利用HDL构建一个ALU
在构建ALU之前,需要构建半加器,全加器,加法器16位,Inc16位
一、HalfAdder半加器:
原理:两个输入,两个输出;用于计算两个比特位之间的加法,并记录溢出位的bit。
门电路图如下:
HDL描述:
// This file is part of www.nand2tetris.org
// and the book "The Elements of Computing Systems"
// by Nisan and Schocken, MIT Press.
// File name: projects/02/HalfAdder.hdl
/**
* Computes the sum of two bits.
*/
CHIP HalfAdder {
IN a, b; // 1-bit inputs
OUT sum, // Right bit of a + b
carry; // Left bit of a + b
PARTS:
Xor(a=a, b=b, out=sum);
And(a=a, b=b, out=carry);
}
二、全加器FullAdder
原理:三个输入,两个输出;用于计算3个比特位的加法,会把结果和溢出位bit输出。
HDL描述:
// This file is part of www.nand2tetris.org
// and the book "The Elements of Computing Systems"
// by Nisan and Schocken, MIT Press.
// File name: projects/02/FullAdder.hdl
CHIP FullAdder {
IN a, b, c; // 1-bit inputs
OUT sum, // Right bit of a + b + c
carry; // Left bit of a + b + c
PARTS:
HalfAdder(a=a, b=b, sum=absum, carry=abcarry);
HalfAdder(a=absum, b=c, sum=sum, carry=abccarry); // suma, rezultat
Or(a=abcarry, b=abccarry, out=carry); // carry, rezultat
}
三、Adder16(16位加法器)
原理:两个输入,一个输出。把两个16bit数字相加,忽略溢出位
HDL描述:
// This file is part of www.nand2tetris.org
// and the book "The Elements of Computing Systems"
// by Nisan and Schocken, MIT Press.
// File name: projects/02/Adder16.hdl
/**
* Adds two 16-bit values.
* The most significant carry bit is ignored.
*/
CHIP Add16 {
IN a[16], b[16];
OUT out[16];
PARTS:
HalfAdder(a=a[0], b=b[0], sum=out[0],