matlab里的zpk,Zero-pole-gain lowpass to complex N-point frequency transformation

zpklp2xc

Zero-pole-gain lowpass to complex N-point frequency transformation

Syntax

[Z2,P2,K2,AllpassNum,AllpassDen]

= zpklp2xc(Z,P,K,Wo,Wt)

Description

[Z2,P2,K2,AllpassNum,AllpassDen]

= zpklp2xc(Z,P,K,Wo,Wt) returns zeros, Z2,

poles, P2, and gain factor, K2,

of the target filter transformed from the real lowpass prototype by

applying an Nth-order real lowpass to complex multipoint

frequency transformation.

It also returns the numerator, AllpassNum,

and the denominator, AllpassDen, of the allpass

mapping filter. The prototype lowpass filter is given with zeros, Z,

poles, P, and gain factor, K.

Parameter N also specifies the number of

replicas of the prototype filter created around the unit circle after

the transformation. This transformation effectively places N features

of an original filter, located at frequencies Wo1,...,WoN,

at the required target frequency locations, Wt1,...,WtM.

Relative positions of other features of an original filter are

the same in the target filter for the Nyquist mobility and are reversed

for the DC mobility. For the Nyquist mobility this means that it is

possible to select two features of an original filter, F1 and

F2, with F1 preceding

F2. Feature F1 will

still precede F2 after the transformation.

However, the distance between F1 and F2 will

not be the same before and after the transformation. For DC mobility

feature F2 will precede F1 after

the transformation.

Choice of the feature subject to this transformation is not

restricted to the cutoff frequency of an original lowpass filter.

In general it is possible to select any feature; e.g., the stopband

edge, the DC, the deep minimum in the stopband, or other ones. The

only condition is that the features must be selected in such a way

that when creating N bands around the unit circle,

there will be no band overlap.

This transformation can also be used for transforming other

types of filters; e.g., notch filters or resonators can be easily

replicated at a number of required frequency locations. A good application

would be an adaptive tone cancellation circuit reacting to the changing

number and location of tones.

Examples

Design a prototype real IIR halfband filter using a standard

elliptic approach:

[b, a] = ellip(3,0.1,30,0.409);

z = roots(b);

p = roots(a);

k = b(1);

[z2,p2,k2] = zpklp2xc(z, p, k, [-0.5 0.5], [-0.25 0.25]);

Verify the result by comparing the prototype filter with the

target filter:

fvtool(b, a, k2*poly(z2), poly(p2));

Plotting the filters on the same axes lets you compare the results

graphically, shown here.

Arguments

VariableDescriptionZZeros of the prototype lowpass filter

PPoles of the prototype lowpass filter

KGain factor of the prototype lowpass filter

WoFrequency values to be transformed from the prototype

filter. They should be normalized to be between 0 and 1, with 1 corresponding

to half the sample rate.

WtDesired frequency locations in the transformed target

filter. They should be normalized to be between -1 and 1, with 1 corresponding

to half the sample rate.

Z2Zeros of the target filter

P2Poles of the target filter

K2Gain factor of the target filter

AllpassNumNumerator of the mapping filter

AllpassDenDenominator of the mapping filter

Introduced in R2011a