opencv 基础知识点

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-23 10:31:42 发布

weixin_38248082

最新推荐文章于 2022-12-23 10:31:42 发布

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文章标签： opencv

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_38248082/article/details/81870186

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一、opencv 常用库(https://docs.opencv.org/3.4.0/modules.html)

opencv_core

opencv_improc

opencv_highgui

opencv_features2d

opencv_calib3d(calibration+3d)

opencv_video

opencv_objdetect

opencv_stitching

opencv_ml

opencv_contrib

opencv_flann

opencv_nonfree

二、基本数据结构

(1)Point

成员函数x,y,z

typedef Point2i Point;typedef Point_<float> Point2f;typedef Point_<double> Point2d;

typedef Point3_<int> Point3i;typedef Point3_<float> Point3f;typedef Point3_<double> Point3d;

Point A(20,30);
Point B;
B.x=20;
B.y=30;

(2)Mat

浅拷贝：指向同一内存

Mat A;
Mat img;
A=img;
Mat B(img);

深拷贝：单独开辟内存空间

Mat img;
Mat A,B;
A=img.clone();//不管什么都重新申请空间
img.copyTo(B);//没指定空间，则重新申请

Mat C=img.col(1);
img.col(0).copyTo(C)//前面已经指定空间，则不必申请

(3)Size、Rect

Size成员函数：width,height

Rect成员函数：x,y,width,height

Size A(20,30);
Size B;
B.width=20;
B.height=30;

(4)Scalar

emplate class for a 4-element vector derived from Vec.

Scalar bgr(B,G,R);//省略透明通道

三、linux下基本运行

linux终端运行

g++ test_opencv.cpp -o test_opencv `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`
./test_opencv

使用makefile文件

//makefile-opencv
INCLUDE = $(shell pkg-config --cflags opencv)
LIBS = $(shell pkg-config --libs opencv)
SOURCES = test_opencv.cpp

OBJECTS = $(SOURCES:.cpp=.o) #$：申明变量，OBJECTS为中间类型，.cpp=.o意思是替换

TARGET = TEST_OPENCV  #可执行文件

$(TARGET):$(OBJECTS) #：意思是依赖于,并且可以自动推导（由.o文件推导出.c，即可以不写.c文件）
    g++ -o $(TARGET) $(OBJECTS) -I $(INCLUDE) $(LIBS)
$(OBJECTS):$(SOURCES)
.PHONY:clean #伪目标，防止执行make clean 文件名与clean重名
clean:
    -rm $(OBJECTS) $(TARGET) #-表示即使有部分错误也执行

#%.o:%.cpp # %意思是匹配0或若干字符
#    g++ -I $(INCLUDE) -O $@ -c $<  #@表示目前规则中所有目标的集合 <表示所有依赖项

四：example

/*
 *
 * cvout_sample just demonstrates the serial out capabilities of cv::Mat
 *  That is, cv::Mat M(...); cout << M;  Now works.
 *
 */

#include "opencv2/core.hpp"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

static void help()
{
    cout
    << "\n------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
    << " This program shows the serial out capabilities of cv::Mat\n"
    << "That is, cv::Mat M(...); cout << M;  Now works.\n"
    << "Output can be formated to OpenCV, matlab, python, numpy, csv and \n"
    << "C styles Usage:\n"
    << "./cvout_sample\n"
    << "------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"
    << endl;
}


int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    cv::CommandLineParser parser(argc, argv, "{help h||}");//命令行解析，名称及简称|默认值|帮助信息
    if (parser.has("help"))
    {
        help();
        return 0;
    }
    Mat I = Mat::eye(4, 4, CV_64F);
    I.at<double>(1,1) = CV_PI;
    cout << "I = \n" << I << ";" << endl << endl;

    Mat r = Mat(10, 3, CV_8UC3);
    randu(r, Scalar::all(0), Scalar::all(255));

    cout << "r (default) = \n" << r << ";" << endl << endl;
    cout << "r (matlab) = \n" << format(r, Formatter::FMT_MATLAB) << ";" << endl << endl;
    cout << "r (python) = \n" << format(r, Formatter::FMT_PYTHON) << ";" << endl << endl;
    cout << "r (numpy) = \n" << format(r, Formatter::FMT_NUMPY) << ";" << endl << endl;
    cout << "r (csv) = \n" << format(r, Formatter::FMT_CSV) << ";" << endl << endl;
    cout << "r (c) = \n" << format(r, Formatter::FMT_C) << ";" << endl << endl;

    Point2f p(5, 1);
    cout << "p = " << p << ";" << endl;

    Point3f p3f(2, 6, 7);
    cout << "p3f = " << p3f << ";" << endl;

    vector<float> v;
    v.push_back(1);
    v.push_back(2);
    v.push_back(3);

    cout << "shortvec = " << Mat(v) << endl;

    vector<Point2f> points(20);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < points.size(); ++i)
        points[i] = Point2f((float)(i * 5), (float)(i % 7));

    cout << "points = " << points << ";" << endl;
    return 0;
}