C++ Primer Plus第六版编程题（第6章）

题目

5.在Neutronia王国，货币单位是tvarp,收入所得税的计算方式如下：
5000 tvarps: 不收税
5001~15000 tvarps: 10%
15001~35000 tvarps: 15%
35000 tvarps 以上： 20%
例如，收入为38000 tvarps时，所得税为5000 * 0.00 + 10000 * 0.10 + 20000 * 0.15 + 3000 * 0.20，即4600 tvarps。请编写 一个程序，使用循环来要求用户输入收入，并报告所得税。当用户输入负数或非数字时，循环将结束。

6.编写一个程序，记录捐助给“维护合法权利团体”的资金。该程序要求用户输入捐献者数目，然后要求用户输入每一个捐献者的姓名和款项。这些信息被储存在一个动态分配的结构数组中。每个结构有两个成员：用来储存姓名的字符数组（或string对象）和用来储存款项的double成员。读取所有的数据后，程序将显示所有捐款超过10000的捐款者的姓名及其捐款数额。该列表前应包含一个标题，指出下面的捐款者是重要捐款人（Grand> Patrons)。然后，程序将列出其他的捐款者，该列表要以Patrons 开头。如果某种类别没有捐款者，则程序将打印单词“none”。该程序只显示这两种类别，而不进行排序。

7.编写一个程序，它每次读取一个单词，直到用户只输入q。然后，该程序指出有多少个单词以元音打头，有多少个单词以辅音打头，还有多少个单词不属于这两类。为此，方法之一是，使用isalpha()来区分以字母和其他字符打头的单词，然后对于通过了isalpha()测试的单词，使用if或switch语句来确定哪些以元音打头。该程序的运行情况如下：
Enter words (q to quit) :
The 12 awesome oxen ambled
quietly across 15 meters of lawn. q
5 words beginning with vowels
4 words beginning with consonants
2 others

8.编写一个程序，它打开一个文件，逐个字符的读取该文件，直到到达文件末尾，然后指出该文件包含多少个字符 。

9.完成编程练习6，但从文件中读取所需的信息。该文件的第一项应为捐款人数，余下的内容应为成对的行。在每一对中，第一行为捐款人姓名，第二行为捐款数额。即该文件类似于下面：
4
Sam Stone
2000
Freida Flass
100500
Tammy Tubbs
5000
Rich Raptor
55000

程序

6.1

#include <iostream>
#include <cctype>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	char ch;
	cin.get(ch);
	while(ch!='@')
	{
		if(!isdigit(ch))
		{
			if(islower(ch))
				ch=toupper(ch);
			else if(isupper(ch))
				ch=tolower(ch);
			cout<<ch;
		}
		cin.get(ch);
	}
	
	return 0;
}

6.2

#include <iostream>
const int Max=10;

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	double donation[Max];
	cout<<"donation #1: ";
	int i=0;
	while(i<Max&&cin>>donation[i])
	{
		if(++i<Max)
			cout<<"donation #"<<i+1<<": ";
	}
	
	double sum=0.0,aver;
	for(int j=0;j<i;j++)
	{
		sum+=donation[j];
	}
	aver=sum/i;
	cout<<"The "<<i<<" donation average is: "<<aver<<endl;
	
	int count=0;
	for(int j=0;j<i;j++)
	{
		if(donation[j]>aver)
			count++;
	}
	cout<<count<<" over average."<<endl;
	
	return 0;
}

6.3

#include <iostream>
void showmenu();
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	showmenu();
	char ch;
	cin>>ch;
	while(ch!='c'&&ch!='p'&&ch!='t'&&ch!='g')
	{
		cout<<"Please enter a c, p, t, or g: ";
		cin>>ch;
	}
	cout<<"A maple is a ";
	
	switch(ch)
	{
		case 'c': cout<<"carnivore."<<endl;
				  break;
		case 'p': cout<<"pianist."<<endl;
				  break;
		case 't': cout<<"tree."<<endl;
				  break;
		case 'g': cout<<"game."<<endl;
				  break;
		default: cout<<"That is not a choice.\n";
		
	}
	
	return 0;
}

void showmenu()
{
	cout<<"Please enter one of the following choices:\n"
		  "c) carnivore        p) pianist\n"
		  "t) tree             g) game\n";
}

6.4

#include <iostream>
void choice();
void fullname();
void title();
void bopname();
void preference();
using namespace std;

const int strsize=20;
const int num=5;
struct bop
{
	char fullname[strsize];
	char title[strsize];
	char bopname[strsize];
	int preference;
};
bop people[num]=
{
	{"Wimp Macho","Siop Xhui","Biop Nuyg",0},
	{"Raki Rhodes","Junior Programmer","Grin Herk",1},
	{"Celia Laiteer","Buit Njhu","MIPS",2},
	{"Hoppy Hipman","Analyst Trainee","Neat Baiu",1},
	{"Pat Hand","Njht Bhuy","LOOP",2}
};

int main()
{
	char ch;
	choice();
	cout<<"Enter your choice: ";
	cin>>ch;
	
	while(ch!='q')
	{
		while(!(ch>='a'&&ch<='d'||ch=='q'))
		{
			cout<<"Please enter a a, b, c, d, or q: ";
			cin>>ch;
		}
		if(ch=='q')
			break;
		switch(ch)
		{
			case 'a': fullname();
					  break;
			case 'b': title();
					  break;
			case 'c': bopname();
					  break;
			case 'd': preference();
					  break;
			default: break;
		}
		cout<<"Next choice: ";
		cin>>ch;
	}
	cout<<"Bye!\n";
	
	return 0;
}

void choice()
{
	cout<<"Benevolent Order of Programmers Report\n"
		  "a. display by name     b. display by title\n"
		  "c. display by bopname  d.display by preference\n"
		  "q. quit\n";
}
void fullname()
{
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		cout<<people[i].fullname<<endl;
	}
}
void title()
{
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		cout<<people[i].title<<endl;
	}
}
void bopname()
{
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		cout<<people[i].bopname<<endl;
	}
}
void preference()
{
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		int j=people[i].preference;
		if(j==0)
			cout<<people[i].fullname<<endl;
		else if(j==1)
			cout<<people[i].title<<endl;
		else if(j==2)
			cout<<people[i].bopname<<endl;
	}
}

6.5

#include <iostream>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout<<"Enter the income: ";
	int m;
	while(cin>>m&&m>=0)
	{
		double t=0.0;
		if(m>5000&&m<=15000)
			t=(m-5000)*0.1;
		else if(m>15000&&m<=35000)
			t=10000*0.1+(m-15000)*0.15;
		else if(m>35000)
			t=10000*0.1+20000*0.15+(m-35000)*0.2;
		cout<<"The income tax is: "<<t<<endl;
		cout<<"The next: ";
	}
	
	return 0;
}

6.6

#include <iostream>

struct Patrons
{
	char name[20];
	double money;
};
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	cout<<"The number of patrons: ";
	int num;
	cin>>num;
	cin.get();
	Patrons * p=new Patrons[num];
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		cout<<i+1<<"patron's name: ";
		cin.get(p[i].name,20);
		cout<<"Money: ";
		cin>>p[i].money;
		cin.get();
	}
	cout<<"Grand Patrons\n";
	int count1=0;
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		if(p[i].money>1000)
		{
			cout<<p[i].name<<":\t"<<p[i].money<<endl;
			count1++;
		}
	}
	if (count1==0)
		cout<<"none\n";
	cout<<"Patrons\n";
	int count2=0;
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		if(p[i].money<=1000)
		{
			cout<<p[i].name<<":\t"<<p[i].money<<endl;
			count2++;
		}
	}
	if (count2==0)
		cout<<"none\n";
	delete [] p;
	return 0;
}

6.7

#include <iostream>
#include <string>

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	string word;
	int consonants=0,vowels=0,others=0;
	cout<<"Enter words (q to quit):\n";
	cin>>word;
	while(word!="q")
	{
		if(isalpha(word[0]))
		{
			char ch=tolower(word[0]);
			switch(ch)
			{
				case 'a':
				case 'e':
				case 'i':
				case 'o':
				case 'u': vowels++;
						  break;
				default: consonants++;
					     break;
			}
		}
		else
			others++;
		cin>>word;
	}
	cout<<vowels<<" beginning with vowels\n";
	cout<<consonants<<" beginning with consonants\n";
	cout<<others<<" others\n";
	return 0;
}

6.8

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
const int SIZE=60;

int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	char filename[SIZE];
	ifstream inFile;
	cout<<"Enter name of data file: ";
	cin.getline(filename,SIZE);
	inFile.open(filename);
	if(!inFile.is_open())
	{
		cout<<"Could not open the file: "<<filename<<endl;
		cout<<"Program terminating.\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	
	char ch;
	int count=0;
	inFile>>ch;
	while(inFile.good())
	{
		++count;
		inFile>>ch;
	}
	cout<<"The count is: "<<count<<endl;
	inFile.close();
	
	return 0;
}

6.9

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
const int SIZE=60;

struct Patrons
{
	char name[20];
	double money;
};
int main()
{
	using namespace std;
	char filename[SIZE];
	ifstream inFile;
	cout<<"Please enter filename: ";
	cin.getline(filename,SIZE);
	inFile.open(filename);
	if(!inFile.is_open())
	{
		cout<<"Could not open the file: "<<filename<<endl;
		cout<<"Program terminating.\n";
		exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	}
	int num;
	inFile>>num;
	inFile.get();
	Patrons * p=new Patrons[num];
	for(int i=0;i<num&&inFile.good();i++)
	{
		inFile.getline(p[i].name,20);
		inFile>>p[i].money;
		inFile.get();
	}
	cout<<"Grand Patrons\n";
	int count1=0;
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		if(p[i].money>1000)
		{
			cout<<p[i].name<<":\t"<<p[i].money<<endl;
			count1++;
		}
	}
	if (count1==0)
		cout<<"none\n";
	cout<<"Patrons\n";
	int count2=0;
	for(int i=0;i<num;i++)
	{
		if(p[i].money<=1000)
		{
			cout<<p[i].name<<":\t"<<p[i].money<<endl;
			count2++;
		}
	}
	if (count2==0)
		cout<<"none\n";
	delete [] p;
	inFile.close();
	return 0;
}