字符设备驱动程序之异步通知

---

前言

应用程序主动去read
①查询：耗资源
②：中断：read()一直在读，不会退出
③：poll机制：指定起始时间
本驱动程序是再改进一下，驱动程序 提醒 应用
目标：按下按键时：驱动程序通知应用

---

一、过程

①应用程序：注册信号处理函数
②谁发：驱动程序
③发给谁：->app ->app要告诉给驱动PID号
④怎么发？ kill_fasync

二、代码

1.key_drv.c

代码如下（示例）：

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/irq.h>
#include <asm/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/irq.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>
#include <asm/hardware.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>

static struct class *keydrv_class;
static struct class_device	*keydrv_class_dev;

volatile unsigned long *GPFCON;
volatile unsigned long *GPFDAT;

volatile unsigned long *GPGCON;
volatile unsigned long *GPGDAT;

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);


/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1，third_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;

static struct fasync_struct *button_async;

struct pin_desc {
	unsigned int pin;
	unsigned int key_val;
};


static unsigned char key_val;
/* 键值: 按下时:0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时:0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
	{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
	{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
	{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
	{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},

};

static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id) {
	struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
	unsigned int pinval;

	pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
	
	if(pinval){
		/* 松开 */
		key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
	} else {
		/* 按下 */
		key_val = pindesc->key_val;
	}

	ev_press = 1;                  /* 表示中断发生了 */
    wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
	
	kill_fasync (&button_async, SIGIO, POLL_IN);
	
	return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);

}

static int key_drv_open(struct inode* inode, struct file *file){
	/* 配置 GPF0,GPF2为输入引脚(置0) */
	
	/* 配置 GPG3,GPG11为输入引脚(置0) */
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT0,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT2,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
	request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);
	
	
	return 0;
}

static ssize_t key_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos) {
	if(size != 1) {
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
	wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

	/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
	copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
	ev_press = 0;
	return 1;


}

int key_drv_close (struct inode* inode, struct file *file) {

	free_irq(IRQ_EINT0,  &pins_desc[0]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT2,  &pins_desc[1]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
	free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
	

	return 0;
}

static unsigned key_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
	unsigned int mask = 0;
	poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠

	if (ev_press)
		mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;

	return mask;
}

static int key_drv_fasync (int fd, struct file *filp, int on)
{
	printk("driver: key_drv_fasync\n");
	return fasync_helper (fd, filp, on, &button_async);
}

static struct file_operations key_drv_fops = {
	.owner   = THIS_MODULE,
	.open    = key_drv_open,
	.read    = key_drv_read,
	.release = key_drv_close,
	.poll	 = key_drv_poll,
	.fasync	 = key_drv_fasync,
};

int major;
static int key_drv_init(void) {
	major = register_chrdev(0, "key_drv", &key_drv_fops);	//注册驱动程序，告诉内核
	
	keydrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "key_drv");

	keydrv_class_dev = class_device_create(keydrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

	GPFCON = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);		//物理地址映射成虚拟地址
	GPFDAT = GPFCON + 1;

	GPGCON = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);		//物理地址映射成虚拟地址
	GPGDAT = GPGCON + 1;
	
	return 0;
}

static void key_drv_exit(void) {
	unregister_chrdev(major, "key_drv");	//卸载驱动
	
	class_device_unregister(keydrv_class_dev);	
	
	class_destroy(keydrv_class);

	iounmap(GPFCON);	//解除映射关系
	iounmap(GPGCON);	//解除映射关系
	
}

module_init(key_drv_init);
module_exit(key_drv_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");		//让linux识别定义的类

2.测试程序

keydrvtest.c代码如下（示例）：

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

/* keydrvtest 
  */
int fd;
void my_signal_fun(int signum)
{
	unsigned char key_val;
	read(fd, &key_val, 1);
	printf("key_val: 0x%x\n", key_val);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
	unsigned char key_val;

	int ret;
	int Oflags;
	signal(SIGIO, my_signal_fun);
	
	
	fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
	if (fd < 0)
	{
		printf("can't open!\n");
	}

	fcntl(fd, F_SETOWN, getpid());
	
	Oflags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL); 
	fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, Oflags | FASYNC);
	while (1)
	{
		sleep(1000);
	}
	
	return 0;
}

---

结果