学习笔记：Unity CustomSRP-3-DirectionalLight

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已于 2022-04-01 08:29:19 修改

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分类专栏： Unity可编程渲染管线学习笔记文章标签： unity

于 2021-07-27 10:09:50 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41155760/article/details/119134993

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在上一节的基础上添加方向光支持，把需要的数据分类：Surface，BRDF，Light，Lighting。

总结：
1.光照着色器：为什么要在片元阶段归一化法线（顶点插值后的不是归一化的）
2.支持多盏灯计算：采用BRDF、高光反射公式
3.透明材质、自定义ShaderGUI方便切换类型、设置属性和关键字

以下是到这一节的全部代码：原文源码

Runtime:
CustomRenderPipelineAsset:

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;


[CreateAssetMenu(menuName = "Rendering/Custom Render Pipeline")]
public class CustomRenderPipelineAsset : RenderPipelineAsset
{
    [SerializeField]
    bool useDynamicBatching = true, useGPUInstancing = true, useSRPBatcher = true;

    protected override RenderPipeline CreatePipeline()
    {
        return new CustomRenderPipeline(useDynamicBatching, useGPUInstancing, useSRPBatcher);
    }
}

CustomRenderPipeline:

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

public class CustomRenderPipeline : RenderPipeline
{
    CameraRender renderer = new CameraRender();

    bool useDynamicBatching, useGPUInstancing;

    private CustomRenderPipeline() { }

    public CustomRenderPipeline(bool useDynamicBatching, bool useGPUInstancing, bool useSRPBatcher)
    {
        this.useDynamicBatching = useDynamicBatching;
        this.useGPUInstancing = useGPUInstancing;
        GraphicsSettings.useScriptableRenderPipelineBatching = useSRPBatcher;
        GraphicsSettings.lightsUseLinearIntensity = true;
    }

    protected override void Render(ScriptableRenderContext context, Camera[] cameras)
    {
        foreach (Camera camera in cameras)
        {
            renderer.Render(context, camera, useDynamicBatching, useGPUInstancing);
        }
    }
}

CameraRenderer

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

public partial class CameraRender
{
    private ScriptableRenderContext context;

    private Camera camera;

    private Lighting lighting = new Lighting();

    private const string bufferName = "Render Camera";
    private CommandBuffer buffer = new CommandBuffer()
    {
        name = bufferName
    };

    private CullingResults cullingResults;

    private static ShaderTagId unlitShaderTagId = new ShaderTagId("SRPDefaultUnlit");
    private static ShaderTagId litShaderTagId = new ShaderTagId("CustomLit");

    public void Render(ScriptableRenderContext context, Camera camera,
       bool useDynamicBatching, bool useGPUInstancing)
    {
        this.context = context;
        this.camera = camera;

        PrepareBuffer();
        PrepareForSceneWindow();

        if (!Cull())
        {
            return;
        }

        Setup();
        lighting.Setup(context, cullingResults);

        DrawVisibleGeometry(useDynamicBatching, useGPUInstancing);
        DrawUnsupportedShaders();
        DrawGizmos();

        Submit();
    }

    private void Setup()
    {
        context.SetupCameraProperties(camera);
        CameraClearFlags flags = camera.clearFlags;
        buffer.ClearRenderTarget(
            flags <= CameraClearFlags.Depth,
            flags == CameraClearFlags.Color,
            flags == CameraClearFlags.Color ? camera.backgroundColor.linear : Color.clear);
        buffer.BeginSample(SampleName);
        ExecuteBuffer();
    }

    private void DrawVisibleGeometry(bool useDynamicBatching, bool useGPUInstancing)
    {
        //画不透明物体
        SortingSettings sortingSettings = new SortingSettings(camera)
        {
            criteria = SortingCriteria.CommonOpaque
        };
        DrawingSettings drawingSettings = new DrawingSettings(unlitShaderTagId, sortingSettings)
        {
            enableDynamicBatching = useDynamicBatching,
            enableInstancing = useGPUInstancing
        };
        //设置Lit的ShaderTagId,设置Pass中自定义的LightMode
        drawingSettings.SetShaderPassName(1, litShaderTagId);

        FilteringSettings filteringSettings = new FilteringSettings(RenderQueueRange.opaque);

        context.DrawRenderers(cullingResults, ref drawingSettings, ref filteringSettings);

        context.DrawSkybox(camera);

        //画透明物体
        sortingSettings = new SortingSettings(camera)
        {
            criteria = SortingCriteria.CommonTransparent
        };
        drawingSettings = new DrawingSettings(unlitShaderTagId, sortingSettings);

        //这里还得设置一次
        drawingSettings.SetShaderPassName(1, litShaderTagId);

        filteringSettings = new FilteringSettings(RenderQueueRange.transparent);

        context.DrawRenderers(cullingResults, ref drawingSettings, ref filteringSettings);
    }

    private void Submit()
    {
        buffer.EndSample(SampleName);
        ExecuteBuffer();
        context.Submit();
    }

    private void ExecuteBuffer()
    {
        context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(buffer);
        buffer.Clear();
    }

    private bool Cull()
    {
        if (camera.TryGetCullingParameters(out ScriptableCullingParameters p))
        {
            cullingResults = context.Cull(ref p);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

CameraRenderer.Editor

using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Profiling;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

public partial class CameraRender
{
    partial void DrawUnsupportedShaders();
    partial void DrawGizmos();
    partial void PrepareForSceneWindow();
    partial void PrepareBuffer();

#if UNITY_EDITOR
    private static ShaderTagId[] legacyShaderTagIds = {
        new ShaderTagId("Always"),
        new ShaderTagId("ForwardBase"),
        new ShaderTagId("PrepassBase"),
        new ShaderTagId("Vertex"),
        new ShaderTagId("VertexLMRGBM"),
        new ShaderTagId("VertexLM")
    };

    private static Material errorMaterial;

    private string SampleName { get; set; }

    partial void DrawUnsupportedShaders()
    {
        if (errorMaterial == null)
        {
            errorMaterial = new Material(Shader.Find("Hidden/InternalErrorShader"));
        }

        DrawingSettings drawingSettings = new DrawingSettings(legacyShaderTagIds[0], new SortingSettings(camera))
        {
            overrideMaterial = errorMaterial
        };

        for (int i = 1; i < legacyShaderTagIds.Length; i++)
        {
            drawingSettings.SetShaderPassName(i, legacyShaderTagIds[i]);
        }

        FilteringSettings filteringSettings = FilteringSettings.defaultValue;

        context.DrawRenderers(cullingResults, ref drawingSettings, ref filteringSettings);
    }

    partial void DrawGizmos()
    {
        if (Handles.ShouldRenderGizmos())
        {
            context.DrawGizmos(camera, GizmoSubset.PreImageEffects);
            context.DrawGizmos(camera, GizmoSubset.PostImageEffects);
        }
    }

    partial void PrepareForSceneWindow()
    {
        if (camera.cameraType == CameraType.SceneView)
        {
            //场景窗口显示
            ScriptableRenderContext.EmitWorldGeometryForSceneView(camera);
        }
    }

    partial void PrepareBuffer()
    {
        Profiler.BeginSample("Editor Only");
        buffer.name = SampleName = camera.name;//会产生GC
        Profiler.EndSample();
    }
#else
    const string SampleName = bufferName;//运行时用常量
#endif
}

Lighting：设置Shader里用到的灯光数据

using System;
using Unity.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

public class Lighting
{
    const string bufferName = "Lighting";

    CommandBuffer buffer = new CommandBuffer()
    {
        name = bufferName
    };

    const int maxDirLightCount = 4;

    static int
        //dirLightColorId = Shader.PropertyToID("_DirectionalLightColor"),
        //dirLightDirectionId = Shader.PropertyToID("_DirectionalLightDirection");
        dirLightCountId = Shader.PropertyToID("_DirectionalLightCount"),
        dirLightColorsId = Shader.PropertyToID("_DirectionalLightColors"),
        dirLightDirectionsId = Shader.PropertyToID("_DirectionalLightDirections");

    static Vector4[]
        dirLightColors = new Vector4[maxDirLightCount],
        dirLightDirections = new Vector4[maxDirLightCount];

    CullingResults cullingResults;

    public void Setup(ScriptableRenderContext context, CullingResults cullingResults)
    {
        this.cullingResults = cullingResults;

        buffer.BeginSample(bufferName);

        //SetupDirectionalLight();
        SetupLights();

        buffer.EndSample(bufferName);

        context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(buffer);
        buffer.Clear();
    }

    private void SetupLights()
    {
        NativeArray<VisibleLight> visibleLights = cullingResults.visibleLights;
        int dirLightCount = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < visibleLights.Length; i++)
        {
            VisibleLight visibleLight = visibleLights[i];
            if (visibleLight.lightType == LightType.Directional)
            {
                SetupDirectionalLight(dirLightCount++, ref visibleLight);
                if (dirLightCount > maxDirLightCount)
                {
                    break;
                }
            }

            buffer.SetGlobalInt(dirLightCountId, visibleLights.Length);
            buffer.SetGlobalVectorArray(dirLightColorsId, dirLightColors);
            buffer.SetGlobalVectorArray(dirLightDirectionsId, dirLightDirections);
        }
    }

    private void SetupDirectionalLight(int index, ref VisibleLight visibleLight)
    {
        dirLightColors[index] = visibleLight.finalColor;
        dirLightDirections[index] = -visibleLight.localToWorldMatrix.GetColumn(2);
    }
}

ShaderLibrary：
UnityInput

#ifndef CUSTOM_UNITY_INPUT_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_UNITY_INPUT_INCLUDE

CBUFFER_START(UnityPerDraw)
float4x4 unity_ObjectToWorld;
float4x4 unity_WorldToObject;
float4 unity_LODFade;//需要添加
real4 unity_WorldTransformParams;
CBUFFER_END
float3 _WorldSpaceCameraPos;

float4x4 unity_MatrixVP;
float4x4 unity_MatrixV;
float4x4 glstate_matrix_projection;

#endif

Common

#ifndef CUSTOM_COMMON_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_COMMON_INCLUDE

#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.core/ShaderLibrary/Common.hlsl"
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.core/ShaderLibrary/CommonMaterial.hlsl"
#include "UnityInput.hlsl"

#define UNITY_MATRIX_M unity_ObjectToWorld
#define UNITY_MATRIX_I_M unity_WorldToObject
#define UNITY_MATRIX_V unity_MatrixV
#define UNITY_MATRIX_VP unity_MatrixVP
#define UNITY_MATRIX_P glstate_matrix_projection

#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.core/ShaderLibrary/UnityInstancing.hlsl"
#include "Packages/com.unity.render-pipelines.core/ShaderLibrary/SpaceTransforms.hlsl"

float Square(float v)
{
	return v * v;
}

#endif

Light

#ifndef CUSTOM_LIGHT_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_LIGHT_INCLUDE

#define MAX_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT_COUNT 4

CBUFFER_START(_CustomLight)
//float3 _DirectionalLightColor;
//float3 _DirectionalLightDirection;
int _DirectionalLightCount;
float4 _DirectionalLightColors[MAX_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT_COUNT];
float4 _DirectionalLightDirections[MAX_DIRECTIONAL_LIGHT_COUNT];
CBUFFER_END

struct Light
{
	float3 color;
	float3 direction;
};

int GetDirectionalLightCount()
{
	return _DirectionalLightCount;
}

Light GetDirectionalLight(int index)
{
	Light light;
	light.color = _DirectionalLightColors[index].rgb;
	light.direction = _DirectionalLightDirections[index].xyz;
	return light;
}

#endif

Lighting

#ifndef CUSTOM_LIGHTING_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_LIGHTING_INCLUDE

//计算入射光颜色
float3 IncomingLight(Surface surface, Light light)
{
	return saturate(dot(surface.normal, light.direction)) * light.color;
}

//计算表面和灯光的最终照明
float3 GetLighting(Surface surface, BRDF brdf, Light light)
{
	//return IncomingLight(surface, light) * surface.color;
	//return IncomingLight(surface, light) * brdf.diffuse;
	return IncomingLight(surface, light) * DirectBRDF(surface, brdf, light);
}

//计算表面和灯光颜色
float3 GetLighting(Surface surface, BRDF brdf)
{
	float3 color = 0.0;
	for (int i = 0; i < GetDirectionalLightCount(); i++)
	{
		color += GetLighting(surface, brdf, GetDirectionalLight(i));
	}
	return color;
}

#endif

Surface

#ifndef CUSTOM_SURFACE_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_SURFACE_INCLUDE

struct Surface
{
	float3 normal;
	float3 viewDirection;
	float3 color;
	float alpha;
	float metallic;
	float smoothness;
};

#endif

BRDF

#ifndef CUSTOM_BRDF_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_BRDF_INCLUDE

struct BRDF
{
	float3 diffuse;
	float3 specular;
	float roughness;
};

#define MIN_REFLECTIVITY 0.04
float OneMinusReflectivity(float metallic)
{
	float range = 1.0 - MIN_REFLECTIVITY;
	return range - metallic * range;
}

BRDF GetBRDF(Surface surface,bool applyAlphaToDiffuse=false)
{
	BRDF brdf;

	float oneMinusReflectivity = OneMinusReflectivity(surface.metallic);
	brdf.diffuse = surface.color * oneMinusReflectivity;
	if (applyAlphaToDiffuse)
	{
		brdf.diffuse *= surface.alpha;
	}

	brdf.specular = lerp(MIN_REFLECTIVITY,surface.color,surface.metallic);

	float perceptualRoughness = PerceptualSmoothnessToPerceptualRoughness(surface.smoothness);
	brdf.roughness = PerceptualRoughnessToRoughness(perceptualRoughness);
	return brdf;
}

//高光强度公式：同URP
float SpecularStrength(Surface surface, BRDF brdf, Light light)
{
	float3 h = SafeNormalize(light.direction + surface.viewDirection);
	float nh2 = Square(saturate(dot(surface.normal, h)));
	float lh2 = Square(saturate(dot(light.direction, h)));
	float r2 = Square(brdf.roughness);
	float d2 = Square(nh2 * (r2 - 1.0) + 1.0001);
	float normalization = brdf.roughness * 4.0 + 2.0;
	return r2 / (d2 * max(0.1, lh2) * normalization);	
}

//直接照明灯颜色：经过高光强度调制的镜面颜色加上漫反射颜色
float3 DirectBRDF(Surface surface, BRDF brdf, Light light)
{
	return SpecularStrength(surface, brdf, light) * brdf.specular + brdf.diffuse;
}

#endif

Shader
Unlit

Shader "Custom RP/Unlit"
{
	Properties
	{
		_BaseMap("Texture",2D) = "white"{}
		_BaseColor("Color",Color) = (1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0)
		_Cutoff("Alpha Cutoff",Range(0.0,1.0)) = 0.5
		[Toggle(_CLIPPING)] _Clipping("Alpha Clipping",Float)=0
		[Enum(UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode)] _SrcBlend("Scr Blend",Float) = 1
		[Enum(UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode)] _DstBlend("Dst Blend",Float) = 0
		[Enum(Off,0,On,1)] _ZWrite("Z Write",Float) = 1
	}

	SubShader
	{
		Pass
		{
			Blend[_SrcBlend][_DstBlend]
			ZWrite[_ZWrite]

			HLSLPROGRAM
			#pragma target 3.5
			#pragma shader_feature _CLIPPING
			#pragma multi_compile_instancing
			#pragma vertex UnlitPassVertex
			#pragma fragment UnlitPassFragment
			#include "UnlitPass.hlsl"

			ENDHLSL
		}
	}

	CustomEditor "CustomShaderGUI"
}

Lit

Shader "Custom RP/Lit"
{
	Properties
	{
		_BaseMap("Texture",2D) = "white"{}
		_BaseColor("Color",Color) = (0.5,0.5,0.5,1.0)
		_Cutoff("Alpha Cutoff",Range(0.0,1.0)) = 0.5
		[Toggle(_CLIPPING)] _Clipping("Alpha Clipping",Float)=0
		_Metallic("Metallic",Range(0,1))=0
		_Smoothness("Smoothness",Range(0,1))=0.5
		[Toggle(_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA)] _PremulAlpha("Premultiply Alpha",Float) = 0
		[Enum(UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode)] _SrcBlend("Scr Blend",Float) = 1
		[Enum(UnityEngine.Rendering.BlendMode)] _DstBlend("Dst Blend",Float) = 0
		[Enum(Off,0,On,1)] _ZWrite("Z Write",Float) = 1
	}

	SubShader
	{
		Pass
		{
			Tags{"LightMode" = "CustomLit"}

			Blend[_SrcBlend][_DstBlend]
			ZWrite[_ZWrite]

			HLSLPROGRAM
			#pragma target 3.5
			#pragma shader_feature _CLIPPING
			#pragma shader_feature _PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA
			#pragma multi_compile_instancing
			#pragma vertex LitPassVertex
			#pragma fragment LitPassFragment
			#include "LitPass.hlsl"

			ENDHLSL
		}
	}

	CustomEditor "CustomShaderGUI"
}

UnlitPass

#ifndef CUSTOM_UNLIT_PASS_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_UNLIT_PASS_INCLUDE

#include "../ShaderLibrary/Common.hlsl"

//srp Batching
//CBUFFER_START(UnityPerMaterial)
//	float4 _BaseColor;
//CBUFFER_END

TEXTURE2D(_BaseMap);
SAMPLER(sampler_BaseMap);

//GPU instancing
UNITY_INSTANCING_BUFFER_START(UnityPerMaterial)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float4, _BaseMap_ST)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float4, _BaseColor)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float,_Cutoff)
UNITY_INSTANCING_BUFFER_END(UnityPerMaterial)

struct Attributes
{
	float3 positionOS:POSITION;
	float2 baseUV:TEXCOORD0;
	UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};

struct Varyings
{
	float4 positionCS:SV_POSITION;
	float2 baseUV:VAR_BASE_UV;
	UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};

Varyings UnlitPassVertex(Attributes input)
{
	Varyings output;
	UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(input);
	UNITY_TRANSFER_INSTANCE_ID(input, output);

	float3 positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(input.positionOS);
	output.positionCS = TransformWorldToHClip(positionWS);

	float4 baseST = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _BaseMap_ST);
	output.baseUV = input.baseUV * baseST.xy + baseST.zw;
	return output;
}

float4 UnlitPassFragment(Varyings input) :SV_Target
{
	UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(input);

	float4 baseMap = SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_BaseMap, sampler_BaseMap, input.baseUV);
	float4 baseColor = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _BaseColor);

	float4 base = baseMap * baseColor;

#if defined(_CLIPPING)
	clip(base.a - UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _Cutoff));
#endif

	return base;
}

#endif

LitPass

#ifndef CUSTOM_LIT_PASS_INCLUDE
#define CUSTOM_LIT_PASS_INCLUDE

#include "../ShaderLibrary/Common.hlsl"
#include "../ShaderLibrary/Surface.hlsl"
#include "../ShaderLibrary/Light.hlsl"
#include "../ShaderLibrary/BRDF.hlsl"
#include "../ShaderLibrary/Lighting.hlsl"

//srp Batching
//CBUFFER_START(UnityPerMaterial)
//	float4 _BaseColor;
//CBUFFER_END

TEXTURE2D(_BaseMap);
SAMPLER(sampler_BaseMap);

//GPU instancing
UNITY_INSTANCING_BUFFER_START(UnityPerMaterial)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float4, _BaseMap_ST)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float4, _BaseColor)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float, _Cutoff)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float, _Metallic)
UNITY_DEFINE_INSTANCED_PROP(float, _Smoothness)
UNITY_INSTANCING_BUFFER_END(UnityPerMaterial)

struct Attributes
{
	float3 positionOS:POSITION;
	float3 normalOS:NORMAL;
	float2 baseUV:TEXCOORD0;
	UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};

struct Varyings
{
	float4 positionCS:SV_POSITION;
	float3 positionWS:VAR_POSITION;
	float3 normalWS:VAR_NORMAL;
	float2 baseUV:VAR_BASE_UV;
	UNITY_VERTEX_INPUT_INSTANCE_ID
};

Varyings LitPassVertex(Attributes input)
{
	Varyings output;
	UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(input);
	UNITY_TRANSFER_INSTANCE_ID(input, output);

	output.positionWS = TransformObjectToWorld(input.positionOS);
	output.positionCS = TransformWorldToHClip(output.positionWS);


	output.normalWS = TransformObjectToWorldNormal(input.normalOS);

	float4 baseST = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _BaseMap_ST);
	output.baseUV = input.baseUV * baseST.xy + baseST.zw;
	return output;
}

float4 LitPassFragment(Varyings input) :SV_Target
{
	UNITY_SETUP_INSTANCE_ID(input);

	float4 baseMap = SAMPLE_TEXTURE2D(_BaseMap, sampler_BaseMap, input.baseUV);
	float4 baseColor = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _BaseColor);

	float4 base = baseMap * baseColor;

#if defined(_CLIPPING)
	clip(base.a - UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _Cutoff));
#endif

	//可视化法线
	//base.rgb = normalize(input.normalWS);

	Surface surface;
	surface.normal = normalize(input.normalWS);
	surface.viewDirection = normalize(_WorldSpaceCameraPos - input.positionWS);
	surface.color = base.rgb;
	surface.alpha = base.a;
	surface.metallic = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _Metallic);
	surface.smoothness = UNITY_ACCESS_INSTANCED_PROP(UnityPerMaterial, _Smoothness);

#if defined(_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA)
	BRDF brdf = GetBRDF(surface,true);
#else
	BRDF brdf = GetBRDF(surface);
#endif

	float3 color = GetLighting(surface,brdf);

	return float4(color,surface.alpha);
}

#endif

自定义ShaderGUI


using UnityEditor;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Rendering;

public class CustomShaderGUI : ShaderGUI
{
    MaterialEditor editor;
    Object[] materials;
    MaterialProperty[] properties;

    bool showPresets;

    public override void OnGUI(MaterialEditor materialEditor, MaterialProperty[] properties)
    {
        base.OnGUI(materialEditor, properties);

        editor = materialEditor;
        materials = materialEditor.targets;
        this.properties = properties;

        EditorGUILayout.Space();
        showPresets = EditorGUILayout.Foldout(showPresets, "Presets", true);
        if (showPresets)
        {
            OpaquePreset();
            ClipPreset();
            FadePreset();
            TransparentPreset();
        }
    }

    private bool SetProperty(string name, float value)
    {
        var property = FindProperty(name, properties, false);
        if (property != null)
        {
            property.floatValue = value;
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    private void SetKeyword(string keyword, bool enabled)
    {
        if (enabled)
        {
            foreach (Material m in materials)
            {
                m.EnableKeyword(keyword);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            foreach (Material m in materials)
            {
                m.DisableKeyword(keyword);
            }
        }
    }

    private void SetProperty(string name, string keyword, bool value)
    {
        if (SetProperty(name, value ? 1f : 0f))
        {
            SetKeyword(keyword, value);
        }
    }

    bool Clipping
    {
        set
        {
            SetProperty("_Clipping", "_CLIPPING", value);
        }
    }

    bool PremultiplyAlpha
    {
        set
        {
            SetProperty("_PremulAlpha", "_PREMULTIPLY_ALPHA", value);
        }
    }

    BlendMode SrcBlend
    {
        set
        {
            SetProperty("_SrcBlend", (float)value);
        }
    }

    BlendMode DstBlend
    {
        set
        {
            SetProperty("_DstBlend", (float)value);
        }
    }

    bool ZWrite
    {
        set
        {
            SetProperty("_ZWrite", value ? 1f : 0f);
        }
    }

    RenderQueue RenderQueue
    {
        set
        {
            foreach (Material m in materials)
            {
                m.renderQueue = (int)value;
            }
        }
    }

    bool PresetButton(string name)
    {
        if (GUILayout.Button(name))
        {
            editor.RegisterPropertyChangeUndo(name);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

    void OpaquePreset()
    {
        if (PresetButton("Opaque"))
        {
            Clipping = false;
            PremultiplyAlpha = false;
            SrcBlend = BlendMode.One;
            DstBlend = BlendMode.Zero;
            ZWrite = true;
            RenderQueue = RenderQueue.Geometry;
        }
    }

    void ClipPreset()
    {
        if (PresetButton("Clip"))
        {
            Clipping = true;
            PremultiplyAlpha = false;
            SrcBlend = BlendMode.One;
            DstBlend = BlendMode.Zero;
            ZWrite = true;
            RenderQueue = RenderQueue.AlphaTest;
        }
    }

    void FadePreset()
    {
        if (PresetButton("Fade"))
        {
            Clipping = false;
            PremultiplyAlpha = false;
            SrcBlend = BlendMode.SrcAlpha;
            DstBlend = BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha;
            ZWrite = false;
            RenderQueue = RenderQueue.Transparent;
        }
    }

    void TransparentPreset()
    {
        if (HasPremultiplyAlpha && PresetButton("Transparent"))
        {
            Clipping = false;
            PremultiplyAlpha = true;
            SrcBlend = BlendMode.One;
            DstBlend = BlendMode.OneMinusSrcAlpha;
            ZWrite = false;
            RenderQueue = RenderQueue.Transparent;
        }
    }

    bool HasProperty(string name) => FindProperty(name, properties, false) != null;

    bool HasPremultiplyAlpha => HasProperty("_PremulAlpha");
}

Examples
PerObjectMaterialProperties

using UnityEngine;

[DisallowMultipleComponent]
public class PerObjectMaterialProperties : MonoBehaviour
{
    static int
        baseColorId = Shader.PropertyToID("_BaseColor"),
        cutoffId = Shader.PropertyToID("_Cutoff"),
        metallicId = Shader.PropertyToID("_Metallic"),
        smoothnessId = Shader.PropertyToID("_Smoothness");

    static MaterialPropertyBlock block;

    [SerializeField]
    Color baseColor = Color.white;

    [SerializeField, Range(0f, 1f)]
    float cutoff = 0.5f, metallic = 0f, smoothness = 0.5f;

    private void Awake()
    {
        OnValidate();
    }

    private void OnValidate()
    {
        if (block == null)
        {
            block = new MaterialPropertyBlock();
        }
        block.SetColor(baseColorId, baseColor);
        block.SetFloat(cutoffId, cutoff);
        block.SetFloat(metallicId, metallic);
        block.SetFloat(smoothnessId, smoothness);
        GetComponent<Renderer>().SetPropertyBlock(block);
    }
}

MeshBall

using UnityEngine;

public class MeshBall : MonoBehaviour
{
    static int
        baseColorId = Shader.PropertyToID("_BaseColor"),
        metallicId = Shader.PropertyToID("_Metallic"),
        smoothnessId = Shader.PropertyToID("_Smoothness");

    [SerializeField]
    Mesh mesh = default;

    [SerializeField]
    Material material = default;

    Matrix4x4[] matrices = new Matrix4x4[1023];
    Vector4[] baseColors = new Vector4[1023];
    float[]
        metallic = new float[1023],
        smoothness = new float[1023];

    MaterialPropertyBlock block;

    private void Awake()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < matrices.Length; i++)
        {
            matrices[i] = Matrix4x4.TRS(Random.insideUnitSphere * 10f,
                Quaternion.Euler(Random.value * 360f, Random.value * 360f, Random.value * 360f),
                Vector3.one * Random.Range(0.5f, 1.5f));
            baseColors[i] = new Vector4(Random.value, Random.value, Random.value, Random.Range(0.5f, 1f));
            metallic[i] = Random.value < 0.25f ? 1f : 0f;
            smoothness[i] = Random.Range(0.05f, 0.95f);
        }
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        if (block == null)
        {
            block = new MaterialPropertyBlock();
            block.SetVectorArray(baseColorId, baseColors);
            block.SetFloatArray(metallicId, metallic);
            block.SetFloatArray(smoothnessId, smoothness);
        }
        Graphics.DrawMeshInstanced(mesh, 0, material, matrices, 1023, block);
    }
}