OpenCv源码解读二-绘图函数

缓冲区颜色绘制函数
opencv里面对每次绘制产生一个大小为4的缓冲数组，通过循环赋值将颜色赋值到数组里面

void scalarToRawData_(const Scalar& s, T * const buf, const int cn, const int unroll_to)
{
    int i = 0;
    for(; i < cn; i++)
        buf[i] = saturate_cast<T>(s.val[i]);
    for(; i < unroll_to; i++)
        buf[i] = buf[i-cn];
}

circle函数
1.用法：主要需要我们传入的参数有，目标矩阵，圆心，半径，颜色，厚度（该参数默认为-1），line_type（该参数是指绘图时线的产生方法，默认为8连通线算法）

/*************************************************************/
2.函数的实现思路主要就是
通过mat类获取矩阵信息----将颜色值导入缓冲区数组----判断画圆的厚度是否大于1来实现不同的绘制

void circle( InputOutputArray _img, Point center, int radius,
             const Scalar& color, int thickness, int line_type, int shift )
{
    CV_INSTRUMENT_REGION();

    Mat img = _img.getMat();

    if( line_type == CV_AA && img.depth() != CV_8U )
        line_type = 8;
        
    CV_Assert( radius >= 0 && thickness <= MAX_THICKNESS &&
        0 <= shift && shift <= XY_SHIFT );

    double buf[4];
    scalarToRawData(color, buf, img.type(), 0);

    if( thickness > 1 || line_type != LINE_8 || shift > 0 )
    {
        Point2l _center(center);
        int64 _radius(radius);
        _center.x <<= XY_SHIFT - shift;
        _center.y <<= XY_SHIFT - shift;
        _radius <<= XY_SHIFT - shift;
        EllipseEx( img, _center, Size2l(_radius, _radius),
                   0, 0, 360, buf, thickness, line_type );
    }
    else
        Circle( img, center, radius, buf, thickness < 0 );
}

2.Circle函数
上来就是获取mat类的指针，通过该指针获取每个像素位置的信息
然后通过inside变量判断该圆形是否有超出图片的范围，不超则设置为1

注意这里的radius（半径变量）通过跟踪发现，主要是用于实现函数的求导即dx

绘制部分：
通过导数和指针的配合，找到圆的下一个绘制点，调用绘制函数为其赋值

Circle( Mat& img, Point center, int radius, const void* color, int fill )
{
    Size size = img.size();
    size_t step = img.step;
    int pix_size = (int)img.elemSize();
    uchar* ptr = img.ptr();
    int err = 0, dx = radius, dy = 0, plus = 1, minus = (radius << 1) - 1;
    int inside = center.x >= radius && center.x < size.width - radius &&
        center.y >= radius && center.y < size.height - radius;

    #define ICV_PUT_POINT( ptr, x )     \
        memcpy( ptr + (x)*pix_size, color, pix_size );

    while( dx >= dy )
    {
        int mask;
        int y11 = center.y - dy, y12 = center.y + dy, y21 = center.y - dx, y22 = center.y + dx;
        int x11 = center.x - dx, x12 = center.x + dx, x21 = center.x - dy, x22 = center.x + dy;

        if( inside )
        {
            uchar *tptr0 = ptr + y11 * step;
            uchar *tptr1 = ptr + y12 * step;

            if( !fill )
            {
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr0, x11 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr1, x11 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr0, x12 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr1, x12 );
            }
            else
            {
                ICV_HLINE( tptr0, x11, x12, color, pix_size );
                ICV_HLINE( tptr1, x11, x12, color, pix_size );
            }

            tptr0 = ptr + y21 * step;
            tptr1 = ptr + y22 * step;

            if( !fill )
            {
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr0, x21 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr1, x21 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr0, x22 );
                ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr1, x22 );
            }
            else
            {
                ICV_HLINE( tptr0, x21, x22, color, pix_size );
                ICV_HLINE( tptr1, x21, x22, color, pix_size );
            }
        }
        else if( x11 < size.width && x12 >= 0 && y21 < size.height && y22 >= 0 )
        {
            if( fill )
            {
                x11 = std::max( x11, 0 );
                x12 = MIN( x12, size.width - 1 );
            }

            if( (unsigned)y11 < (unsigned)size.height )
            {
                uchar *tptr = ptr + y11 * step;

                if( !fill )
                {
                    if( x11 >= 0 )
                        ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x11 );
                    if( x12 < size.width )
                        ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x12 );
                }
                else
                    ICV_HLINE( tptr, x11, x12, color, pix_size );
            }

            if( (unsigned)y12 < (unsigned)size.height )
            {
                uchar *tptr = ptr + y12 * step;

                if( !fill )
                {
                    if( x11 >= 0 )
                        ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x11 );
                    if( x12 < size.width )
                        ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x12 );
                }
                else
                    ICV_HLINE( tptr, x11, x12, color, pix_size );
            }

            if( x21 < size.width && x22 >= 0 )
            {
                if( fill )
                {
                    x21 = std::max( x21, 0 );
                    x22 = MIN( x22, size.width - 1 );
                }

                if( (unsigned)y21 < (unsigned)size.height )
                {
                    uchar *tptr = ptr + y21 * step;

                    if( !fill )
                    {
                        if( x21 >= 0 )
                            ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x21 );
                        if( x22 < size.width )
                            ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x22 );
                    }
                    else
                        ICV_HLINE( tptr, x21, x22, color, pix_size );
                }

                if( (unsigned)y22 < (unsigned)size.height )
                {
                    uchar *tptr = ptr + y22 * step;

                    if( !fill )
                    {
                        if( x21 >= 0 )
                            ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x21 );
                        if( x22 < size.width )
                            ICV_PUT_POINT( tptr, x22 );
                    }
                    else
                        ICV_HLINE( tptr, x21, x22, color, pix_size );
                }
            }
        }
        dy++;
        err += plus;
        plus += 2;

        mask = (err <= 0) - 1;

        err -= minus & mask;
        dx += mask;
        minus -= mask & 2;
    }

    #undef  ICV_PUT_POINT
}