opencv-4.4.0 编译问题汇总与解决

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-06 19:35:22 发布

watershade2010

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-06 19:35:22 发布

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文章标签： opencv 嵌入式 linux

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/watershade2010/article/details/107897867

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在开始之前，关于raspberry 4b的安装推荐两个教程。其中之一是64bit os安装opencv：

64bits, 32bits 其中64bits的安装验证成功

1、源文件下载目录

cv: https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.4.0.tar.gz

cv_contrib:https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.4.0.tar.gz

2、编译参考文档

https://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

# or more
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git unzip pkg-config libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev
sudo apt-get install  libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libgtk2.0-dev libcanberra-gtk* libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev libgtk-3-dev python3-dev python3-numpy python3-pip python-dev python-numpy 
sudo apt-get install libtbb2 libtbb-dev libdc1394-22-dev libv4l-dev v4l-utils libjasper-dev libopenblas-dev libatlas-base-dev libblas-dev liblapack-dev gfortran gcc-arm* protobuf-compiler

3、libjasper-dev找不到怎么办？

可以不用管libjasper，这个包已经废弃了

4、cmake怎么编译

下面是不带cuda时常用的cmake设置：

cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
    -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
    -DPYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 \
    -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.8  \
    -DPYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR2=/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/python3.8 \
    -DPYTHON_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.so \
    -DPYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include/ \
    -DINSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
    -DINSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
    -DOPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
    -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Projects/opencv/opencv_contrib-4.4.0/modules \
    -DBUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

# or this on raspberry
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
        -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
         -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=~/Projects/opencv/opencv_contrib-4.4.0/modules \
        -D ENABLE_NEON=ON \
        -D ENABLE_VFPV3=ON \
        -D WITH_OPENMP=ON \
        -D BUILD_TIFF=ON \
        -D WITH_FFMPEG=ON \
        -D WITH_GSTREAMER=ON \
        -D WITH_TBB=ON \
        -D BUILD_TBB=ON \
        -D BUILD_TESTS=OFF \
        -D WITH_EIGEN=OFF \
        -D WITH_V4L=ON \
        -D WITH_LIBV4L=ON \
        -D WITH_VTK=OFF \
        -D OPENCV_EXTRA_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=-latomic \
        -D OPENCV_ENABLE_NONFREE=ON \
        -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=OFF \
        -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=OFF \
        -D BUILD_NEW_PYTHON_SUPPORT=ON \
        -D BUILD_opencv_python3=TRUE \
        -D OPENCV_GENERATE_PKGCONFIG=ON \
        -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF ..

5、make -j8出错

确认一下自己的核心，如果时嵌入式系统，尽量留出几个核心忙别的

安装openjdk：

sudo apt-get install openjdk-11-jdk

6、make中遇到的1301错误

点击上面的链接看问题原因。为了防止make很久之后，再出这个问题。一定要在cmake完毕之后，要先检查一下opencv-4.4.0/.cache/xfeatures2d里面的文件数目。尤其是看看有没有空文件。所谓空文件是用ls -al查看一下容量是不是0或者说很小。这些文件一般都是几K的。

目录应当如下：

.cache
│
└───xfeatures2d
    ├───boostdesc
    │       0ae0675534aa318d9668f2a179c2a052-boostdesc_lbgm.i
    │       0ea90e7a8f3f7876d450e4149c97c74f-boostdesc_bgm.i
    │       202e1b3e9fec871b04da31f7f016679f-boostdesc_binboost_064.i
    │       232c966b13651bd0e46a1497b0852191-boostdesc_bgm_bi.i
    │       324426a24fa56ad9c5b8e3e0b3e5303e-boostdesc_bgm_hd.i
    │       98ea99d399965c03d555cef3ea502a0b-boostdesc_binboost_128.i
    │       e6dcfa9f647779eb1ce446a8d759b6ea-boostdesc_binboost_256.i
    │
    └───vgg
            151805e03568c9f490a5e3a872777b75-vgg_generated_120.i
            7126a5d9a8884ebca5aea5d63d677225-vgg_generated_64.i
            7cd47228edec52b6d82f46511af325c5-vgg_generated_80.i
            e8d0dcd54d1bcfdc29203d011a797179-vgg_generated_48.i

一个文件夹7个文件，另一个4个。出现文件不全或者空文件的时候。可以尝试用打洞的技术用curl下载：

mkdir boostdesc && cd boostdesc
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/0ae0675534aa318d9668f2a179c2a052-boostdesc_lbgm.i          
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/324426a24fa56ad9c5b8e3e0b3e5303e-boostdesc_bgm_hd.i
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/0ea90e7a8f3f7876d450e4149c97c74f-boostdesc_bgm.i           
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/98ea99d399965c03d555cef3ea502a0b-boostdesc_binboost_128.i
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/202e1b3e9fec871b04da31f7f016679f-boostdesc_binboost_064.i  
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/e6dcfa9f647779eb1ce446a8d759b6ea-boostdesc_binboost_256.i
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/34e4206aef44d50e6bbcd0ab06354b52e7466d26/232c966b13651bd0e46a1497b0852191-boostdesc_bgm_bi.i

和

cd ..
mkdir vgg && cd vgg


curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/fccf7cd6a4b12079f73bbfb21745f9babcd4eb1d/vgg_generated_120.i > 151805e03568c9f490a5e3a872777b75-vgg_generated_120.i  
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/fccf7cd6a4b12079f73bbfb21745f9babcd4eb1d/vgg_generated_80.i > 7cd47228edec52b6d82f46511af325c5-vgg_generated_80.i
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/fccf7cd6a4b12079f73bbfb21745f9babcd4eb1d/vgg_generated_64.i > 7126a5d9a8884ebca5aea5d63d677225-vgg_generated_64.i   
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/opencv/opencv_3rdparty/fccf7cd6a4b12079f73bbfb21745f9babcd4eb1d/vgg_generated_48.i > e8d0dcd54d1bcfdc29203d011a797179-vgg_generated_48.i

然后将文件替换。如果下载不了可以尝试从附件下载。

7、make失败的主要问题

在make之前cmake时，会很详尽的检查编译环境。会告诉你编译时缺失的各种包。根据需求不同，make的最终以来也不同。但建议详细查看一下最后的编译汇总。大概如下：

--
-- General configuration for OpenCV 4.4.0 =====================================
--   Version control:               unknown
--
--   Platform:
--     Timestamp:                   2020-08-18T07:33:46Z
--     Host:                        Linux 5.4.58-v8+ aarch64
--     CMake:                       3.13.4
--     CMake generator:             Unix Makefiles
--     CMake build tool:            /usr/bin/make
--     Configuration:               RELEASE
--
--   CPU/HW features:
--     Baseline:                    NEON FP16
--       required:                  NEON
--       disabled:                  VFPV3
--
--   C/C++:
--     Built as dynamic libs?:      YES
--     C++ standard:                11
--     C++ Compiler:                /usr/bin/c++  (ver 8.3.0)
--     C++ flags (Release):         -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C++ flags (Debug):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wsuggest-override -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -fvisibility-inlines-hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     C Compiler:                  /usr/bin/cc
--     C flags (Release):           -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -O3 -DNDEBUG  -DNDEBUG
--     C flags (Debug):             -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=non-virtual-dtor -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wuninitialized -Winit-self -Wno-comment -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wno-strict-overflow -fdiagnostics-show-option -pthread -fomit-frame-pointer -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections    -fvisibility=hidden -g  -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
--     Linker flags (Release):      -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed
--     Linker flags (Debug):        -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,--as-needed
--     ccache:                      NO
--     Precompiled headers:         NO
--     Extra dependencies:          dl m pthread rt
--     3rdparty dependencies:
--
--   OpenCV modules:
--     To be built:                 calib3d core dnn features2d flann gapi highgui imgcodecs imgproc ml objdetect photo python2 python3 stitching ts video videoio
--     Disabled:                    world
--     Disabled by dependency:      -
--     Unavailable:                 java js
--     Applications:                tests perf_tests examples apps
--     Documentation:               NO
--     Non-free algorithms:         NO
--
--   GUI:
--     GTK+:                        YES (ver 2.24.32)
--       GThread :                  YES (ver 2.58.3)
--       GtkGlExt:                  NO
--     VTK support:                 NO
--
--   Media I/O:
--     ZLib:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libz.so (ver 1.2.11)
--     JPEG:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libjpeg.so (ver 62)
--     WEBP:                        build (ver encoder: 0x020f)
--     PNG:                         /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpng.so (ver 1.6.36)
--     TIFF:                        /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libtiff.so (ver 42 / 4.1.0)
--     JPEG 2000:                   build Jasper (ver 1.900.1)
--     OpenEXR:                     build (ver 2.3.0)
--     HDR:                         YES
--     SUNRASTER:                   YES
--     PXM:                         YES
--     PFM:                         YES
--
--   Video I/O:
--     DC1394:                      YES (2.2.5)
--     FFMPEG:                      YES
--       avcodec:                   YES (58.35.100)
--       avformat:                  YES (58.20.100)
--       avutil:                    YES (56.22.100)
--       swscale:                   YES (5.3.100)
--       avresample:                NO
--     GStreamer:                   NO
--     v4l/v4l2:                    YES (linux/videodev2.h)
--
--   Parallel framework:            pthreads
--
--   Trace:                         YES (with Intel ITT)
--
--   Other third-party libraries:
--     Lapack:                      NO
--     Eigen:                       NO
--     Custom HAL:                  YES (carotene (ver 0.0.1))
--     Protobuf:                    build (3.5.1)
--
--   OpenCL:                        YES (no extra features)
--     Include path:                /home/pi/Workspace/opencv/opencv-4.4.0/3rdparty/include/opencl/1.2
--     Link libraries:              Dynamic load
--
--   Python 2:
--     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python2.7 (ver 2.7.16)
--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.so
--     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.16.2)
--     install path:                lib/python2.7/dist-packages/cv2/python-2.7
--
--   Python 3:
--     Interpreter:                 /usr/bin/python3 (ver 3.7.3)
--     Libraries:                   /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libpython3.7m.so (ver 3.7.3)
--     numpy:                       /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/numpy/core/include (ver 1.16.2)
--     install path:                lib/python3.7/dist-packages/cv2/python-3.7
--
--   Python (for build):            /usr/bin/python2.7
--
--   Java:
--     ant:                         NO
--     JNI:                         NO
--     Java wrappers:               NO
--     Java tests:                  NO
--
--   Install to:                    /usr/local
-- -----------------------------------------------------------------
--
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
See also "/home/pi/Workspace/opencv/opencv-4.4.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeOutput.log".
See also "/home/pi/Workspace/opencv/opencv-4.4.0/build/CMakeFiles/CMakeError.log".

这里最后会提示在build的CMakeFiles中会生成log文件。如果出错可以先检查一下。

8、提升编译速度

除了使用make -jn来提升之外。别忘了安装ccache。这个工具可以提高编译速度：

sudo apt-get install ccache

9、最好安装LAPACK和EIGEN库

前者能提升线性代数的算法效率

sudo apt-get install liblapacke-dev libeigen3-dev

以上安装并不能保证好用，建议还是从各自的网站下载编译安装。

解决方案：https://github.com/opencv/opencv/issues/12957

watershade2010

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opencv-4.4.0 编译问题汇总与解决

1、源文件下载目录cv:https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.4.0.tar.gzcv_contrib:https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.4.0.tar.gz2、编译参考文档https://docs.opencv.org/master/d7/d9f/tutorial_linux_install.html3、libjasper-dev找不到怎么办？可以不用管...
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