019 gtsam/examples/Pose2SLAMExampleExpressions.cpp

是一个自动求导的例子

一、预定义文件

/**
 * @file Pose2SLAMExampleExpressions.cpp
 * @brief Expressions version of Pose2SLAMExample.cpp
 * @date Oct 2, 2014
 * @author Frank Dellaert
 */

// The two new headers that allow using our Automatic Differentiation Expression framework
#include <gtsam/slam/expressions.h>
#include <gtsam/nonlinear/ExpressionFactorGraph.h>

// For an explanation of headers below, please see Pose2SLAMExample.cpp
#include <gtsam/slam/BetweenFactor.h>
#include <gtsam/geometry/Pose2.h>
#include <gtsam/nonlinear/GaussNewtonOptimizer.h>
#include <gtsam/nonlinear/Marginals.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace gtsam;

二、main function

直接支持自动求导的 factor graph

  // 1. Create a factor graph container and add factors to it
  ExpressionFactorGraph graph;

位姿表示

  // Create Expressions for unknowns
  Pose2_ x1(1), x2(2), x3(3), x4(4), x5(5);

里程计噪声模型

  // For simplicity, we use the same noise model for odometry and loop closures
  auto model = noiseModel::Diagonal::Sigmas(Vector3(0.2, 0.2, 0.1));

添加里程计因子

  // 2b. Add odometry factors
  graph.addExpressionFactor(between(x1, x2), Pose2(2, 0, 0), model);
  graph.addExpressionFactor(between(x2, x3), Pose2(2, 0, M_PI_2), model);
  graph.addExpressionFactor(between(x3, x4), Pose2(2, 0, M_PI_2), model);
  graph.addExpressionFactor(between(x4, x5), Pose2(2, 0, M_PI_2), model);

  // 2c. Add the loop closure constraint
  graph.addExpressionFactor(between(x5, x2), Pose2(2, 0, M_PI_2), model);
  graph.print("\nFactor Graph:\n");  // print

设置初始估计值

  // 3. Create the data structure to hold the initialEstimate estimate to the
  // solution For illustrative purposes, these have been deliberately set to
  // incorrect values
  Values initialEstimate;
  initialEstimate.insert(1, Pose2(0.5, 0.0, 0.2));
  initialEstimate.insert(2, Pose2(2.3, 0.1, -0.2));
  initialEstimate.insert(3, Pose2(4.1, 0.1, M_PI_2));
  initialEstimate.insert(4, Pose2(4.0, 2.0, M_PI));
  initialEstimate.insert(5, Pose2(2.1, 2.1, -M_PI_2));
  initialEstimate.print("\nInitial Estimate:\n");  // print

优化并得到边际概率

  // 4. Optimize the initial values using a Gauss-Newton nonlinear optimizer
  GaussNewtonParams parameters;
  parameters.relativeErrorTol = 1e-5;
  parameters.maxIterations = 100;
  GaussNewtonOptimizer optimizer(graph, initialEstimate, parameters);
  Values result = optimizer.optimize();
  result.print("Final Result:\n");

  // 5. Calculate and print marginal covariances for all variables
  cout.precision(3);
  Marginals marginals(graph, result);
  cout << "x1 covariance:\n" << marginals.marginalCovariance(1) << endl;
  cout << "x2 covariance:\n" << marginals.marginalCovariance(2) << endl;
  cout << "x3 covariance:\n" << marginals.marginalCovariance(3) << endl;
  cout << "x4 covariance:\n" << marginals.marginalCovariance(4) << endl;
  cout << "x5 covariance:\n" << marginals.marginalCovariance(5) << endl;

  return 0;