VTK笔记——如何显示三维坐标系

对于三维空间中的模型，它是投射到二维平面显示，很多时候，我们需要知道它在坐标系的位置或者相对于另一个模型的位置，又或者是它的法向量等，这时候借助显示坐标系就很有必要，下面的方法可能会帮助到你。

方法一

借助vtkLineSource来画三条线，分别是X, Y, Z轴，再给三条轴设置不同的color加以区分。

vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceX = 
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
lineSourceX->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
lineSourceX->SetPoint2(LINE_LEN, 0, 0);
lineSourceX->Update();
vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceY = 
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
lineSourceY->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
lineSourceY->SetPoint2(0, LINE_LEN, 0);
lineSourceY->Update();
vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceZ = 
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
lineSourceZ->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
lineSourceZ->SetPoint2(0, 0, LINE_LEN);
lineSourceZ->Update();
//--------------------------------------------
actor1[0]->GetProperty()->SetColor(1, 0, 0);
actor1[1]->GetProperty()->SetColor(0, 1, 0);
actor1[2]->GetProperty()->SetColor(0, 0, 1);

方法二

直接使用vtkAxesActor来显示坐标系，这也是比较推荐的方法。

vtkSmartPointer<vtkAxesActor> actor2 = 
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkAxesActor>::New();
actor2->SetPosition(0, 0, 0);
actor2->SetTotalLength(AXIS_LEN, AXIS_LEN, AXIS_LEN);
actor2->SetShaftType(0);
actor2->SetAxisLabels(0);
actor2->SetCylinderRadius(0.02);

效果如下图所示，Red, Green, Blue分别对应X,Y,Z三条轴：

示例代码

#include <vtkLineSource.h>
#include <vtkPolyData.h>
#include <vtkSmartPointer.h>
#include <vtkPolyDataMapper.h>
#include <vtkActor.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindow.h>
#include <vtkRenderer.h>
#include <vtkRenderWindowInteractor.h>
#include <vtkProperty.h>
#include <vtkAxesActor.h>
#include <vtkConeSource.h>

int main(int, char *[])
{
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkConeSource> sphereSource =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkConeSource>::New();
	sphereSource->SetRadius(.5);
	sphereSource->SetCenter(0, 0, 0);
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> mapper = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
	mapper->SetInputConnection(sphereSource->GetOutputPort());
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> actor =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor>::New();
	actor->SetMapper(mapper);
#define LINE_LEN 2.
	// #Method1
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceX = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
	lineSourceX->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
	lineSourceX->SetPoint2(LINE_LEN, 0, 0);
	lineSourceX->Update();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceY = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
	lineSourceY->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
	lineSourceY->SetPoint2(0, LINE_LEN, 0);
	lineSourceY->Update();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource> lineSourceZ = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkLineSource>::New();
	lineSourceZ->SetPoint1(0, 0, 0);
	lineSourceZ->SetPoint2(0, 0, LINE_LEN);
	lineSourceZ->Update();

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> MapperX = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
	MapperX->SetInputConnection(lineSourceX->GetOutputPort());
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> MapperY = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
	MapperY->SetInputConnection(lineSourceY->GetOutputPort());
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper> MapperZ = 
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkPolyDataMapper>::New();
	MapperZ->SetInputConnection(lineSourceZ->GetOutputPort());

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor> actor1[3];
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		actor1[i] = vtkSmartPointer<vtkActor>::New();
	}
	actor1[0]->SetMapper(MapperX);
	actor1[1]->SetMapper(MapperY);
	actor1[2]->SetMapper(MapperZ);
	actor1[0]->GetProperty()->SetColor(1, 0, 0);
	actor1[1]->GetProperty()->SetColor(0, 1, 0);
	actor1[2]->GetProperty()->SetColor(0, 0, 1);
	actor1[0]->SetPosition(0, 0, 0);
	actor1[1]->SetPosition(0, 0, 0);
	actor1[2]->SetPosition(0, 0, 0);

	// #Method2
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkAxesActor> actor2 =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkAxesActor>::New();
	actor2->SetPosition(0, 0, 0);
	actor2->SetTotalLength(LINE_LEN, LINE_LEN, LINE_LEN);
	actor2->SetShaftType(0);
	actor2->SetAxisLabels(0);
	actor2->SetCylinderRadius(0.02);

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> renderer1 =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer> renderer2 =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderer>::New();

	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow> renderWindow =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindow>::New();
	renderWindow->SetSize(800, 400);
	renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer1);
	renderWindow->AddRenderer(renderer2);
	vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor> renderWindowInteractor =
		vtkSmartPointer<vtkRenderWindowInteractor>::New();
	renderWindowInteractor->SetRenderWindow(renderWindow);

	double leftViewport[] = { 0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 };
	double rightViewport[] = { 0.5, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0 };

	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		renderer1->AddActor(actor1[i]);
	}
	renderer1->AddActor(actor);
	renderer2->AddActor(actor2);
	renderer2->AddActor(actor);
	renderer1->SetBackground(.3, .3, .5);
	renderer2->SetBackground(.2, .4, .5); 
	renderer1->SetViewport(leftViewport);
	renderer2->SetViewport(rightViewport);

	renderWindow->Render();
	renderWindowInteractor->Start();

	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Reference

shows how to display the coordinate axes in the render window

shows how to position an AxesActor in 3D