CMMI评审（五）

过程改进相关问题

CMMI （Capability Maturity Model Integration For Software，软件能力成熟度模型集成）是在CMM（Capability Maturity Model For Software，软件能力成熟度模型）的基础上发展而来的。CMMI是由美国卡耐基梅隆大学软件工程研究所（Software Engineering Institute，SEI）组织全世界的软件过程改进和软件开发管理方面的专家历时四年而开发出来的，并在全世界推广实施的一种软件能力成熟度评估标准，主要用于指导软件开发过程的改进和进行软件开发能力的评估。

1.组织标准(软件)过程是如何建立和维护的？ How to establish and maintain organization standard(software)process?

组织成立EPG小组，建立《EPG章程》，制定了《过程改进计划》；
EPG成员参考CMMI模型要求，结合公司的实际情况，外部专家的指导下，制订并发布了试行的标准体系文档，并且指定项目进行试点，根据试点中发现的问题进行修订，形成了正式的组织标准过程，在组织内部推广实施。
标准体系文档纳入组织财富库中，并且在组织内部培训和宣贯。
EPG小组根据《过程改进计划》，定期评审在实施过程中收集的过程改进意见，对相关标准过程进行修订，经过高管的审核和批准后，在组织内部发布。
The organization set up the EPG team, the establishment of ““EPG charter””, formulated the "“process improvement plan requirements;
the members of the EPG reference model of CMMI, with the actual situation of the company, outside under the guidance of experts, formulated and issued the standard system for documents, and designated pilot projects,
amended according to the pilot discovered the problem, the formation of the standard process of formal organization, within the organization to promote the implementation of.
The standard system of document organization into wealth library, and organize internal training and publicizing.
In accordance with the process improvement plan, the EPG team periodically reviews the process improvement ideas collected during the implementation process, and updates the relevant standards processes and releases them within the organization after the approval and approval of the executives.”

2.组织定义了哪几种生命周期模型?如何应用于项目？ What lifecycles have organization defined? How to apply in project? "在《生命周期模型和裁剪指南》进行了定义，包括：V、中等简化V、最简化V、瀑布、原型等模型。
根据软件工程的特征,参考组织的生命周期模型选型指南,结合项目的实际情况，选择合适的生命周期并裁剪形成项目PDP,把项目PDP提交EPG进行审批,批准后用于指导项目的管理。

he life cycle model and cutting instructions are defined, including: V-shape, medium simplification, V-shape, most simplified V-shape, waterfall, prototype, and other models.
According to the characteristics of software engineering, life cycle model selection guide reference organization, the actual situation of the project, select the appropriate life cycle and cut the formation of project PDP, submitted to EPG for approval of the project PDP, after approval for guiding the project management."

3.公司有没有建立组织的度量库？在过程活动中主要收集了哪些度量数据？ Has company set up organization meassurement library? What measurement data collected in process activities?

有。公司制定了组织度量项及组织度量计划，指导组织度量数据的收集；通过项目测量表对项目进行测量，完成之后交给EPG进行分析汇总，形成组织测量表。这些度量文件都存放在组织的度量库中，供以后的项目参考。
度量项主要是与项目规模、时间、成本、质量及风险有关的计划数据和实际数据。
Yes。 The company developed a measure and organization measure plan organization, guidance organization’s measurement data collected by the project; measuring scale of measurement of the project, after the completion of EPG to analyze and summarize the formation, organization scale. These metrics are stored in the organization’s metrics library for future project reference.
Metrics are planned data and actual data relating to project size, time, cost, quality, and ris"

4.如何在组织内部管理过程财富？如何促进应用于日常工作？ How to manage process asset library in organization? How to promote and apply in daily work?

标准体系文件经过修订和评审后纳入组织财富库，同时接受配置审计，发布审计报告和配置状态报告。
培训记录和培训资料都纳入组织财富库中进行管理，包括面向EPG成员的CMMI培训和面向全体员工的标准体系文件宣贯。
日常项目结项时，向EPG提交过程实践的经验，经EPG审批后，纳入组织财富库，并提交配置状态报告，财富库中有项目的管理经验、技术经验、可重用代码、过程改进意见、度量数据、培训经验等。
After amend and review, standard system document will add into organization asset library, and accept configuration audit. pulish audit report and configuration condition report.
training record and training material will add into organization asset library to manage, ainclude the CMMI training for EPG and for all employees, standard system document learining. conclude daily project, deliver process practice experience to EPG, after EPG review, take into organization asset library and send configuration condition report,organization asset library has project management experience, technizal experience, reuse code, process improvement suggestion,measurement data, training experience,etc. "

5.公司有没有明确的项目工作环境标准？ Has the company define project work environment standard?

有，《标准工作环境管理规程》，包括了工作场所的管理、软硬件工作环境的管理及公司标准的工作环境清单。 Yes, standard work environment management specification, include work place management, software and hardware work environment management and company standard work environment list.

**6.如何保证实现组织过程定义的目标？**How to ensure the accomplishment of organization defined goal? "
（1）建立组织过程定义的规范；
（2）制定过程改进计划；
（3）明确EPG的职责；
（4）确定EPG活动需要的资源；
（5）共利益者参与组织过程评审；
（6）高管定期听取EPG汇报，对标准过程文件审批。

1. set up OPD standard.
2. make process improvement plan
3. define EPG responsibility
4. confirm necessary resource in EPG activities
5. common benificiary participate in organization process review.
6. senior manager obtain regular EPG report, review for standard process document.

7.QA是否有审核EPG的工作？如何审核？ Will QA audit EPG work? How to audit?

组织级QA定期检查EGP和CM的工作,以及对组织财富库进行物理审计；
高管定期听取EPG和QA的工作汇报。
Organize QA to check QA and CM regularly, and implement physical audit for organization asset library. Senior manager obtain EPG and QA regular report."

8.怎样收集组织过程定义的改进信息 how to collect improvement information defined in organization process.

通过咨询公司辅助进行的差距分析，主动发放的反馈表，项目过程中的沟通，QA的反映等
based on the assistance from consultant company to do gap analysis, hand feedback list, communication in project process, QA reflection, etc.