生信服务器配置1:挂载大容量硬盘

1.查看已经挂载磁盘。-h看起来更方便

df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs        504G     0  504G   0% /dev
tmpfs           504G     0  504G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           504G  563M  504G   1% /run
tmpfs           504G     0  504G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdb3       500G  1.8G  498G   1% /
/dev/sdb5       459G   33M  459G   1% /home
/dev/sdb2      1016M  134M  882M  14% /boot
/dev/sdb1       200M   12M  189M   6% /boot/efi
tmpfs           101G     0  101G   0% /run/user/0

2.查看是否有可用未挂载磁盘。

fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 178897.2 GB, 178897200087040 bytes, 349408593920 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 1048576 bytes

WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.

Disk /dev/sdb: 1099.5 GB, 1099510579200 bytes, 2147481600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 1048576 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 9C97375F-81DC-4938-9765-63436A8B6021


#         Start          End    Size  Type            Name
 1         2048       411647    200M  EFI System      EFI System Partition
 2       411648      2508799      1G  Microsoft basic 
 3      2508800   1051084799    500G  Microsoft basic 
 4   1051084800   1185302527     64G  Linux swap      
 5   1185302528   2147479551  458.8G  Microsoft basic 

看到新的硬盘/dev/sda 容量为：178897.2 GB
178897.2 GB = 175 TB

3.parted进行分区

一般情况下，我们都是选择使用fdisk工具来进行分区，但是目前在实际生产环境中使用的磁盘空间越来越大，呈TiB级别增长；而常用的fdisk这个工具对分区是有大小限制的，它只能划分小于2T的磁盘，所以在划大于2T磁盘分区的时候fdisk就无法满足要求了；这个时候有2个方法，其一是通过卷管理来实现，其二就是通过parted工具来实现对GPT磁盘进行分区操作；这里我们采用parted的方法来实现管理。
常见的分区命令

 mklabel 创建新的磁盘标签 (分区表)
 mkpart	 创建一个分区 
 print	 打印分区表，或者分区 
 quit    退出程序 

(parted) mkpart primary 0 45TB
Warning: The resulting partition is not properly aligned for best performance.
Ignore/Cancel? I
(parted) P                                                                
Model: DELL PERC H750 Adp (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 179TB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    File system  Name     Flags
 1      17.4kB  45.0TB  45.0TB               primary

关于parted分区的详细命令
https://www.cnblogs.com/wangmo/p/9243658.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/pipci/p/11372530.html
parted很好用，可以查看，建立，删除分区等

继续分区：

#逻辑分区
mkpart  logical 130TB 179TB

4.格式化并且挂载

 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda2
 mount /dev/sda2  /lustre
 
 mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
 mount /dev/sda1  /lustre1

5.设置自动挂载

[root@localhost user]# cat /etc/fstab

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed Dec 29 19:43:33 2021
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
UUID=f07f496b-f7b8-4bf7-a0da-0036c4db3cdc /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=7797478d-d7ef-4777-9dd2-711d4d535467 /boot                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=9E48-0E74          /boot/efi               vfat    umask=0077,shortname=winnt 0 0
UUID=e3d78258-740d-4349-8b85-dbc5f32b685b /home                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=15cce8f1-2284-46c1-aab4-fbf97220eccd swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

修改配置文件，将以下加入配置文件

/dev/sda2	/lustre	ext4	defaults	0	1
/dev/sda1	/lustre1	ext4	defaults	0	1

最后查看挂载成功与否：df -h 查看，如下，挂载成功

/dev/sda2        77T   36K   74T   1% /lustre
/dev/sda1        41T   20K   39T   1% /lustre1