opencv3编程入门（第五章5.2.3-5.6.4）

5.2.3图片的ROI区域混合：

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
bool ROI_LinearBlending();
int main()
{
	system("color 5E");
	if (ROI_LinearBlending())
	{cout << "ROI_LinearBlending" << "运行成功！" << endl; }
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}
bool ROI_LinearBlending()
{
	Mat srcImage1, srcImage2;
	 srcImage1 = imread("diaochan.jpg");
	 srcImage2 = imread("wxr.jpg");
	if (!srcImage1.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	if (!srcImage2.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	Mat imageROI;
	imageROI = srcImage1(Rect(50, 50, srcImage2.cols, srcImage2.rows));
	//imageROI = srcImage1(Range(50,  50+srcImage2.rows)
	//,Range(200,200+srcImage2.cols,));
	addWeighted(imageROI, 0.5, srcImage2, 0.3, 0., imageROI);
	namedWindow("叠加窗口");
	imshow("叠加窗口", srcImage1);
	imwrite("0.1.jpg", srcImage1);
	return true;
}

程序执行结果如图：

5.3，分离颜色通道、多通道图像混合：

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
bool MultiChannelBlending();
void ShowHelpText();
int main()
{
	system("color 9F");
	if (MultiChannelBlending())
	{
		cout << "ROI_LinearBlending" << "运行成功！" << endl;
	}
	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}
bool MultiChannelBlending()
{
	Mat srcImage1, srcImage2;
	vector<Mat> channels;
	Mat imageBlueChannel;
	srcImage1 = imread("dch.jpg");
	srcImage2 = imread("wxr.jpg",0);//传入单通道灰度图
	if (!srcImage1.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	if (!srcImage2.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	split(srcImage1, channels);//分离原图三通道
	imageBlueChannel = channels.at(0);
	Mat imageROI = imageBlueChannel(Rect(50, 50, srcImage2.cols,
		srcImage2.rows));//原图的蓝色通道找出ROI区域
	addWeighted(imageROI, 1.0, srcImage2, 0.5, 0., imageROI);
	///原图的蓝色通道找出ROI区域和logo区域混合，此时logo自动成蓝色单通道图
	merge(channels, srcImage1);//合并原图通道
	namedWindow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道");
	imshow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道", srcImage1);
	imwrite("1.0.jpg", srcImage1);
	Mat imageGreenchannel;
	srcImage1 = imread("dch.jpg");
	srcImage2 = imread("wxr.jpg", 0);
	if (!srcImage1.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	if (!srcImage2.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	split(srcImage1, channels);
	imageGreenchannel = channels.at(1);
	Mat imageROI1 = imageGreenchannel(Rect(50, 50, srcImage2.cols,
		srcImage2.rows));
	addWeighted(imageROI1, 1.0, srcImage2, 0.5, 0., imageROI1);
	merge(channels, srcImage1);
	namedWindow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道");
	imshow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道", srcImage1);
	imwrite("1.1.jpg", srcImage1);
	Mat imageRedchannel;
	srcImage1 = imread("dch.jpg");
	srcImage2 = imread("wxr.jpg", 0);
	if (!srcImage1.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	if (!srcImage2.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	split(srcImage1, channels);
	imageRedchannel = channels.at(2);
	Mat imageROI2 = imageRedchannel(Rect(50, 50, srcImage2.cols,
		srcImage2.rows));
	addWeighted(imageROI2, 1.0, srcImage2, 0.5, 0., imageROI2);
	merge(channels, srcImage1);
	namedWindow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道");
	imshow("游戏原画+logo蓝色通道", srcImage1);
	imwrite("1.2.jpg", srcImage1);
	return true;
}

程序执行结果如图；



5.4图像杜比对亮度值调整：

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#include<iostream>
static void on_ContrastAndBright(int ,void*);
static void ShowHelpText();
int g_nContrastValue, g_nBrightValue;
Mat g_srcImage, g_dstImage;
int main()
{
	g_srcImage = imread("dch.jpg");
	if (!g_srcImage.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	g_dstImage = Mat::zeros(g_srcImage.size(), g_srcImage.type());
	g_nContrastValue = 80;//设置对比度初始值
	g_nBrightValue=80;//设置亮度初始值
	namedWindow("效果图窗口", 1);
	createTrackbar("对比度", "效果图窗口",  &g_nContrastValue, 300, 
		on_ContrastAndBright);
	createTrackbar("亮度", "效果图窗口", &g_nBrightValue, 200,
		on_ContrastAndBright);
	on_ContrastAndBright(g_nContrastValue, 0);//回调函数初始化
	on_ContrastAndBright(g_nBrightValue, 0);//回调函数初始化
	while (char(waitKey(1)) != 'q'){}
	return 0;
}
static void on_ContrastAndBright(int, void*)
{
	namedWindow("原始图窗口", 1);
	//三个for循环执行g_dstImage(i,j)=a*g_srcImage(i,j)+b
	for (int y = 0; y < g_srcImage.rows; y++)
	{
		for (int x = 0; x < g_srcImage.cols; x++)
		{
			for (int c = 0; c < 3; c++)
			{
				g_dstImage.at<Vec3b>(y, x)[c] = saturate_cast<uchar>((
					g_nContrastValue*0.01)*(g_srcImage.at<Vec3b>(y, x)[c]) +
					g_nBrightValue);
				/*saturate_cast<uchar>模板函数用于溢出保护大致原理如下
				if(data<0)
				data=0;
				else if(data>255)
				data=255;*/
			}
		}
	}
	imshow("原始图窗口", g_srcImage);
	imshow("效果图窗口", g_dstImage);
	imwrite("5.4.jpg", g_dstImage);
}

程序执行结果如图；

5.5离散傅里叶变换：

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main()
{
	//1.以灰度模式读取原始图像
	Mat srcImage = imread("dch.jpg",0);
	if (!srcImage.data){
		printf("读取错误！\n");
		return false;
	}
	imshow("原始图像", srcImage);
	//2.将输入图像延拓到最佳尺寸，边界用0填充
	int m = getOptimalDFTSize(srcImage.rows);
	int n = getOptimalDFTSize(srcImage.cols);
	Mat padded;
	copyMakeBorder(srcImage, padded, 0, m - srcImage.rows, 0, n -
		srcImage.cols, BORDER_CONSTANT, Scalar::all(0));
	//3.魏傅里叶变换的结果（实部和虚部）分配存储空间
	Mat planes[] = {
		Mat_<float>(padded), Mat::zeros(padded.size(), CV_32F)
	};
	Mat complexI;
	merge(planes, 2, complexI);
	//4.就行就地离散傅里叶变换
	dft(complexI, complexI);
	//5.将复数转换为幅值
	split(complexI, planes);
	//planes[0] = Re(DFT(I), planes[1] = Im(DFT(I))
		magnitude(planes[0], planes[1],planes[0]);
	Mat magnitudeImage = planes[0];
	//6.进行对数尺度缩放
	magnitudeImage += Scalar::all(1);
	log(magnitudeImage, magnitudeImage);
	//7.剪切和重分布幅度图像限，
	magnitudeImage = magnitudeImage(Rect(0, 0, magnitudeImage.cols&-2,
		magnitudeImage.rows&-2));
	int cx = magnitudeImage.cols / 2;
	int cy = magnitudeImage.rows / 2;
	Mat q0(magnitudeImage, Rect(0, 0, cx, cy));
	Mat q1(magnitudeImage, Rect(cx, 0, cx, cy));
	Mat q2(magnitudeImage, Rect(0, cy, cx, cy));
	Mat q3(magnitudeImage, Rect(cx,cy, cx, cy));
	//交换象限
	Mat tmp;
	q0.copyTo(tmp);
	q3.copyTo(q0);
	tmp.copyTo(q3);
	q1.copyTo(tmp);
	q2.copyTo(q1);
	tmp.copyTo(q2);
	//8.归一化，用0-1之间的浮点值将矩阵变换为可视的图像格式
	normalize(magnitudeImage, magnitudeImage, 0, 1, NORM_MINMAX);
	//9.显示效果图
	imshow("频谱赋值", magnitudeImage);
	imwrite("5.5.jpg", magnitudeImage);
	waitKey();
	return 0;
}

程序执行结果如图：
原图为：
傅里叶图谱为：

5.6.3 XML和YAML文件的写入：

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#include <time.h>
int main()
{
	FileStorage fs("test.yaml", FileStorage::WRITE);
	//文件写入
	fs << "frameCout" << 5;
	time_t rawtime; time(&rawtime);
	fs << "calibrationDate" << asctime(localtime(&rawtime));
	Mat cameraMatrix = (Mat_<double>(3, 3) << 1000, 0, 320, 0, 1000, 240, 0, 0, 1);
	Mat distCoeffs = (Mat_<double>(5, 1) << 0.1, 0.01, -0.001, 0, 0);
	fs << "cameraMatrix" << cameraMatrix << "distCoeffs" << distCoeffs;
	fs << "features" << "[";
	for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
	{
		int x = rand() % 640;
		int y = rand() % 480;
		uchar lbp = rand() % 256;
		fs << "{:" << "x" << x << "y" << y << "lbp" << "[:";
		for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
			fs << ((lbp >> j) & 1);
		fs << "]" << "}";
	}
	fs << "]";
	fs.release();
	printf("文件读写完毕");
		getchar();
	return 0;
}

程序执行结果如图：

5.6.4 XML和YAML文件的读取：

#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#include<iostream>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
#include <time.h>
int main()
{
	//改变console字体的颜色
	system("color 6F");
	FileStorage fs2("test.yaml", FileStorage::READ);
	//第一种方法,对FileNode操作
	int frameCount = (int)fs2["frameCount"];
	std::string date;
	//第二种方法，使用FileNode运算符>>
	fs2["calibrationDate"] >> date;
	Mat cameraMatrix2, disCoeffs2;
	fs2["cameraMatrix"] >> cameraMatrix2;
	fs2["disCoeffs2"] >> disCoeffs2;
	cout << "frameCount:" << frameCount << endl
	<< "calibration date" << date<< endl
	 << "camera matrix" << cameraMatrix2<< endl
	 << "distortion coeffs" << disCoeffs2 << endl;
	FileNode features = fs2["features"];
	FileNodeIterator it = features.begin(), it_end = features.end();
	int idx = 0;
	std::vector<uchar>lbpval;
	for (; it != it_end; ++it, idx++)
	{
		cout << "feature#" << idx << ":";
		cout << "x=" << (int)(*it)["x"] << ",y=" << (int)(*it)["y"] <<
			",lbp:(";
		//也可以使用FileNode>>三通道：：vector操作符读取阵列
		(*it)["lbp"] >> lbpval;
		for (int i = 0; i < (int)lbpval.size(); i++)
			cout << " " << (int)lbpval[i];
		cout << ")" << endl;
	}
	fs2.release();
	printf("文件读取完毕");
	getchar();
	return 0;
}

程序执行结果如图：