6.Vertex Shaders

6. Vertex Shaders

30. Turning a box into a sphere

Now we’re working in 3D,means we need to change our camera from orthographic camera to perspective camera.

From 42,Change shading mode to sahded Wireframe.

30.1 The Unity Uniform _SinTime

_SinTime.x = sin(time/8)
y = sin(time/4)
z = sin(time/2)
w = sin(time)

30.2 Using position to define a sphere

v.vertex ——square

normalize(v.vertex.xyz)*_Radius*0.01,v.vertex.w ——sphere

这里乘以0.01是因为square 的scale是100

use lerp to change

v2f vert (appdata_base v)
            {
                v2f o;

                float delta = (_SinTime.w + 1)/2;
                float4 s = float4(normalize(v.vertex.xyz)*_Radius*0.01, v.vertex.w);
                float4 pos = lerp(v.vertex, s, delta);

                o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(pos);

                return o;
            }

31. Using the Unity lighting-Lambert

31.1 Real-time 3D lighting

• Physically correct lighting
• Phong lighting
• Binn-Phong lighting
• Lambert lighting

31.2 Lambert lighting

漫反射是指入射光线被物体表面反射到各个角度，所以反射角度是不确定的，重要的是入射角度。通过入射角度可以确定反射光线的强度。

漫反射光照符合兰伯特定律(Lambert’s law)：反射光线的强度与表面法线和光源方向之间夹角的余弦值成正比。因此，漫反射部分的计算如下：
$$c_{diffuse}=(c_{light}\cdot m_{diffuse})max(0,n\cdot I)$$
n是表面法线，I是指向光源的单位矢量，$$m_{diffuse}$$ 是漫反射材质颜色，$$c_{light}$$是光源颜色。防止点乘为负（被来自后面的物体照亮），所以要截取到0。

这里是n到I的投影。

Shader45:

Shader "NiksShaders/Shader45Lit"
{
    Properties
    {
        _Radius("Radius", Float) = 1.0
    }
    SubShader
    {
        Tags { "LightMode"="ForwardBase" }//开启前向渲染
     
        LOD 100

        Pass
        {
            CGPROGRAM

            #pragma vertex vert
            #pragma fragment frag

            #include "UnityCG.cginc"
            #include "UnityLightingCommon.cginc"

            struct v2f
            {
                float4 vertex : SV_POSITION;
                fixed4 diff : COLOR0; // diffuse lighting color
            };
            
            float _Radius;
            float _Delta;

            v2f vert (appdata_base v)
            {
                v2f o;

                float delta = (_SinTime.w + 1.0)/2.0;
                
                float3 normal = normalize(v.vertex.xyz);
                float4 s = float4(normal * _Radius * 0.01, v.vertex.w);
                float4 pos = lerp(v.vertex, s, delta);
                float3 dnormal = lerp(v.normal,normal,delta);//用来替代v.normal

                o.vertex = UnityObjectToClipPos(pos);
                //顶点法线变换到世界坐标系，由于光照方向就在世界空间，所以法线也要转换到相同空间
                half3 worldNormal = UnityObjectToWorldNormal(dnormal);
                half nl = max(0,dot(worldNormal,_WorldSpaceLightPos0.xyz));//光源坐标，点乘后得到标量计算光强，这里叫nl可能是因为noraml*lightDir
                o.diff = nl * _LightColor0;//光强*颜色

                return o;
            }
             
            float4 frag (v2f i) : COLOR
            {
                fixed4 color = 1;
                // multiply by lighting
                color *= i.diff;
                return color;
            }
            ENDCG
        }
    }
}

32. Creating a ball of lava？

用了一个噪声函数，然后加了一些贴图~额，这里搞懂再更新