一、首先记录下来petalinux生成的设备树文件
这个是system-top.dts内容：
/*
* CAUTION: This file is automatically generated by Xilinx.
* Version:
* Today is: Fri Dec 27 11:18:21 2019
*/
/dts-v1/;
/include/ "zynq-7000.dtsi"
/include/ "pcw.dtsi"
/ {
chosen {
bootargs = "earlycon";
stdout-path = "serial0:115200n8";
};
aliases {
ethernet0 = &gem0;
serial0 = &uart1;
spi0 = &qspi;
};
memory {
device_type = "memory";
reg = <0x0 0x20000000>;
};
};
#include "system-user.dtsi"
这个是system-user.dtsi 内容：
/include/ "system-conf.dtsi"
/ {
reserved-memory {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
ranges;
rproc_0_reserved: rproc@18000000 {
no-map;
reg = <0x18000000 0x01000000>;
};
};
amba {
elf_ddr_0: ddr@0 {
compatible = "mmio-sram";
reg = <0x18000000 0x400000>;
};
};
remoteproc0: remoteproc@0 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq_remoteproc";
firmware = "firmware";
vring0 = <15>;
vring1 = <14>;
srams = <&elf_ddr_0>;
};
};
这个是system-conf.dtsi内容：
/*
* CAUTION: This file is automatically generated by PetaLinux SDK.
* DO NOT modify this file
*/
/ {
chosen {
bootargs = "console=ttyPS0,115200 earlyprintk root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait rootfstype=ext4 mem=256M maxcpus=1";
stdout-path = "serial0:115200n8";
};
};
&gem0 {
local-mac-address = [00 0a 35 00 1e 53];
};
&qspi {
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <0>;
flash0: flash@0 {
compatible = "n25q512a","micron,m25p80";
reg = <0x0>;
#address-cells = <1>;
#size-cells = <1>;
spi-max-frequency = <50000000>;
partition@0x00000000 {
label = "boot";
reg = <0x00000000 0x00500000>;
};
partition@0x00500000 {
label = "bootenv";
reg = <0x00500000 0x00020000>;
};
partition@0x00520000 {
label = "kernel";
reg = <0x00520000 0x00a80000>;
};
partition@0x00fa0000 {
label = "spare";
reg = <0x00fa0000 0x00000000>;
};
};
};
二、DTS的基本语法
① “/”为root节点。在一个.dts文件中，有且仅有一个root节点；在root节点下有“node1”，“node2”子节点，称root为“node1”和“node2”的parent节点，除了root节点外，每个节点有且仅有一个parent；其中子节点node1下还存在子节点“child-nodel1”和“child-node2”。
② 上面三个dts文件里都包含了一个根节点，编译器DTC在对DTS进行编译时，会对节点进行合并操作，最终生成的dtb只有一个根节点。
③ 在节点的{}里面是描述该节点的属性（property），即设备的特性。
④ 对于相同名称的节点，dtc会根据定义的先后顺序进行合并，其相同属性，取后定义的那个。
⑤ /dts-v1/： 第一行的/dts-v1/表示设备树文件的版本没有实际的意义，设备树中的文件每条语句结束时，都会加上";"，表示一条语句的完成，和C语言类似。
⑥ "memory"是板级内存的信息。
⑦ ”chosen“是板级启动参数。
⑧ aliases node用来定义别名，类似C++中引用。
⑨ #include “xxx.dtsi” 和 /include/ “xxx.dtsi” 功能相同。
三、反编译DTB得到DTC 与 解析
执行下面命令，使用DTC反编译DTB得到DTS。
dtc -I dtb -O dts -o test.dts system.dtb
得到的dts如下：
/dts-v1/;
/ {
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-7000";
cpus {
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
cpu@0 {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9";
device_type = "cpu";
reg = <0x0>;
clocks = <0x1 0x3>;
clock-latency = <0x3e8>;
cpu0-supply = <0x2>;
operating-points = <0xa2c2a 0xf4240 0x51615 0xf4240>;
};
cpu@1 {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9";
device_type = "cpu";
reg = <0x1>;
clocks = <0x1 0x3>;
};
};
fpga-full {
compatible = "fpga-region";
fpga-mgr = <0x3>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
ranges;
};
pmu@f8891000 {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9-pmu";
interrupts = <0x0 0x5 0x4 0x0 0x6 0x4>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
reg = <0xf8891000 0x1000 0xf8893000 0x1000>;
};
fixedregulator {
compatible = "regulator-fixed";
regulator-name = "VCCPINT";
regulator-min-microvolt = <0xf4240>;
regulator-max-microvolt = <0xf4240>;
regulator-boot-on;
regulator-always-on;
linux,phandle = <0x2>;
phandle = <0x2>;
};
amba {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
compatible = "simple-bus";
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
ranges;
adc@f8007100 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-xadc-1.00.a";
reg = <0xf8007100 0x20>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x7 0x4>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0xc>;
};
can@e0008000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-can-1.0";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x13 0x1 0x24>;
clock-names = "can_clk", "pclk";
reg = <0xe0008000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x1c 0x4>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
tx-fifo-depth = <0x40>;
rx-fifo-depth = <0x40>;
};
can@e0009000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-can-1.0";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x14 0x1 0x25>;
clock-names = "can_clk", "pclk";
reg = <0xe0009000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x33 0x4>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
tx-fifo-depth = <0x40>;
rx-fifo-depth = <0x40>;
};
gpio@e000a000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-gpio-1.0";
#gpio-cells = <0x2>;
clocks = <0x1 0x2a>;
gpio-controller;
interrupt-controller;
#interrupt-cells = <0x2>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x14 0x4>;
reg = <0xe000a000 0x1000>;
emio-gpio-width = <0x40>;
gpio-mask-high = <0x0>;
gpio-mask-low = <0x5600>;
};
i2c@e0004000 {
compatible = "cdns,i2c-r1p10";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x26>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x19 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0004000 0x1000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
};
i2c@e0005000 {
compatible = "cdns,i2c-r1p10";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x27>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x30 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0005000 0x1000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
};
interrupt-controller@f8f01000 {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9-gic";
#interrupt-cells = <0x3>;
interrupt-controller;
reg = <0xf8f01000 0x1000 0xf8f00100 0x100>;
num_cpus = <0x2>;
num_interrupts = <0x60>;
linux,phandle = <0x4>;
phandle = <0x4>;
};
cache-controller@f8f02000 {
compatible = "arm,pl310-cache";
reg = <0xf8f02000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x2 0x4>;
arm,data-latency = <0x3 0x2 0x2>;
arm,tag-latency = <0x2 0x2 0x2>;
cache-unified;
cache-level = <0x2>;
};
memory-controller@f8006000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-ddrc-a05";
reg = <0xf8006000 0x1000>;
};
ocmc@f800c000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-ocmc-1.0";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x3 0x4>;
reg = <0xf800c000 0x1000>;
};
serial@e0000000 {
compatible = "xlnx,xuartps", "cdns,uart-r1p8";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x17 0x1 0x28>;
clock-names = "uart_clk", "pclk";
reg = <0xe0000000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x1b 0x4>;
};
serial@e0001000 {
compatible = "xlnx,xuartps", "cdns,uart-r1p8";
status = "okay";
clocks = <0x1 0x18 0x1 0x29>;
clock-names = "uart_clk", "pclk";
reg = <0xe0001000 0x1000>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x32 0x4>;
device_type = "serial";
port-number = <0x0>;
};
spi@e0006000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-spi-r1p6";
reg = <0xe0006000 0x1000>;
status = "disabled";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x1a 0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x19 0x1 0x22>;
clock-names = "ref_clk", "pclk";
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
};
spi@e0007000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-spi-r1p6";
reg = <0xe0007000 0x1000>;
status = "disabled";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x31 0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x1a 0x1 0x23>;
clock-names = "ref_clk", "pclk";
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
};
spi@e000d000 {
clock-names = "ref_clk", "pclk";
clocks = <0x1 0xa 0x1 0x2b>;
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-qspi-1.0";
status = "okay";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x13 0x4>;
reg = <0xe000d000 0x1000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
is-dual = <0x0>;
num-cs = <0x1>;
spi-rx-bus-width = <0x4>;
spi-tx-bus-width = <0x4>;
flash@0 {
compatible = "n25q512a", "micron,m25p80";
reg = <0x0>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
spi-max-frequency = <0x2faf080>;
partition@0x00000000 {
label = "boot";
reg = <0x0 0x500000>;
};
partition@0x00500000 {
label = "bootenv";
reg = <0x500000 0x20000>;
};
partition@0x00520000 {
label = "kernel";
reg = <0x520000 0xa80000>;
};
partition@0x00fa0000 {
label = "spare";
reg = <0xfa0000 0x0>;
};
};
};
memory-controller@e000e000 {
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
status = "disabled";
clock-names = "memclk", "aclk";
clocks = <0x1 0xb 0x1 0x2c>;
compatible = "arm,pl353-smc-r2p1";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x12 0x4>;
ranges;
reg = <0xe000e000 0x1000>;
flash@e1000000 {
status = "disabled";
compatible = "arm,pl353-nand-r2p1";
reg = <0xe1000000 0x1000000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
};
flash@e2000000 {
status = "disabled";
compatible = "cfi-flash";
reg = <0xe2000000 0x2000000>;
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
};
};
ethernet@e000b000 {
compatible = "cdns,zynq-gem", "cdns,gem";
reg = <0xe000b000 0x1000>;
status = "okay";
interrupts = <0x0 0x16 0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x1e 0x1 0x1e 0x1 0xd>;
clock-names = "pclk", "hclk", "tx_clk";
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
phy-mode = "rgmii-id";
xlnx,ptp-enet-clock = <0x69f6bcb>;
local-mac-address = [00 0a 35 00 1e 53];
};
ethernet@e000c000 {
compatible = "cdns,zynq-gem", "cdns,gem";
reg = <0xe000c000 0x1000>;
status = "disabled";
interrupts = <0x0 0x2d 0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x1f 0x1 0x1f 0x1 0xe>;
clock-names = "pclk", "hclk", "tx_clk";
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x0>;
};
sdhci@e0100000 {
compatible = "arasan,sdhci-8.9a";
status = "okay";
clock-names = "clk_xin", "clk_ahb";
clocks = <0x1 0x15 0x1 0x20>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x18 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0100000 0x1000>;
xlnx,has-cd = <0x1>;
xlnx,has-power = <0x0>;
xlnx,has-wp = <0x1>;
};
sdhci@e0101000 {
compatible = "arasan,sdhci-8.9a";
status = "disabled";
clock-names = "clk_xin", "clk_ahb";
clocks = <0x1 0x16 0x1 0x21>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x2f 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0101000 0x1000>;
};
slcr@f8000000 {
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-slcr", "syscon", "simple-mfd";
reg = <0xf8000000 0x1000>;
ranges;
linux,phandle = <0x5>;
phandle = <0x5>;
clkc@100 {
#clock-cells = <0x1>;
compatible = "xlnx,ps7-clkc";
fclk-enable = <0x1>;
clock-output-names = "armpll", "ddrpll", "iopll", "cpu_6or4x", "cpu_3or2x", "cpu_2x", "cpu_1x", "ddr2x", "ddr3x", "dci", "lqspi", "smc", "pcap", "gem0", "gem1", "fclk0", "fclk1", "fclk2", "fclk3", "can0", "can1", "sdio0", "sdio1", "uart0", "uart1", "spi0", "spi1", "dma", "usb0_aper", "usb1_aper", "gem0_aper", "gem1_aper", "sdio0_aper", "sdio1_aper", "spi0_aper", "spi1_aper", "can0_aper", "can1_aper", "i2c0_aper", "i2c1_aper", "uart0_aper", "uart1_aper", "gpio_aper", "lqspi_aper", "smc_aper", "swdt", "dbg_trc", "dbg_apb";
reg = <0x100 0x100>;
ps-clk-frequency = <0x1fca055>;
linux,phandle = <0x1>;
phandle = <0x1>;
};
rstc@200 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-reset";
reg = <0x200 0x48>;
#reset-cells = <0x1>;
syscon = <0x5>;
};
pinctrl@700 {
compatible = "xlnx,pinctrl-zynq";
reg = <0x700 0x200>;
syscon = <0x5>;
};
};
dmac@f8003000 {
compatible = "arm,pl330", "arm,primecell";
reg = <0xf8003000 0x1000>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupt-names = "abort", "dma0", "dma1", "dma2", "dma3", "dma4", "dma5", "dma6", "dma7";
interrupts = <0x0 0xd 0x4 0x0 0xe 0x4 0x0 0xf 0x4 0x0 0x10 0x4 0x0 0x11 0x4 0x0 0x28 0x4 0x0 0x29 0x4 0x0 0x2a 0x4 0x0 0x2b 0x4>;
#dma-cells = <0x1>;
#dma-channels = <0x8>;
#dma-requests = <0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x1b>;
clock-names = "apb_pclk";
};
devcfg@f8007000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-devcfg-1.0";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x8 0x4>;
reg = <0xf8007000 0x100>;
clocks = <0x1 0xc 0x1 0xf 0x1 0x10 0x1 0x11 0x1 0x12>;
clock-names = "ref_clk", "fclk0", "fclk1", "fclk2", "fclk3";
syscon = <0x5>;
linux,phandle = <0x3>;
phandle = <0x3>;
};
efuse@f800d000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-efuse";
reg = <0xf800d000 0x20>;
};
timer@f8f00200 {
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9-global-timer";
reg = <0xf8f00200 0x20>;
interrupts = <0x1 0xb 0x301>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
clocks = <0x1 0x4>;
};
timer@f8001000 {
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0xa 0x4 0x0 0xb 0x4 0x0 0xc 0x4>;
compatible = "cdns,ttc";
clocks = <0x1 0x6>;
reg = <0xf8001000 0x1000>;
};
timer@f8002000 {
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x25 0x4 0x0 0x26 0x4 0x0 0x27 0x4>;
compatible = "cdns,ttc";
clocks = <0x1 0x6>;
reg = <0xf8002000 0x1000>;
};
timer@f8f00600 {
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x1 0xd 0x301>;
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9-twd-timer";
reg = <0xf8f00600 0x20>;
clocks = <0x1 0x4>;
};
usb@e0002000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-usb-2.20a", "chipidea,usb2";
status = "okay";
clocks = <0x1 0x1c>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x15 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0002000 0x1000>;
phy_type = "ulpi";
};
usb@e0003000 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-usb-2.20a", "chipidea,usb2";
status = "disabled";
clocks = <0x1 0x1d>;
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x2c 0x4>;
reg = <0xe0003000 0x1000>;
phy_type = "ulpi";
};
watchdog@f8005000 {
clocks = <0x1 0x2d>;
compatible = "cdns,wdt-r1p2";
interrupt-parent = <0x4>;
interrupts = <0x0 0x9 0x1>;
reg = <0xf8005000 0x1000>;
timeout-sec = <0xa>;
};
ddr@0 {
compatible = "mmio-sram";
reg = <0x18000000 0x400000>;
linux,phandle = <0x6>;
phandle = <0x6>;
};
};
chosen {
bootargs = "console=ttyPS0,115200 earlyprintk root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rw rootwait rootfstype=ext4 mem=256M maxcpus=1";
stdout-path = "serial0:115200n8";
};
aliases {
ethernet0 = "/amba/ethernet@e000b000";
serial0 = "/amba/serial@e0001000";
spi0 = "/amba/spi@e000d000";
};
memory {
device_type = "memory";
reg = <0x0 0x20000000>;
};
reserved-memory {
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
ranges;
rproc@18000000 {
no-map;
reg = <0x18000000 0x1000000>;
};
};
remoteproc@0 {
compatible = "xlnx,zynq_remoteproc";
firmware = "firmware";
vring0 = <0xf>;
vring1 = <0xe>;
srams = <0x6>;
};
};
注：
① compatible 的内容为字符串数组，如：
compatible = "xlnx,zynq-7000";
compatible = "arm,cortex-a9";
表示设备型号等，linux内核根据此节点属性匹配具体的驱动程序。
② reg 的内容为16进制，如：
reg = <0x18000000 0x1000000>;
可以与下面两个搭配使用。
#address-cells = <0x1>;
#size-cells = <0x1>;
表示此设备可操作的地址范围。
③ interrupt-controller(中断控制器)
此属性为空，通过此属性以表明此设备具有中断相关功能。
④ amba 是arm公司提出的一个总线协议规范。
⑤ 节点名称可以是：“<名称>[@<设备地址>]”形式，如：adc@f8007100
或只有名称的形式，如：cpus。
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