六边形网格系统

六边形网格系统

在数据分析时，尤其是在数据可视化中，很多时候要用到网格划分，六边形网格以其优越的表现广泛应用。本文中，使用了python语言，做了简易的网格生成，及其颜色的填充，效果如下。这本文中的代码只能作为写代码时的一个参考。

代码中所需模块包有：

math
numy
matplotlib

Python代码如下

### Persus & Xie
### 网格系统
## 六边形网格

import math
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

def cal_r(x,y,xx,yy):
    r = math.sqrt((xx-x)**2+(yy-y)**2)
    return r
def cal_theta(x,y,x1,y1):
    # calculate the point's angle
    r = cal_r(x,y,x1,y1)
    if x1-x>0 and y1-y >=0:
        theta1 =  math.asin((y1-y)/r)
    elif x1-x>=0 and y1-y<0:
       
        theta1 = math.pi*2+math.asin((y1-y)/r)
    elif x1-x<0 and y1-y<=0 :
        theta1 = math.pi-math.asin((y1-y)/r)
    elif x1-x<=0 and y1-y>0 :
        theta1 = math.pi-math.asin((y1-y)/r)
    else:
        theta1=0
#    print("plot1.....")
    return theta1
def polygon(x,y,n,r,co="teal"):
    y2 = []
    angle0 = 2*math.pi / n /2 #calculate the angle of r and the edge of the vertical
    angle1 = np.arange(0,6*math.pi*2/n,math.pi*2/n) #calciulate the angle of spin
    y0 = r * math.cos(angle0)+y # calculate the high of the edge
    x0 = r*math.sin(angle0) #calculate the length of side
    x2 = [-x0+x,x0+x]
    xx = []
    yy = []
    for i in range(len(x2)):
        y2.append(y0)
    for j in angle1:
        new_x = []
        new_y = []
        for i in range(len(x2)):
            r = cal_r(x,y,x2[i],y2[i])
            theta=cal_theta(x,y,x2[i],y2[i])
            nx = math.cos( j+theta+math.pi/6)*r
            ny = math.sin( j+theta+math.pi/6)*r
            nnx = nx+x
            nny = ny +y
            #if nny >0:
            new_x.append(nx+x)
            new_y.append(ny+y)
            if i %2 == 0:
                xx.append(nx+x)
                yy.append(ny+y)
        plt.plot(new_x,new_y,c="k",lw=1)
    plt.fill(xx,yy,alpha=0.9,color=co)

def grid_hexagon(x1=0,x2=10,y1=0,y2=10,n=6,r=2,color ="teal"):
    """
    generate hexagon grid
    """
    angle0 = 2*math.pi / n /2 #calculate the angle of r and the edge of the vertical
    angle1 = np.arange(0,6*math.pi*2/n,math.pi*2/n) #calciulate the angle of spin
    #y0 = r * math.cos(angle0)+y0 # calculate the high of the edge
#    print(n,r,angle0)
    x0 = r*math.sin(angle0)
    
    print(x1,x2,y1,y2)
    for i in range(int((x2+r*math.sqrt(3)-x1)/(r*math.sqrt(3)))):
        #print(i)
        #polygon(x1+i*r*math.sqrt(3),y1,6,r)
        for j in range(int((y2+r*math.sqrt(3)-x1)/(r*math.sqrt(3)))):
            
            if j%2 == 0:
                polygon(x1+i*r*math.sqrt(3),y1+j*((x0+r)),6,r,color)
            else:
                #print(j)
                polygon(x1+(i)*r*math.sqrt(3)+r*math.sqrt(3)/2,y1+j*((x0+r)),6,r,color)
#print(a)

plt.figure(figsize=[9,8])
#plt.xlim(-15,15)
#plt.ylim(-15,15)
grid_hexagon(0,5,0,5,6,2)


grid_hexagon(12,20,12,20,6,2,"#ff6163")
plt.savefig("hexagon.png",dpi=300,format="png")
plt.show()