对于图片中rgb分量的基础操作

作业三：读入一个24bitRGB文件（以down.rgb为例，其分辨率为256256），输出该数据文件中R、G、B三个分量（各8bit表示）的概率分布示意图（类似下图）和熵。
1.开辟3个widthheight的unsigned char型数组
2.将RGB数据从RGB文件中读出，并分别保存到3个数组中
3.计算数据的概率分布和熵并写入文件
代码如下：

#include “stdafx.h”
#include
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;
constexpr auto width = 256;
constexpr auto height = 256;

int main()
{
FILE* Image;
FILE* Red;
FILE* Green;
FILE* Blue;
fopen_s(&Image, “down.rgb”, “rb”);
fopen_s(&Red, “Red.txt”, “w”);
fopen_s(&Green, “Green.txt”, “w”);
fopen_s(&Blue, “Blue.txt”, “w”);

fseek(Image, 0L, SEEK_END);
int size;
size = ftell(Image);
fseek(Image, 0L, SEEK_SET);

unsigned char* Image_Buffer = new unsigned char[size];
fread(Image_Buffer, sizeof(unsigned char), size, Image);
unsigned char* Red_Buffer = new unsigned char[size / 3];
unsigned char* Green_Buffer = new unsigned char[size / 3];
unsigned char* Blue_Buffer = new unsigned char[size / 3];


for (int i = 0; i < size / 3; i++)
{
	Red_Buffer[i] = Image_Buffer[3 * i + 2];
}
for (int i = 0; i < size / 3; i++)
{
	Green_Buffer[i] = Image_Buffer[3 * i + 1];
}
for (int i = 0; i < size / 3; i++)
{
	Blue_Buffer[i] = Image_Buffer[3 * i];
}

int Caculate_Red[256] = { 0 };
double Frequency_Red[256] = { 0 };
double Entropy_Red = 0;
int Caculate_Green[256] = { 0 };
double Frequency_Green[256] = { 0 };
double Entropy_Green = 0;
int Caculate_Blue[256] = { 0 };
double Frequency_Blue[256] = { 0 };
double Entropy_Blue = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	for (int j = 0; j < width * height; j++)
	{
		if (i == Red_Buffer[j])
		{
			Caculate_Red[i]++;
		}
	}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	for (int j = 0; j < width * height; j++)
	{
		if (i == Green_Buffer[j])
		{
			Caculate_Green[i]++;
		}
	}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	for (int j = 0; j < width * height; j++)
	{
		if (i == Blue_Buffer[j])
		{
			Caculate_Blue[i]++;
		}
	}
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	Frequency_Red[i] = (double)Caculate_Red[i] / (width * height);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	Frequency_Green[i] = (double)Caculate_Green[i] / (width * height);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	Frequency_Blue[i] = (double)Caculate_Blue[i] / (width * height);
}

for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	if (Frequency_Red[i] != 0)
	{
		Entropy_Red += (-1) * Frequency_Red[i] * (log(Frequency_Red[i]) / log(2));
	}
}
printf("R基色的香农熵是%f\n", Entropy_Red);
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	if (Frequency_Green[i] != 0)
	{
		Entropy_Green += (-1) * Frequency_Green[i] * (log(Frequency_Green[i]) / log(2));
	}
}
printf("R基色的香农熵是%f\n", Entropy_Green);
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	if (Frequency_Blue[i] != 0)
	{
		Entropy_Blue += (-1) * Frequency_Blue[i] * (log(Frequency_Blue[i]) / log(2));
	}
}
printf("R基色的香农熵是%f\n", Entropy_Blue);

fprintf(Red, "symbol\tfreq\n");
for (int i = 0; i<256; i++)
{
	fprintf(Red, "%d\t%f\n", i, Frequency_Red[i]);
}


fprintf(Green, "symbol\tfreq\n");
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	fprintf(Green, "%d\t%f\n", i, Frequency_Green[i]);
}

fprintf(Blue, "symbol\tfreq\n");
for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
{
	fprintf(Blue, "%d\t%f\n", i, Frequency_Blue[i]);
}

fclose(Image);
fclose(Red);
fclose(Green);
fclose(Blue);

system(“pause”);

}

运行结果：
以生成的绿色的概率为例，用excel画图可以得到图线