正点原子alpha开发板学习记录—裸机点灯

正点原子alpha开发板

汇编版 LED 灯实验

1、使能GPIO1时钟

GPIO1 的时钟由 CCM_CCGR1 的 bit27 和 bit26 这两个位控制,将这两个位都设置位 11 即可。

2、设置 GPIO1_IO03 的复用功能

找到 GPIO1_IO03 的复用寄存器“IOMUXC_SW_MUX_CTL_PAD_GPIO1_IO03”的地址为0X020E0068,然后设置此寄存器,将 GPIO1_IO03 这个 IO 复用为 GPIO 功能,也就是 ALT5。

3、配置 GPIO1_IO03的IO属性

找到 GPIO1_IO03 的配置寄存器“IOMUXC_SW_PAD_CTL_PAD_GPIO1_IO03”的地址为0X020E02F4,根据实际使用情况,配置此寄存器。

4、设置 GPIO1_IO03为输出模式

5、控制 GPIO1_IO03 的输出电平

数据传输常用的指令有三个:MOV、MRS 和 MSR

存储器访问指令:LDR 是从存储器读取数据,STR 就是将数据写入到存储器

压栈和出栈指令:PUSH、POP

led.s

.global _start  /* 全局标号 */

/*
 * 描述:	_start函数,程序从此函数开始执行此函数完成时钟使能、
 *		  GPIO初始化、最终控制GPIO输出低电平来点亮LED灯。
 */
_start:
	/* 例程代码 */
	/* 1、使能所有时钟 */
	ldr r0, =0X020C4068 	/* CCGR0 */
	ldr r1, =0XFFFFFFFF  
	str r1, [r0]		
	
	ldr r0, =0X020C406C  	/* CCGR1 */
	str r1, [r0]

	ldr r0, =0X020C4070  	/* CCGR2 */
	str r1, [r0]
	
	ldr r0, =0X020C4074  	/* CCGR3 */
	str r1, [r0]
	
	ldr r0, =0X020C4078  	/* CCGR4 */
	str r1, [r0]
	
	ldr r0, =0X020C407C  	/* CCGR5 */
	str r1, [r0]
	
	ldr r0, =0X020C4080  	/* CCGR6 */
	str r1, [r0]
	

	/* 2、设置GPIO1_IO03复用为GPIO1_IO03 */
	ldr r0, =0X020E0068	/* 将寄存器SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03_BASE加载到r0中 */
	ldr r1, =0X5		/* 设置寄存器SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03_BASE的MUX_MODE为5 */
	str r1,[r0]

	/* 3、配置GPIO1_IO03的IO属性	
	 *bit 16:0 HYS关闭
	 *bit [15:14]: 00 默认下拉
     *bit [13]: 0 kepper功能
     *bit [12]: 1 pull/keeper使能
     *bit [11]: 0 关闭开路输出
     *bit [7:6]: 10 速度100Mhz
     *bit [5:3]: 110 R0/6驱动能力
     *bit [0]: 0 低转换率
     */
    ldr r0, =0X020E02F4	/*寄存器SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03_BASE */
    ldr r1, =0X10B0
    str r1,[r0]

	/* 4、设置GPIO1_IO03为输出 */
    ldr r0, =0X0209C004	/*寄存器GPIO1_GDIR */
    ldr r1, =0X0000008		
    str r1,[r0]

	/* 5、打开LED0
	 * 设置GPIO1_IO03输出低电平
	 */
	ldr r0, =0X0209C000	/*寄存器GPIO1_DR */
   ldr r1, =0		
   str r1,[r0]

/*
 * 描述:	loop死循环
 */
loop:
	b loop 	

makefile

led.bin:led.s
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -g -c led.s -o led.o
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -Ttext 0X87800000 led.o -o led.elf
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy -O binary -S -g led.elf led.bin
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump -D led.elf > led.dis
clean:
	rm -rf *.o led.bin led.elf led.dis

烧录工具imxdownload

chmod 777 imxdownload //给予 imxdownload 可执行权限,一次即可
./imxdownload led.bin /dev/sdb //烧写到 SD 卡中,不能烧写到/dev/sda 或 sda1 设备里面
leds.s驱动实验:SD卡启动遇到的问题,为什么烧录不进去。因为ubuntu没识别到sd卡时,就执行了烧录指令,导致/dev/sdb设备不正常。

​ 读卡器/dev/sdb和/dev/sdb1的区别,sdb是FAT32文件系统的产生的分区,可以通过ubuntu虚拟机设置无文件系统,这样就只会保留/dev/sdb。

sudo umount /dev/sdb1
sudo wipefs --all /dev/sdb

​ 其次,以 SD/EMMC 为例,IVT 偏移为 1Kbyte,IVT+Boot data+DCD 的总大小为 4KByte-1KByte=3KByte。假如 SD/EMMC 每个扇区为 512 字节,那么 load.imx 应该从第三个扇区开始烧写,前两个扇区要保留出来。所以向/dev/sdb1烧写是错误的,应该向/dev/sdb烧写。

./imxdownload led.bin /dev/sdb 

请添加图片描述

IVT表和Boot Data

load.imx 最前面的就是 IVT 和 Boot Data,IVT 包含了镜像程序的入口点、指向 DCD 的指针和一些用作其它用途的指针。内部 Boot ROM 要求 IVT 应该放到指定的位置,不同的启动设备位置不同,而 IVT 在整个 load.imx 的最前面,其实就相当于要求 load.imx 在烧写的时候应该烧写到存储设备的指定位置去。整个位置都是相对于存储设备的起始地址的偏移:
请添加图片描述
以 SD/EMMC 为例,IVT 偏移为 1Kbyte,IVT+Boot data+DCD 的总大小为 4KByte-1KByte=3KByte。假如SD/EMMC 每个扇区为 512 字节,那么 load.imx 应该从第三个扇区开始烧写,前两个扇区要留出来。load.imx 从第 3KByte 开始才是真正的.bin 文件。

IVT大小为32B/4=8条

IVT结构 header、entry、reserved1、dcd、boot data、self、csf、reserved2

Boot Data结构 start、length、plugin

DCD数据

DCD(Device Config Data),和 IVT、Boot Data 一样,DCD 也是添加到 load.imx 里面的,紧跟在 IVT和 Boot Data 后面,IVT 里面也指定了 DCD 的位置。DCD 其实就是 I.MX6U 寄存器地址和对应的配置信息集合,Boot ROM 会使用这些寄存器地址和配置集合来初始化相应的寄存器,比如开启某些外设的时钟、初始化 DDR 等等。

DCD 里面的初始化配置主要包括三方面:

①、设置 CCGR0~CCGR6 这 7 个外设时钟使能寄存器,默认打开所有的外设时钟。

②、配置 DDR3 所用的所有 IO。

③、配置 MMDC 控制器,初始化 DDR3。

C 语言版 LED 灯实验

一、设置处理器模式

设置6ULL处于SVC模式下。设置CPSR寄存器的bit4-0,也就是M[4:0]为10011=0x13。读写状态寄存器要用到MRS和MSR指令,MRS将CPSR寄存器数据读出到通用寄存器里面,MSR指令将通用寄存器的值写入到CPSR寄存器里面去

二、设置SP指针

sp可以指向内部RAM,也可以指向DDR。我们将其指向DDR。sp设置到哪里?512MB的范围0x80000000~0x9FFFFFFF。栈大小,0x200000=2MB。处理器栈增长方式,对于A7而言是向下增长的。因此,设置sp指向0x80200000。

为了在内存中分配一段内存给堆栈,我们必须要区分堆栈相对于内存的地址而言的方向性,通常栈顶增长的方向是从内存的低地址向高地址变化,我们则称为向上增长;反之则向下增长。

三、跳转到C语言

使用b指令,跳转到c语言函数,比如main函数。类似于stm32的启动文件startup_stm32f10x_hd.s中的操作,初始化sp,调用c语言函数等等。

软件编写

使用GCC(准确说是GCC调用了as汇编器)处理汇编代码时,汇编文件的后缀有两种:.s.S。这两种文件都是汇编代码,其区别在于:

.s格式的汇编文件中,只能包含纯粹的汇编代码,汇编器只对其进行汇编操作,没有预处理操作;
.S格式的汇编文件中,还可以使用预处理命令,汇编器会先进行预处理,然后再进行汇编。

预处理命令以#开头,基本与C语言中的预处理命令相同,包括#define#include#if#endif等。在U-Boot和Linux内核源码中,这些汇编预处理命令用得十分广泛。

start.S

.global _start   /* 全局标号 */

_start:
/*
设置处理器进入SVC模式
*/
    mrs r0, cpsr        /*读取cpsr到r0*/
    bic r0, r0, #0x1f 	/* 将r0寄存器中的低5位(11111=0x1f)清零,也就是cpsr的M0~M4 	*/
    orr r0, r0, #0x13 	/* r0按位或上0x13,表示使用SVC模式					*/
	msr cpsr, r0		/* 将r0 的数据写入到cpsr_c中 					*/

	ldr sp, =0X80200000	/* 设置栈指针			 */
	b main				/* 跳转到main函数 		 */

main.h

#ifndef __MAIN_H
#define __MAIN_H

/* 定义要使用的寄存器 */

/* CCM相关寄存器地址 */
#define CCM_CCGR0          	*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C4068)
#define CCM_CCGR1 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C406C)

#define CCM_CCGR2 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C4070)
#define CCM_CCGR3 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C4074)
#define CCM_CCGR4 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C4078)
#define CCM_CCGR5 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C407C)
#define CCM_CCGR6 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020C4080)

/* IOMUX相关寄存器地址 */
#define SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03 	*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020E0068)
#define SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03 	*((volatile unsigned int *)0X020E02F4)

/* GPIO1相关寄存器地址 */
#define GPIO1_DR 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C000)
#define GPIO1_GDIR 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C004)
#define GPIO1_PSR 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C008)
#define GPIO1_ICR1 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C00C)
#define GPIO1_ICR2 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C010)
#define GPIO1_IMR 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C014)
#define GPIO1_ISR 			*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C018)
#define GPIO1_EDGE_SEL 		*((volatile unsigned int *)0X0209C01C)

#endif

main.c

#include "main.h"

/* 使能外设时钟 */
void clk_enable(void)
{
    CCM_CCGR0 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR1 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR2 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR3 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR4 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR5 = 0xffffffff;
	CCM_CCGR6 = 0xffffffff;
}

/* 初始化LED对应的GPIO */
void led_init(void)
{
	SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03 = 0x5;	/* 初始化IO复用为GPIO1-IO03 */

	SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03 = 0X10B0;	/* 配置GPIO1_IO03的IO属性	*/

	GPIO1_GDIR = 0X0000008;	/* GPIO1_IO03设置为输出 */

	GPIO1_DR = 0X0; /* 设置GPIO1_IO03输出低电平,打开LED0 */
}

/* 打开LED灯 */
void led_on(void)
{
	GPIO1_DR &= ~(1<<3); /* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3清零 */
}

/* 关闭LED灯 */
void led_off(void)
{
	GPIO1_DR |= (1<<3);	/* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3置1 */
}

/* 短时延时函数 */
void delay_short(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--){}
}

/* 延时函数,在396Mhz的主频下延时1ms */
void delay(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--)
	{
		delay_short(0x7ff);
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	clk_enable();		/* 使能所有的时钟 */
	led_init();			/* 初始化led */

    /* 设置LED闪烁 */
	while(1)			/* 死循环 */
	{	
		led_off();		/* 关闭LED */
		delay(500);		/* 延时大约500ms */

		led_on();		/* 打开LED */
		delay(500);		/* 延时大约500ms */
	}

	return 0;
}

makefile

-Wall 表示显示编译过程的所有警告,-nostdlib表示不链接系统标准启动文件和库文件,否则编译可能出错。-O2表示优化等级,和MDK上的设置含义一样。
在这里插入图片描述

objs := start.o main.o

ledc.bin:$(objs)
	#arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -Ttext 0X87800000 $^ -o ledc.elf
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld -Timx6ul.lds -o ledc.elf $^
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy -O binary -S ledc.elf $@
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump -D -m arm ledc.elf > ledc.dis
	
%.o:%.S
	#arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -o $@ $<
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $< # -O2 编译优化,但可能会出问题
	
%.o:%.c
	#arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -o $@ $<
	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
clean:
	rm -rf *.o ledc.bin ledc.elf ledc.dis

链接脚本imx6ul.lds

描述了要链接的文件,以及链接的顺序和链接首地址。
main.o有没有都行,下面已经包括了,但start.o一定要放在前面;*(.text) 表示剩下的所有代码段。

SECTIONS{
	. = 0X87800000;
	.text :
	{
		start.o 
		main.o
		*(.text)			
	}
	.rodata ALIGN(4) : {*(.rodata*)}     
	.data ALIGN(4)   : { *(.data) }    
	__bss_start = .;    
	.bss ALIGN(4)  : { *(.bss)  *(COMMON) }    
	__bss_end = .;
}

下载验证

./imxdownload ledc.bin /dev/sdb

换了个读卡器出现设备“Prolific USB SD Card Reader”无法连接到理想的主机控制器的弹窗。设置USB兼容性为USB3.1解决。
在这里插入图片描述

模仿STM32驱动开发实验

STM32寄存器结构体详解

对于STM32而言,使用一个结构体将一个外设的所有寄存器都放到一起。基地址+偏移地址。

修改驱动

start.S中需要添加初始化bss段代码,bss段为程序里所有未初始化的全局变量,这里是通过汇编指令将这些变量进行初始化,也就是赋值为0。

.global _start  		/* 全局标号 */

.global __bss_start
_bss_start:
	.word __bss_start  /* 这里表示定义了一个_bss_start的标号,内容是__bss_start对应的地址(在lds链
						* 接脚本里声明的), .word是占位符,表示占一个字长 */

.global __bss_end
_bss_end:
	.word __bss_end

_start:

	/* 进入SVC模式 */
	mrs r0, cpsr
	bic r0, r0, #0x1f 	/* 将r0寄存器中的低5位清零,也就是cpsr的M0~M4 	*/
	orr r0, r0, #0x13 	/* r0或上0x13,表示使用SVC模式					*/
	msr cpsr, r0		/* 将r0 的数据写入到cpsr_c中 					*/

	/* 清BSS段 */
	ldr r0, _bss_start
	ldr r1, _bss_end   
	mov r2,  #0			/* 使用LDR伪指令将数据加载到寄存器时需要在数据前面填加“=”前缀,使用MOV指令时在							数据前面添加“#”前缀 */
bss_loop:
	stmia r0!, {r2}		/* 向r0的地址写入0,然后r0寄存器保存的地址值加1 */
	cmp r0, r1  		/* 比较r0和r1,也就是__bss_start和__bss_end的值*/
	ble bss_loop		/* 如果小于等于的话就跳转到bss_loop继续清bss段*/

	/* 设置sp指针 */
	ldr sp,=0X80200000	/* 设置栈指针			 */
	b main				/* 跳转到main函数 		 */
	
添加寄存器结构体

imx6u.h,在结构体中添加寄存器的时候一定要注意他的连续性,如果不连续的话要添加占位。

/* 外设寄存器组的基地址 */
#define CCM_BASE					(0X020C4000)
#define CCM_ANALOG_BASE				(0X020C8000)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE			(0X020E0044)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE			(0X020E0204)
#define GPIO1_BASE                  (0x0209C000)
#define GPIO2_BASE                  (0x020A0000)
#define GPIO3_BASE                  (0x020A4000)
#define GPIO4_BASE                  (0x020A8000)
#define GPIO5_BASE                  (0x020AC000)

/* 寄存器结构体定义 */
typedef struct 
{
    volatile unsigned int CCR;
	volatile unsigned int CCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CSR;
	volatile unsigned int CCSR;
	volatile unsigned int CACRR;
	volatile unsigned int CBCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CBCMR;
	volatile unsigned int CSCMR1;
	volatile unsigned int CSCMR2;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR1;
	volatile unsigned int CS1CDR;
	volatile unsigned int CS2CDR;
	volatile unsigned int CDCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CHSCCDR;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR2;
	volatile unsigned int CSCDR3;	
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_1[2];	//添加两个寄存器占位
	volatile unsigned int CDHIPR;  
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_2[2];
	volatile unsigned int CLPCR;
	volatile unsigned int CISR;
	volatile unsigned int CIMR;
	volatile unsigned int CCOSR;
	volatile unsigned int CGPR;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR0;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR1;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR2;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR3;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR4;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR5;
	volatile unsigned int CCGR6;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_3[1];
	volatile unsigned int CMEOR;
        
}CCM_Type;

typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ARM_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB1_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_USB2_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_SS;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_1[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_NUM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_2[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_SYS_DENOM; 
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_3[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_AUDIO_DENOM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_4[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_NUM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_5[3];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_VIDEO_DENOM;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_6[7];
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PLL_ENET_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_480_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_SET;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int PFD_528_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int RESERVED_7[16];
	volatile unsigned int MISC0;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC0_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC1_TOG;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_SET;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_CLR;
	volatile unsigned int MISC2_TOG;
} CCM_ANALOG_Type; 

/* 
 * IOMUX寄存器组
 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_MOD;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TMS;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDO;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDI;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TCK;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TRST_B;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO00;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO01;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO02;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO03;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO04;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO05;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO06;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO07;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO08;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO09;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_ENABLE;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA08;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA09;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA10;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA11;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA12;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA13;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA14;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA15;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA16;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA17;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA18;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA19;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA20;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA21;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA22;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA23;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_RE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_ALE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WP_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_READY_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE0_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE1_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CLE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DQS;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CMD;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA2;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA3;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_MCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_PIXCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA07;
}IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type;

typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR00;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR01;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR02;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR03;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR04;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR05;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR06;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR07;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR08;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR09;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR10;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR11;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR12;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR13;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR14;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ADDR15;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_DQM0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_DQM1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_RAS_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CAS_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CS0_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_CS1_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDWE_B;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ODT0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_ODT1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDBA2;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCKE0;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCKE1;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDCLK0_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDQS0_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_SDQS1_P;
	volatile unsigned int DRAM_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int TEST_MODE;
	volatile unsigned int POR_B;
	volatile unsigned int ONOFF;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_PMIC_ON_REQ;
	volatile unsigned int CCM_PMIC_STBY_REQ;
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE0;
	volatile unsigned int BOOT_MODE1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER0;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER1;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER2;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER3;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER4;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER5;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER6;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER7;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER8;
	volatile unsigned int SNVS_TAMPER9;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_MOD;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TMS;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDO;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TDI;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TCK;
	volatile unsigned int JTAG_TRST_B;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO00;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO01;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO02;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO03;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO04;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO05;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO06;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO07;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO08;
	volatile unsigned int GPIO1_IO09;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART1_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART2_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_CTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART3_RTS_B;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART4_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_TX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int UART5_RX_DATA;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET1_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_EN;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_TX_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int ENET2_RX_ER;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_ENABLE;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_RESET;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA08;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA09;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA10;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA11;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA12;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA13;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA14;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA15;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA16;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA17;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA18;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA19;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA20;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA21;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA22;
	volatile unsigned int LCD_DATA23;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_RE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WE_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_ALE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_WP_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_READY_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE0_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CE1_B;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_CLE;
	volatile unsigned int NAND_DQS;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CMD;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_CLK;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA0;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA1;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA2;
	volatile unsigned int SD1_DATA3;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_MCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_PIXCLK;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_VSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_HSYNC;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA00;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA01;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA02;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA03;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA04;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA05;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA06;
	volatile unsigned int CSI_DATA07;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_ADDDS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRMODE_CTL;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_B0DS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRPK;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_CTLDS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_B1DS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRHYS;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRPKE;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDRMODE;
	volatile unsigned int GRP_DDR_TYPE;
}IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type;

/* GPIO寄存器结构体 */
typedef struct 
{
	volatile unsigned int DR;							
	volatile unsigned int GDIR; 							
	volatile unsigned int PSR;								
	volatile unsigned int ICR1; 							
	volatile unsigned int ICR2; 							 
	volatile unsigned int IMR;								 
	volatile unsigned int ISR;			
	volatile unsigned int EDGE_SEL;  
}GPIO_Type;


/* 外设指针 */
#define CCM					((CCM_Type *)CCM_BASE)
#define CCM_ANALOG			((CCM_ANALOG_Type *)CCM_ANALOG_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_MUX		((IOMUX_SW_MUX_Type *)IOMUX_SW_MUX_BASE)
#define IOMUX_SW_PAD		((IOMUX_SW_PAD_Type *)IOMUX_SW_PAD_BASE)
#define GPIO1				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO1_BASE)
#define GPIO2				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO2_BASE)
#define GPIO3				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO3_BASE)
#define GPIO4				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO4_BASE)
#define GPIO5				((GPIO_Type *)GPIO5_BASE)

main.c

#include "imx6ul.h"

/* 使能I.MX6U所有外设时钟 */
void clk_enable(void)
{
	CCM->CCGR0 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR1 = 0XFFFFFFFF;

	CCM->CCGR2 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR3 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR4 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR5 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR6 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
}

void led_init(void)
{
	/* 1、初始化IO复用 */
	IOMUX_SW_MUX->GPIO1_IO03 = 0X5;		/* 复用为GPIO1_IO03 */

	/* 2、配置GPIO1_IO03的IO属性 */
    IOMUX_SW_PAD->GPIO1_IO03 = 0X10B0;

	/* 3、初始化GPIO */
	GPIO1->GDIR = 0X0000008;	/* GPIO1_IO03设置为输出 */

	/* 4、设置GPIO1_IO03输出低电平,打开LED0 */	
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1 << 3);	
	
}

void led_on(void)
{
	/* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3清零 */
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1<<3); 
}

void led_off(void)
{
	/* 将GPIO1_DR的bit3置1 */
	GPIO1->DR |= (1<<3); 
}

void delay_short(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--){}
}

void delay(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--)
	{
		delay_short(0x7ff);
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	clk_enable();		/* 使能所有的时钟 			*/
	led_init();			/* 初始化led 			*/

	while(1)			/* 死循环 				*/
	{	
		led_off();		/* 关闭LED 			*/
		delay(500);		/* 延时500ms 			*/

		led_on();		/* 打开LED 			*/
		delay(500);		/* 延时500ms 			*/
	}

	return 0;
}

Makefile

objs	:=	start.o main.o
ld		:=	arm-linux-gnueabihf-ld
gcc		:=	arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc
objcopy	:=	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objcopy
objdump	:=	arm-linux-gnueabihf-objdump

ledc.bin : $(objs)
	$(ld) -Timx6u.lds -o ledc.elf $^
	$(objcopy) -O binary -S ledc.elf $@
	$(objdump) -D -m arm ledc.elf > ledc.dis
	
%.o : %.c
	$(gcc) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
%.o : %.S
	$(gcc) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<
	
clean:
	rm -rf *.o ledc.bin ledc.elf ledc.dis

imx6u.lds

NXP官方SDK使用实验

新建cc.h文件

SDK包里面会用到很多数据类型,所以我们需要在cc.h里定义一些常用的数据类型。

#ifndef __CC_H
#define __CC_H

/*
 * 自定义一些数据类型供库文件使用
 */
#define     __I     volatile 
#define     __O     volatile 
#define     __IO    volatile

typedef signed char 		int8_t;
typedef signed short	 	int16_t;
typedef signed int 			int32_t;
typedef unsigned char 		uint8_t;
typedef unsigned short	 	uint16_t;
typedef unsigned int 		uint32_t;
typedef unsigned long long 	uint64_t;

typedef	signed char 			s8;		
typedef	signed short	 		s16;
typedef	signed int 		  		s32;
typedef	signed long long		s64;
typedef	unsigned char 		   	u8;
typedef	unsigned short 			u16;
typedef	unsigned int 		   	u32;
typedef	unsigned long long	 	u64;

#endif
移植文件

需要移植的文件包括:fsl_common.h、fsl_iomuxc.h、MCIMX6Y2.h。

NXP_mx6ull_SDK\devices\MCIMX6Y2\MCIMX6Y2.h

NXP_mx6ull_SDK\devices\MCIMX6Y2\drivers\fsl_common.h

NXP_mx6ull_SDK\devices\MCIMX6Y2\drivers\fsl_iomuxc.h

移植的文件中包含很多引用的头文件,编译会出现错误,所以需要在原版文件上做修改,具体修改和代码裁剪参考正点原子提供的例程。

main.c

#include "fsl_common.h"
#include "fsl_iomuxc.h"
#include "MCIMX6Y2.h"

void clk_enable(void)
{

	CCM->CCGR0 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR1 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
    
	CCM->CCGR2 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR3 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR4 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR5 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
	CCM->CCGR6 = 0XFFFFFFFF;
}

void led_init(void)

{
	IOMUXC_SetPinMux(IOMUXC_GPIO1_IO03_GPIO1_IO03,0);		/* 复用为GPIO1_IO03 */
	IOMUXC_SetPinConfig(IOMUXC_GPIO1_IO03_GPIO1_IO03,0X10B0); /* GPIO1_IO03电气属性 */
	GPIO1->GDIR |= (1 << 3);	
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1 << 3);			
}

void led_on(void)
{
	GPIO1->DR &= ~(1<<3); 
}

void led_off(void)
{
	GPIO1->DR |= (1<<3); 
}

void delay_short(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--){}
}

void delay(volatile unsigned int n)
{
	while(n--)
	{
		delay_short(0x7ff);
	}
}

int main(void)
{
	clk_enable();		
	led_init();			
	while(1)			
	{	
		led_off();	
		delay(500);		
		led_on();	
		delay(500);	
	}
	return 0;
}

Makefile

CROSS_COMPILE ?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-
NAME		  ?= ledc

CC 		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
LD		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
OBJCOPY := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
OBJDUMP := $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump

OBJS := start.o main.o

$(NAME).bin : $(OBJS)
	$(LD) -Timx6ul.lds -o $(NAME).elf $^
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary -S $(NAME).elf $@
	$(OBJDUMP) -D -m arm $(NAME).elf > $(NAME).dis
	
%.o:%.S
	$(CC) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<

%.o:%.c
	$(CC) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2 -o $@ $<

clean:
	rm -rf *.o $(NAME).bin $(NAME).elf $(NAME).dis

IO函数分析

IOMUXC_SetPinMux(IOMUXC_GPIO1_IO03_GPIO1_IO03,0);				/* 复用为GPIO1_IO03 */

static inline void IOMUXC_SetPinMux(uint32_t muxRegister,		//0x020E0068U	寄存器
                                    uint32_t muxMode,			//0x5U			复用模式
                                    uint32_t inputRegister,		//0x00000000U	
                                    uint32_t inputDaisy,		//0x0U			
                                    uint32_t configRegister,	//0x020E02F4U
                                    uint32_t inputOnfield)		//0				SION位
    
#define IOMUXC_GPIO1_IO03_GPIO1_IO03  0x020E0068U, 0x5U, 0x00000000U, 0x0U, 0x020E02F4U

IOMUXC_SetPinConfig(IOMUXC_GPIO1_IO03_GPIO1_IO03,0X10B0);		/* GPIO1_IO03电气属性 */

static inline void IOMUXC_SetPinConfig(uint32_t muxRegister,
                                       uint32_t muxMode,
                                       uint32_t inputRegister,
                                       uint32_t inputDaisy,
                                       uint32_t configRegister,		//0x020E02F4U
                                       uint32_t configValue)		//0X10B0

BSP工程管理实验

为了模块化整理代码,实现同一种属性的文件存放在同一个目录里。

  1. 创建所需的文件夹,将同一属性的文件放到相应的文件夹中。
  2. 修改clk,led,delay驱动,创建对应的驱动文件,然后放置到对应的目录中。
  3. 根据新编写的驱动文件,修改main.c内容。

小技巧:当vscode找不到头文件时,设置vscode头文件目录。先创建.vscode目录,然后ctrl+shift+p打开c/c++配置器,会在.vscode下生成一个叫做c_cpp_properties.json的文件。

编写通用Makefile

Makefile指定头文件路径,需要-I。我们编译源码的时候需要指定头文件路径。比如bsp/clk/bsp_clk.h,变为-I bsp/clk/bsp_clk.h。

CROSS_COMPILE 	?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-
TARGET		  	?= ledc_bsp

CC 				:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
LD				:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)ld
OBJCOPY 		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)objcopy
OBJDUMP 		:= $(CROSS_COMPILE)objdump

INCDIRS 		:= imx6ul \
				   bsp/clk \
				   bsp/led \
				   bsp/delay 
				   
SRCDIRS			:= project \
				   bsp/clk \
				   bsp/led \
				   bsp/delay 

INCLUDE			:= $(patsubst %, -I %, $(INCDIRS))

SFILES			:= $(foreach dir, $(SRCDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.S))
CFILES			:= $(foreach dir, $(SRCDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.c))

SFILENDIR		:= $(notdir  $(SFILES))
CFILENDIR		:= $(notdir  $(CFILES))

SOBJS			:= $(patsubst %, obj/%, $(SFILENDIR:.S=.o))
COBJS			:= $(patsubst %, obj/%, $(CFILENDIR:.c=.o))
OBJS			:= $(SOBJS) $(COBJS)

VPATH			:= $(SRCDIRS)

.PHONY: clean

$(TARGET).bin : $(OBJS)
	$(LD) -Timx6ul.lds -o $(TARGET).elf $^
	$(OBJCOPY) -O binary -S $(TARGET).elf $@
	$(OBJDUMP) -D -m arm $(TARGET).elf > $(TARGET).dis

$(SOBJS) : obj/%.o : %.S
	$(CC) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2  $(INCLUDE) -o $@ $<

$(COBJS) : obj/%.o : %.c
	$(CC) -Wall -nostdlib -c -O2  $(INCLUDE) -o $@ $<

clean:
	rm -rf $(TARGET).elf $(TARGET).dis $(TARGET).bin $(COBJS) $(SOBJS)

INCLUDE := $(patsubst %, -I %, $(INCDIRS))

SFILES := $(foreach dir, $(SRCDIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.S))

SFILENDIR := $(notdir $(SFILES))

VPATH := $(SRCDIRS)

  1. patsubst :替换通配符
  2. wildcard : 扩展通配符
  3. notdir : 去除路径
  4. VPATH :文件搜索

Makefile静态模式

<targets ...> : <target-pattern> : <prereq-patterns ...>

<目标文件/集合 ...> : <目标/目标集模式> : <依赖模式...>

$(SOBJS) : obj/%.o : %.S

  • 22
    点赞
  • 12
    收藏
    觉得还不错? 一键收藏
  • 打赏
    打赏
  • 1
    评论

“相关推荐”对你有帮助么?

  • 非常没帮助
  • 没帮助
  • 一般
  • 有帮助
  • 非常有帮助
提交
评论 1
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包

打赏作者

ANIMZLS

你的鼓励将是我创作的最大动力

¥1 ¥2 ¥4 ¥6 ¥10 ¥20
扫码支付:¥1
获取中
扫码支付

您的余额不足,请更换扫码支付或充值

打赏作者

实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值