python动画 基于csv导出数据实现动态绘图 Animation

先看效果再看代码吧~
主要难点在于动画与区域绘制

效果

步骤

1. 从csv读取数据
2. 绘图（两种：曲线与区域）
3. 动画
4. 保存与显示

代码

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import pandas as pd
from scipy import signal


joint = 4
err = 0.17
cutoff = 1.2
metric = "bottle.csv"
length = 360

# read csv
df = pd.read_csv(metric, delimiter=',', header=0, sep='\s+', usecols=['field.effort'+str(joint-1)])
y = df['field.effort'+str(joint-1)]
interv = 25.12 # 46hz -> 21.7


# filter
fs = 1000.0/interv
def butter_lowpass_filter(data, order=3):
		
	wn = 2.0 * cutoff / fs
	b, a = signal.butter(order, wn, 'lowpass', analog = False)
	output = signal.filtfilt(b, a, data, axis=0)

	return output

y_filter = butter_lowpass_filter(y)


plt.style.use('bmh')
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5, 2.5))
xdata, ydata, yf_data = [], [], []
ymin, ymax = [], []
ln, = plt.plot([], [], label='joint'+str(joint))
ln_fill = plt.fill_between([], [], [], alpha=0.3, label='threshold')
# ln_filter, = plt.plot([], [], label='filter')
ax.set(xlabel='Time (s)', ylabel='Torque (Nm)')

def init():
    ax.set_xlim(0, (length*interv)/1000)		
    ax.set_ylim(0.2, 0.8)
    return ln,

def update(frame):

    xdata.append((frame*interv)/1000)
    ydata.append(y[frame])
    ln.set_data(xdata, ydata)

    # filter
    # yf_data.append(y_filter[frame])
    # ln_filter.set_data(xdata, yf_data)

    # threshold
    ymin.append(y_filter[frame]-err)
    ymax.append(y_filter[frame]+err)

    dummy_ln = plt.fill_between(xdata, ymin, ymax, alpha=0.3)
    verts = [ path._vertices for path in dummy_ln.get_paths() ]
    codes = [ path._codes for path in dummy_ln.get_paths() ]
    dummy_ln.remove()
    ln_fill.set_verts_and_codes(verts, codes)
    
    return ln, ln_fill,  #返回tuple

ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=np.arange(0, length), interval=interv,
                    init_func=init, blit=True, repeat=False)
plt.legend(loc='lower left')
plt.subplots_adjust(left=0.12, right=0.96, top=0.93, bottom=0.2)



##### GIF #####
ani.save('bottle.gif', fps=50, writer='pillow')
##### MP4 #####
# ani.save('bottle-range.mp4',
# 		fps=50, dpi=500, writer='ffmpeg')


plt.show()

安装ffmpeg win10教程

保存mp4格式视频需要安装ffmpeg
详细安装教程：
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43803367/article/details/110308401#commentBox
下载地址：
https://www.gyan.dev/ffmpeg/builds/

Ref

• 解决错误fillbetween动画绘图错误

TypeError: 'PolyCollection' object is not iterable

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/33828260/how-to-update-artists-in-scrollable-matplotlib-and-multiplot

• Matplotlib 画动态图: animation模块的使用
  https://blog.csdn.net/u013180339/article/details/77002254