1000KV特高压变压器微机保护研究

摘要

随着科技的发展，电力已成为最重要的资源之一，如何保证电力的供应对于国民经济发展和人民生活水平的提高都有非常重要的意义。在电能输送过程中，特高压变压器是整个过程中最重要的一个基本元素，在电力系统中的输送和分配中被广泛应用。电能在输送过程中损失的大小，是由变压器所带负荷的大小和其自身的损失以及它是否处于特高压变压器状态来决定的。故变压器的运行状态、运行方式的优劣的选择直接影响了整个电力系统的运行和投资。而决定变压器是否特高压变压器的主要因素包括变压器本身损耗的电能，以及空载无功损耗、短路无功损耗、变压器容量等。

由于国内人民生活水平的提高，科技不断地进步，控制不断地完善，从而促使变压器设计技术在电气系统领域占据主导权，也使得特高压变压器被广泛应用。在特高压变压器系统设计领域中，特高压变压器研究成为目前一处亮丽的风景线，因为其设计资源众多，开发需求重大，最重要的是成本较低，控制在用户可承受的范围内，因此特高压变压器设计逐渐成为世界各国关注的重点。随着特高压变压器系统领域的不断革新，数量越来越大，逐渐成为研究的重点方向，因此新一代的我们要认真去钻研特高压变压器控制系统的构成。

1000 kV变压器由于电压等级高、容量大，其主接线方式和调压方式与500 kV变压器存在显著差异，因此特高压变压器的保护配置与传统变压器保护配置存在不同。在分析特高压变压器一次结构的基础上，提出了适合特高压变压器的保护配置方案。为了解决主变压器空投时调压变压器差动电流中二次谐波含量低可能造成差动保护误动的问题，对调压变压器和补偿变压器差动保护的励磁涌流识别方案进行了改进。通过动模试验和现场运行检验，证明了特高压变压器保护配置和励磁涌流改进方案的正确性和有效性。

关键词：特高压变压器；微机保护；补偿变压器；

Abstract

With the development of science and technology, electric power has become one of the most important resources. How to ensure the supply of electric power is of great significance to the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standards. In the process of electric energy transmission, power transformer is one of the most important basic elements in the whole process, and is widely used in the transmission and distribution of power system. The loss of electric energy in the process of transmission is determined by the load of the transformer and its own loss as well as whether it is in the state of economic operation. Therefore, the choice of transformer operation state and operation mode directly affects the operation and investment of the whole power system. The main factors that determine whether the transformer runs economically include the electric energy lost by the transformer itself, no-load reactive power loss, short-circuit reactive power loss, transformer capacity and so on.

Due to the improvement of domestic people's living standards, the continuous progress of science and technology, constantly improve the control, so as to promote the transformer design technology in the field of electrical system to occupy the dominant position, but also make the power transformer is widely used. In the field of power transformer system design, economic operation research has become a beautiful landscape, because its design resources are numerous, the development needs are significant, the most important is the low cost, control in the range of users can afford, so power transformer design has gradually become the focus of attention of the world. With the continuous innovation in the field of power transformer system, the number of more and more, and gradually become the focus of research, so the new generation of us to seriously study the composition of power transformer control system.

Due to the high voltage grade and large capacity of 1000 kV transformer, its main connection mode and voltage regulation mode are significantly different from those of 500 kV transformer, so the protection configuration of UHV transformer is different from that of traditional transformer.Based on the analysis of the primary structure of uHV transformer, the protection configuration scheme suitable for uHV transformer is put forward. In order to solve the problem that the differential protection misoperation may be caused by the low second harmonic content in the differential current of the voltage regulator transformer during the air drop of the main transformer, the inrush current identification scheme of the differential protection of the voltage regulator transformer and the compensation transformer is improved. The correctness and effectiveness of uHV transformer protection configuration and excitation inrush current improvement scheme are proved by dynamic model test and field operation test.

Key words: Transformer; Economic operation; Benefit analysis; plan

目录

摘要...................................................................................... 1

第一章 绪论........................................................................ 1

1.1 概述......................................................................... 1

1.2 特高压变压器技术的现状..................................... 2

1.3 特高压变压器的研究意义..................................... 3

1.4 课题的研究内容及章节安排................................. 4

第二章 变压器结构及工作原理........................................ 6

2.1 变压器基本结构..................................................... 6

2.2 变压器的工作原理................................................. 6

第三章 特高压调压补偿变压器结构分析........................ 8

3.1 无载调压方式分析................................................. 8

3.2 调压补偿变压器保护配置..................................... 9

3.3 特高压有载调压变压器....................................... 11

第四章 特高压变压器保护配置及保护原理.................. 14

4.1 特高压变压器的保护配置................................... 14

4.1.1 主变保护配置.............................................. 14

4.1.2 调压变和补偿变保护配置.......................... 14

4.2 特高压变压器的保护原理................................... 16

4.2.1 励磁涌流识别.............................................. 16

4.2.2 调压变纵差保护的整定.............................. 19

4.2.3 调压分接头挡位的处理.............................. 21

第五章  ......................

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