Unity3d XML、Excel、Json文件的操作

Unity常用文件格式的操作

1. Xml文件的操作
   Xml文件是项目中常用的配置文件，以下分别讲解创建、读取、更新的操作。
   需要引用的命名空间：
   using System.IO;
   using System.Xml;
   Xml文件创建示例代码

       string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "data.xml");
       if (File.Exists(path))
       {
           File.Delete(path);
       }
   
       XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
       XmlElement root = xmlDoc.CreateElement("info");
   
       XmlElement element = xmlDoc.CreateElement("book");
       element.SetAttribute("id", "b1");
       element.SetAttribute("lang", "en");
       XmlElement elementChild1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("name");
       elementChild1.InnerText = "c++";
       XmlElement elementChild2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price");
       elementChild2.InnerText = "570";
   
       XmlElement element1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("book");
       element1.SetAttribute("id", "b2");
       element1.SetAttribute("lang", "en");
       XmlElement element1Child1 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("name");
       element1Child1.InnerText = "c#";
       XmlElement element1Child2 = xmlDoc.CreateElement("price");
       element1Child2.InnerText = "110";
   
   
       element.AppendChild(elementChild1);
       element.AppendChild(elementChild2);
       element1.AppendChild(element1Child1);
       element1.AppendChild(element1Child2);
       root.AppendChild(element);
       root.AppendChild(element1);
       xmlDoc.AppendChild(root);
   
       xmlDoc.Save(path);
   

   创建的XML文件

   <info>
     <book id="b11" lang="en">
       <name>c++</name>
       <price>570</price>
     </book>
     <book id="b2" lang="en">
       <name>c#</name>
       <price>110</price>
     </book>
   </info>
   

   Xml文件读取示例代码

       string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "data.xml");
       if (!File.Exists(path))
       {
           return;
       }
   
       XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
       xmlDoc.Load(path);
   
       XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("info").ChildNodes;
       foreach(XmlElement node in nodeList)
       {
           //string id = node.GetAttribute("id");
           //string lang = node.GetAttribute("lang");
           Debug.Log("id " + node.GetAttribute("id") + " lang " + node.GetAttribute("lang"));
           foreach (XmlElement e1 in node.ChildNodes)
           {
               Debug.Log(e1.Name + " " + e1.InnerText);
           }
       }
   

   Xml文件更新示例代码

       string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "data.xml");
       if (!File.Exists(path))
       {
           return;
       }
   
       XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
       xmlDoc.Load(path);
   
       XmlNodeList nodeList = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("info").ChildNodes;
       foreach (XmlElement node in nodeList)
       {
           if (node.GetAttribute("id") == "b1")
               node.SetAttribute("id", "b11");
       }
   
       xmlDoc.Save(path);
   

2. Excel文件读取需要导入第三方库 EPPlus.dll、Excel.dll、LitJson.dll，可在本文最下面下载Demo
   Excel文件的创建示例代码

       string path = System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "data.xlsx");
       string sheetName = "学生表";
   
       FileInfo excelName = new FileInfo(path);
       if (excelName.Exists)
       {
           excelName.Delete();
           excelName = new FileInfo(path);
       }
   
       //通过ExcelPackage打开文件
       using (ExcelPackage package = new ExcelPackage(excelName))
       {
           //在 excel 空文件添加新 sheet，并设置名称。
           ExcelWorksheet worksheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(sheetName);
   
           //添加列名
           worksheet.Cells[1, 1].Value = "学号";
           worksheet.Cells[1, 2].Value = "姓名";
           worksheet.Cells[1, 3].Value = "性别";
   
           //添加一行数据
           worksheet.Cells[2, 1].Value = 100001;
           worksheet.Cells[2, 2].Value = "张三";
           worksheet.Cells[2, 3].Value = "男";
   
           //添加一行数据
           worksheet.Cells[3, 1].Value = 100002;
           worksheet.Cells[3, 2].Value = "李四";
           worksheet.Cells[3, 3].Value = "女";
   
           //添加一行数据
           worksheet.Cells[4, 1].Value = 100003;
           worksheet.Cells[4, 2].Value = "王五";
           worksheet.Cells[4, 3].Value = "男";
   
           //添加一行数据
           worksheet.Cells[5, 1].Value = 100004;
           worksheet.Cells[5, 2].Value = "赵六";
           worksheet.Cells[5, 3].Value = "女";
   
           //保存excel
           package.Save();
       }
   

   Excel文件的读取示例代码,注意区分Excel的版本

   	FileStream stream = File.Open(System.IO.Path.Combine(Application.dataPath, "data.xlsx"), FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
       //IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateBinaryReader(stream);//读取 Excel 1997-2003版本
       IExcelDataReader excelReader = ExcelReaderFactory.CreateOpenXmlReader(stream);//读取 2007及以后的版本
       DataSet result = excelReader.AsDataSet();
       DataRowCollection dataRowCollection = result.Tables[“学生表”].Rows;
       for (int i = 1; i < dataRowCollection.Count; i++)
       {
           Debug.Log("学号：" + dataRowCollection[i][0] + "--" + "姓名：" + dataRowCollection[i][1] + "--" + "性别：" + dataRowCollection[i][2]);
       }
   

3. Json 格式的使用
   Unity3d Json有两种方式：LitJson和Newtonsoft.Json，下面分别介绍：
   示例类

   class Student
   {
       public string name;
       public int age;
   }
   

   LitJson的序列化和反序列化代码

   	Student student = new Student();
       student.name = "李四";
       student.age = 20;
       
   	//Json数据序列化
       string jsonStr = JsonMapper.ToJson(student);		
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log(jsonStr);
       
   	//Json数据反序列化的两种方式
       JsonData jd = JsonMapper.ToObject(jsonStr);
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log("name  " + jd["name"].ToString() + " age  " + jd["age"]);
   
       Student stu1 = JsonMapper.ToObject<Student>(jsonStr);
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log("name  " + stu1.name + " age " + stu1.age);
   

   Newtonsoft.Json的序列化和反序列化代码

     	Student student = new Student();
       student.name = "张三";
       student.age = 19;
       
   	//Json数据序列化
       string jsonStr = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(student);
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log(jsonStr);
   	
   	//Json数据反序列化的两种方式
       JObject jd = (JObject)JsonConvert.DeserializeObject(jsonStr);
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log("name  " + jd["name"].ToString() + " age  " + jd["age"]);
       if (jd.Property("name") != null)
           UnityEngine.Debug.Log("Students have schools");
   
       Student stu1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Student>(jsonStr);
       UnityEngine.Debug.Log("name  " + stu1.name + " age " + stu1.age);
   

   两种方式的时间消耗对比在下面Demo中有所比较，供大家参考：https://download.csdn.net/download/wangningzk123/12566745