PaddleX---Faster RCNN目标检测

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-23 14:17:54 发布

与其在风雨中逃避，不如在雷电中舞蹈

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-23 14:17:54 发布

阅读量2.1k

点赞数 1

分类专栏：学习记录文章标签：机器学习 python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43468161/article/details/105938906

版权

本文介绍了Faster RCNN目标检测模型，它将特征提取、候选框提取等集成在一个网络中，提高检测速度和精度。通过PaddleX进行模型训练，包括GPU配置、数据处理和模型定义，并展示了模型预测与结果可视化。

摘要由CSDN通过智能技术生成

RCNN介绍

RCNN（Regions with CNN features）是将CNN方法应用到目标检测问题上，由年轻有为的RBG大神提出，借助CNN良好的特征提取和分类性能，通过RegionProposal方法实现目标检测问题的转化。

算法分为三步：

1）候选区域选择，根据提取的目标图像进行归一化，作为CNN的标准输入。

2）CNN特征提取，标准的CNN过程就是根据输入进行卷积/池化等操作，得到固定维度的输出

3）分类与边界回归，包含两个子步骤，一是对上一步的输出向量进行分类（需要根据特征训练分类器），二是通过边界回归得到精准的目标区域。

Fast-RCNN

Faster RCNN是一个目标检测模型，将特征提取、候选框提取、bounding box回归、分类集成在了一个网络中，使得检测速度和精度有所提升。

Fast-RCNN主要贡献就是在于对RCNN进行加速，在以下方面得到改进：

1)借鉴SPP思路，提出了简化版的ROI池化层，同时加入了候选框映射功能，使得网络能够反向传播，解决了SPP的整体网络训练问题。

2)多任务的loss层

21）softmaxloss代替了SVM，证明了softmax比SVM有更好的效果。

22）smoothloss取代了boudingbox回归

将分类和边框回归进行合并，通过多任务loss层进一步整合深度网络，统一了训练过程，提高了算法的准确性。

3）全连接层通过SVD加速

4）结合上面的改进，模型训练时可对所有层进行更新，除了速度提升外（训练速度是SPP的3倍，测试速度10倍），得到了更好的检测效果（VOCO7数据集mAP为70，mAP,是目标检测中衡量识别精度的指标，多个类别目标检测中，每个类别都可以根据召回率和准确率绘制一条曲线，AP就是该曲线下的面积，mAP意思是对每一类的AP再求平均。）

这里使用了paddlepaddle中的PaddleX进行Faster RCNN,所以先安装PaddelX

安装paddlex，地址是https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/simple，地址下面是有下划线的
! pip install paddlex -i https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/simple

Looking in indexes: https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/simple
Collecting paddlex
  Downloading https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/packages/d6/e3/da77d8ef8c08d190199e02ba6296ead5f92ea556f0785c3bd27dce7cc28f/paddlex-0.1.4-py3-none-any.whl (190kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 194kB 10.9MB/s eta 0:00:01
Collecting pycocotools (from paddlex)
  Downloading https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/packages/96/84/9a07b1095fd8555ba3f3d519517c8743c2554a245f9476e5e39869f948d2/pycocotools-2.0.0.tar.gz (1.5MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 1.5MB 20.0MB/s eta 0:00:01
Collecting colorama (from paddlex)
  Downloading https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/packages/c9/dc/45cdef1b4d119eb96316b3117e6d5708a08029992b2fee2c143c7a0a5cc5/colorama-0.4.3-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied: tqdm in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlex) (4.36.1)
Collecting paddleslim==1.0.1 (from paddlex)
  Downloading https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/packages/69/3c/880afac020e3393da5a55b4e0b504d2b644a7ebe91092d953185f09660d1/paddleslim-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (103kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 112kB 12.5MB/s eta 0:00:01
Requirement already satisfied: pyyaml in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlex) (5.1.2)
Requirement already satisfied: visualdl==1.3.0 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlex) (1.3.0)
Collecting paddlehub>=1.6.2 (from paddlex)
  Downloading https://mirror.baidu.com/pypi/packages/6e/07/d4839d63853c01d2f9d040ff079e63e007c9e4084e74f447baf46b426811/paddlehub-1.6.2-py3-none-any.whl (207kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 215kB 22.6MB/s eta 0:00:01
Requirement already satisfied: Flask in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (1.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (1.16.4)
Requirement already satisfied: protobuf>=3.1.0 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (3.10.0)
Requirement already satisfied: Pillow in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (6.2.0)
Requirement already satisfied: scipy in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (1.3.0)
Requirement already satisfied: opencv-python in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (4.1.1.26)
Requirement already satisfied: cma==2.7.0 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (2.7.0)
Requirement already satisfied: gunicorn>=19.10.0; sys_platform != "win32" in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (20.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: chardet==3.0.4 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (3.0.4)
Requirement already satisfied: colorlog in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (4.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: tensorboard>=1.15 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (2.1.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pre-commit in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (1.21.0)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.10.0 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (1.12.0)
Requirement already satisfied: tb-paddle in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (0.3.6)
Requirement already satisfied: yapf==0.26.0 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (0.26.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pandas; python_version >= "3" in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (0.23.4)
Requirement already satisfied: sentencepiece in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (0.1.85)
Requirement already satisfied: requests in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (2.22.0)
Requirement already satisfied: nltk in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (3.4.5)
Requirement already satisfied: flake8 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from paddlehub>=1.6.2->paddlex) (3.7.9)
Requirement already satisfied: click>=5.1 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from Flask->visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (7.0)
Requirement already satisfied: itsdangerous>=0.24 in /opt/conda/envs/python35-paddle120-env/lib/python3.7/site-packages (from Flask->visualdl==1.3.0->paddlex) (1.1.0)
Requ