc.RigidBody);
arrowBody.linearVelocity = velocity;
this.arrowBodies.push(arrowBody);
},
update: function (dt) {
let dragConstant = 0.1;
let arrowBodies = this.arrowBodies;
for (let i = 0; i < arrowBodies.length; i++) {
let arrowBody = arrowBodies[i];
let velocity = arrowBody.linearVelocity;
let speed = velocity.mag();
if (speed === 0) {
continue;
}
let direction = velocity.normalize();
// 将世界坐标系下的(1,0)向量转换为刚体本地坐标系下的向量
let pointingDirection = arrowBody.getWorldVector(cc.v2(1, 0));
let flightDirection = arrowBody.linearVelocity;
let flightSpeed = flightDirection.mag();
// 向量归一化,让这个向量的长度为 1
flightDirection.normalizeSelf();
// 向量之间进行点乘
let dot = cc.pDot(flightDirection, pointingDirection);
let dragForceMagnitude = (1 - Math.abs(dot)) * flightSpeed * flightSpeed * dragConstant * arrowBody.getMass();
// 得到arrowBody尾部的世界坐标
let arrowTailPosition = arrowBody.getWorldPoint(cc.v2(-80, 0));
// 施加一个力到arrowBody刚体的尾部(世界坐标系)
arrowBody.applyForce(flightDirection.mul(-dragForceMagnitude), arrowTailPosition, false);
}
},
});