蓝桥杯嵌入式国赛笔记(3):其他拓展板程序设计（温、湿度传感器、光敏电阻等）

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于 2024-05-28 20:46:53 发布

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分类专栏：嵌入式文章标签：蓝桥杯笔记

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42937740/article/details/138687891

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13 篇文章 1 订阅

订阅专栏

1、DS18B20读取

int16_t ds18b20_read(void)
{
	
	uint8_t Val[2];
	int16_t x;
	
	ow_reset();
	ow_byte_wr(OW_SKIP_ROM);
	ow_byte_wr(DS18B20_CONVERT);
	delay_us(750000);
	
	ow_reset();
	ow_byte_wr(OW_SKIP_ROM);
	ow_byte_wr(DS18B20_READ);
	
	int i;
	for(i=0;i<2;i++)
	{
		Val[i] = ow_byte_rd();
	}
	
	x = Val[1];
	x <<= 8; 
	x |= Val[0];
	return x;
}

2、DHT11

2.1 宏定义

#define	DHT11_PIN_PORT       GPIOA
#define	DHT11_PIN        GPIO_PIN_7
#define	DHT11_PIN_CLOCK  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE()
#define	DHT11_PIN_OUT_H   HAL_GPIO_WritePin(DHT11_PIN_PORT, DHT11_PIN, GPIO_PIN_SET)
#define	DHT11_PIN_OUT_L   HAL_GPIO_WritePin(DHT11_PIN_PORT, DHT11_PIN, GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define	DHT11_PIN_IN      HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(DHT11_PIN_PORT, DHT11_PIN)

2.2 延时

#define Delay_us(X)  delay((X)*80/5)

void delay(unsigned int n)
{
    while(n--);
}

2.3 设置引脚输出

void DHT11_PIN_OUT(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

    /**/
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = DHT11_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;//推挽输出
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;//高速
    HAL_GPIO_Init(DHT11_PIN_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

2.4 设置引脚输入

void DHT11_PIN_INPUT(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    DHT11_PIN_CLOCK;
    /**/
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = DHT11_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;//输入
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;//上拉
    HAL_GPIO_Init(DHT11_PIN_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

2.5 复位

//复位DHT11
void DHT11_Rst(void)
{
    DHT11_PIN_OUT(); 	//设置为输出
    DHT11_PIN_OUT_L; 	//低电平
    HAL_Delay(20);	//拉低至少18ms
    DHT11_PIN_OUT_H; 	//高电平
    Delay_us(60);     	//主机拉高20~40us
}

2.6 检测函数

//等待DHT11的回应
//返回1:未检测到DHT11的存在
//返回0:存在
uint8_t DHT11_Check(void)
{
    uint8_t re = 0;
    DHT11_PIN_INPUT();      //设置为输入
    while (DHT11_PIN_IN && re < 100) //DHT11会拉低40~80us
    {
        re++;
        Delay_us(1);
    };
    if(re >= 100)return 1;
    else re = 0;
    while (!DHT11_PIN_IN && re < 100) //DHT11拉低后会再次拉高40~80us
    {
        re++;
        Delay_us(1);
    };
    if(re >= 100)return 1;
    return 0;
}

2.7 读取DHT11一个位

2.7.1 数据位为0的电平信号显示

2.7.2 数据位为1的电平信号显示

//从DHT11读取一个位
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Bit(void)
{
    uint8_t re = 0;
    while(DHT11_PIN_IN && re < 110) //等待变为低电平
    {
        re++;
        Delay_us(1);
    }
    re = 0;
    while(!DHT11_PIN_IN && re < 110) //等待变高电平
    {
        re++;
        Delay_us(1);
    }
    Delay_us(80);//等待40us
    if(DHT11_PIN_IN)return 1;
    else return 0;
}

2.8 读取DHT11一个字节

//从DHT11读取一个字节
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Byte(void)
{
    uint8_t i, dat;
    dat = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
    {
        dat <<= 1;
        dat |= DHT11_Read_Bit();
    }
    return dat;
}

2.9 DHT11初始化

//初始化DHT11的IO口，同时检测DHT11的存在
uint8_t DHT11_Init(void)
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
    DHT11_PIN_CLOCK;;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = DHT11_PIN;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;//推挽输出
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_HIGH;//告诉
    HAL_GPIO_Init(DHT11_PIN_PORT, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    DHT11_Rst();//复位
    return DHT11_Check();
}

2.10 读取DHT11一次数据

//从DHT11读取一次数据
uint8_t DHT11_Read_Data(uint8_t *temp, uint8_t *humi)
{
    uint8_t buf[5];
    uint8_t i;
    DHT11_Rst();
    if(DHT11_Check() == 0)
    {
        for(i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            buf[i] = DHT11_Read_Byte();
        }
        if((buf[0] + buf[1] + buf[2] + buf[3]) == buf[4])
        {
            *humi = buf[0];
            *temp = buf[2];
        }
    }
    else return 1;
    return 0;
}

3、光敏电阻

3.1 光敏电阻DO

3.1.1 CubeMx配置

3.1.2 初始化光敏电阻DO

void Photo_DO_Init()
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 0 */

  ADC_ChannelConfTypeDef sConfig = {0};

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 1 */
  /** Common config
  */
  hadc2.Instance = ADC2;
  hadc2.Init.ClockPrescaler = ADC_CLOCK_ASYNC_DIV2;
  hadc2.Init.Resolution = ADC_RESOLUTION_12B;
  hadc2.Init.DataAlign = ADC_DATAALIGN_RIGHT;
  hadc2.Init.GainCompensation = 0;
  hadc2.Init.ScanConvMode = ADC_SCAN_DISABLE;
  hadc2.Init.EOCSelection = ADC_EOC_SINGLE_CONV;
  hadc2.Init.LowPowerAutoWait = DISABLE;
  hadc2.Init.ContinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc2.Init.NbrOfConversion = 1;
  hadc2.Init.DiscontinuousConvMode = DISABLE;
  hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConv = ADC_SOFTWARE_START;
  hadc2.Init.ExternalTrigConvEdge = ADC_EXTERNALTRIGCONVEDGE_NONE;
  hadc2.Init.DMAContinuousRequests = DISABLE;
  hadc2.Init.Overrun = ADC_OVR_DATA_PRESERVED;
  hadc2.Init.OversamplingMode = DISABLE;
  if (HAL_ADC_Init(&hadc2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Configure Regular Channel
  */
  sConfig.Channel = ADC_CHANNEL_17;
  sConfig.Rank = ADC_REGULAR_RANK_1;
  sConfig.SamplingTime = ADC_SAMPLETIME_640CYCLES_5;
  sConfig.SingleDiff = ADC_SINGLE_ENDED;
  sConfig.OffsetNumber = ADC_OFFSET_NONE;
  sConfig.Offset = 0;
  if (HAL_ADC_ConfigChannel(&hadc2, &sConfig) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_Init 2 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC2_Init 2 */

}
void HAL_ADC_MspInit(ADC_HandleTypeDef* adcHandle)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  
  if(adcHandle->Instance==ADC2)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 0 */
    /* ADC2 clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_ADC12_CLK_ENABLE();

    __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**ADC2 GPIO Configuration
    PA4     ------> ADC2_IN17
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_ANALOG;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /* USER CODE BEGIN ADC2_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END ADC2_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

3.2 光敏电阻AO

3.2.1 CubeMx配置

3.2.2 初始化光敏电阻AO

void Photo_AO_Init()
{
	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOF_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PA3 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_3;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}