1. MyBatis 简述
MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架,它支持普通 SQL 查询,存储过程和高级映射。MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生信息,将接口和 Java 的 POJOs(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的 Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。MyBatis官网
每个MyBatis应用程序主要都是使用SqlSessionFactory实例的,一个SqlSessionFactory实例可以通过SqlSessionFactoryBuilder获得。SqlSessionFactoryBuilder可以从一个xml配置文件或者一个预定义的配置类的实例获得。
MyBatis 最强大的特性之一就是它的动态语句功能。如果您以前有使用JDBC或者类似框架的经历,您就会明白把SQL语句条件连接在一起是多么的痛苦,要确保不能忘记空格或者不要在columns列后面省略一个逗号等。动态语句能够完全解决掉这些痛苦。尽管与动态SQL一起工作不是在开一个party,但是MyBatis确实能通过在任何映射SQL语句中。
2. MyBatis 简单项目搭建
Mybatis 开发环境搭建,选择: Eclipse,Maven,mysql 8.0.12, jdk 1.8,mybatis3.4.4。
2.1 创建工程如下
2.2 在pom.xml添加依赖的jar
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2.3 创建表user
CREATE TABLE `user` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`username` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`password` varchar(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
2.4 创建 Mybatis 配置文件mybatis_config.xml和jdbc.properties
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC
"-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="myuser" type="com.angelia.mybatis.model.User" />
<!-- 使用自动扫描的形式来定义别名,在User中使用@Alias("myuser")注解进行说明 -->
</typeAliases>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC" />
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<mapper resource="User.xml" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
username=root
password=root
2.5 创建实体类和映射文件
与数据库表对应的 User.java 类及其映射文件User.xml
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
// getters and setters
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.angelia.mybatis.dao.IUser">
<select id="getUserList" resultMap="com.angelia.mybatis.model.User">
SELECT * FROM USER
</select>
<select id="getUser" parameterType="int" resultType="com.angelia.mybatis.model.User">
SELECT * FROM USER WHERE id = #{id}
</select>
<insert id="insertUser" parameterType="myuser">
INSERT INTO USER(username, password)
VALUES(#{username}, #{password})
</insert>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="myuser">
UPDATE USER
SET username = #{username}, password = #{password}
WHERE id = #{id}
</update>
<delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
DELETE FROM USER WHERE id = #{id}
</delete>
</mapper>
2.6 创建MyBatisUtil获取session的工具类
public class MyBatisUtil {
private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
private static Reader reader;
static {
try {
reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis_config.xml");
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static SqlSessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
return sqlSessionFactory;
}
}
2.7 创建测试类
public class UserTest {
private SqlSession session;
private IUser userMapper;
@Before
public void before() {
session = MyBatisUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
// 获取Mapper
userMapper = session.getMapper(IUser.class);
}
@After
public void after() {
session.close();
}
@Test
public void test() {
User user = new User();
//user.setId(2);
user.setUsername("Beautiful Angelia");
user.setPassword("666666");
// 用户数据列表
//getUserList();
// 插入数据
insertUserTest(user);
// 更新用户
//updateUserTest(user);
// 删除数据
//deleteUserTest(4);
}
// 获取用户列表
public void getUserList() {
// 显示User信息
printUsers(userMapper.getUserList());
}
public void insertUserTest(User user) {
// 执行插入
userMapper.insertUser(user);
// 提交事务
session.commit();
// 显示插入之后User信息
System.out.println("After Insert User Test");
getUserList();
}
public void updateUserTest(User user) {
System.out.println("Before Insert User Test");
printUsers(userMapper.getUserList());
// 执行更新
userMapper.updateUser(user);
// 提交事务
session.commit();
// 显示更新之后User信息
System.out.println("After Update User Test");
printUsers(userMapper.getUserList());
}
// 删除用户信息
public void deleteUserTest(int userId) {
// 显示删除之前User信息
System.out.println("Before Delete User Test");
printUsers(userMapper.getUserList());
// 执行删除
userMapper.deleteUser(userId);
// 提交事务
session.commit();
// 显示删除之后User信息
System.out.println("After Delete User Test");
printUsers(userMapper.getUserList());
}
private void printUsers(final List<User> users) {
int count = 0;
for (User user : users) {
System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("=========== User[{0}]==============", ++count));
System.out.println("User Id: " + user.getId());
System.out.println("User Name: " + user.getUsername());
System.out.println("User Password: " + user.getPassword());
}
}
}
3. Mybatis接口注解
注解就是消灭类似于User.xml的配置文件。使代码更简单,更安全。
3.1 修改IUser,为每个操作添加注解
public interface IUser {
@Select("select * from user")
public List<User> getUserList();
@Select("select * from user where id= #{id}")
public User getUser(int id);
@Insert("insert into user(username, password) values(#{username}, #{password})")
public void insertUser(User user);
@Update("update user set username = #{username}, password = #{password} where id = #{id}")
public void updateUser(User user);
@Delete("delete from user where id = #{id}")
public void deleteUser(int id);
}
3.2 修改Mybatis 配置文件mybatis_config.xml
<mappers>
<!-- <mapper resource="User.xml" /> -->
</mappers>
3.3 修改UserTest,然后重新执行,和使用User.xml达到的效果一样。
public void before() {
//org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.angelia.mybatis.dao.IUser is not known to the MapperRegistry.
MyBatisUtil.getSessionFactory().getConfiguration().addMapper(IUser.class);
session = MyBatisUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
// 获取Mapper
userMapper = session.getMapper(IUser.class);
}