PyQt5嵌入mayavi-python显示三维实体

界面的嵌入

一直以来mayavi只能用pyqt4,但是最近大概是版本更新了吧，直接即可使用。
我使用的是deepin 15.11（一种基于debian的Linux系统，环境类似于Ubuntu）下的anaconda配置环境。前面已经做好了更换清华镜像源等准备。于是最终的代码是：

python 版本为3.6，安装sfepy的原因是要为

conda install sfepy
conda install vtk
conda install mayavi

执行一段时间完成之后，使用pycharm配置python解释器，使用conda interpreter功能，将解释器设置为刚配置好的conda解释器。

然后使用以下代码即可新建界面。

# First, and before importing any Enthought packages, set the ETS_TOOLKIT
# environment variable to qt4, to tell Traits that we will use Qt.
import os

# os.environ['ETS_TOOLKIT'] = 'qt4'
# By default, the PySide binding will be used. If you want the PyQt bindings
# to be used, you need to set the QT_API environment variable to 'pyqt'
os.environ['QT_API'] = 'pyqt5'

# To be able to use PySide or PyQt4 and not run in conflicts with traits,
# we need to import QtGui and QtCore from pyface.qt
from pyface.qt import QtGui, QtCore
# Alternatively, you can bypass this line, but you need to make sure that
# the following lines are executed before the import of PyQT:
#   import sip
#   sip.setapi('QString', 2)

from traits.api import HasTraits, Instance, on_trait_change
from traitsui.api import View, Item
from mayavi.core.ui.api import MayaviScene, MlabSceneModel, \
    SceneEditor


################################################################################
# The actual visualization
class Visualization(HasTraits):
    scene = Instance(MlabSceneModel, ())

    @on_trait_change('scene.activated')
    def update_plot(self):
        # This function is called when the view is opened. We don't
        # populate the scene when the view is not yet open, as some
        # VTK features require a GLContext.
        # We can do normal mlab calls on the embedded scene.

        # self.scene.mlab.pipeline.surface(self.scene.mlab.pipeline.open("cylinder.vtk"))
        self.scene.mlab.test_points3d()
        pass
    # the layout of the dialog screated
    view = View(Item('scene', editor=SceneEditor(scene_class=MayaviScene),
                     height=250, width=300, show_label=False),
                resizable=True  # We need this to resize with the parent widget
                )


################################################################################
# The QWidget containing the visualization, this is pure PyQt4 code.
class MayaviQWidget(QtGui.QWidget):
    def __init__(self, parent=None):
        QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)
        layout = QtGui.QVBoxLayout(self)
        layout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        layout.setSpacing(0)
        self.visualization = Visualization()

        # If you want to debug, beware that you need to remove the Qt
        # input hook.
        # QtCore.pyqtRemoveInputHook()
        # import pdb ; pdb.set_trace()
        # QtCore.pyqtRestoreInputHook()

        # The edit_traits call will generate the widget to embed.
        self.ui = self.visualization.edit_traits(parent=self, kind='subpanel').control
        layout.addWidget(self.ui)
        self.ui.setParent(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Don't create a new QApplication, it would unhook the Events
    # set by Traits on the existing QApplication. Simply use the
    # '.instance()' method to retrieve the existing one.
    app = QtGui.QApplication.instance()
    container = QtGui.QWidget()
    container.setWindowTitle("Embedding Mayavi in a PyQt5 Application")
    # define a "complex" layout to test the behaviour
    layout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout(container)
    layout.addWidget(QtGui.QLabel("this is a label"))
    mayavi_widget = MayaviQWidget()
    layout.addWidget(mayavi_widget)
    container.show()
    window = QtGui.QMainWindow()
    window.setCentralWidget(container)
    window.show()
    app.exec_()

以上代码中，第30行位置上的update_plot（）是更新图形的函数。在界面初始化的时候，这个函数会被调用一次。我打出的代码中调用的是：

	self.scene.mlab.test_points3d()

如果要导入外部的文件则将这一行改成这一句：

 	self.scene.mlab.pipeline.surface(self.scene.mlab.pipeline.open("cylinder.vtk"))

至于调用绘图的方法，大概在78行左右，就是将mayavi看做一个窗口即可。熟悉pyqt的话应该很好上手。