一、volatile的作用
1.指令不会因编译器的优化而省略
2.且要求每次直接读值
代码分析可查看博文编写内核驱动操控IO口原理分析
二、驱动代码
#include <linux/fs.h> //file_operations声明
#include <linux/module.h> //module_init module_exit声明
#include <linux/init.h> //__init __exit 宏定义声明
#include <linux/device.h> //class devise声明
#include <linux/uaccess.h> //copy_from_user 的头文件
#include <linux/types.h> //设备号 dev_t 类型声明
#include <asm/io.h> //ioremap iounmap的头文件
static struct class *pin4_class;
static struct device *pin4_class_dev;
static dev_t devno; //设备号
static int major =231; //主设备号
static int minor =0; //次设备号
static char *module_name="pin4"; //模块名
volatile unsigned int* GPFSEL0 = NULL;
volatile unsigned int* GPSET0 = NULL;
volatile unsigned int* GPCLR0 = NULL;
//led_read函数
static int pin4_read(struct file *file,char __user *buf,size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
printk("pin4_read\n");
return 0;
}
//led_open函数
static int pin4_open(struct inode *inode,struct file *file)
{
printk("pin4_open\n"); //内核的打印函数和printf类似
//设置引脚为输出类型,引脚pin4位于bit14-12,需将其置为001
*GPFSEL0 &= ~(0x6 << 12); //将bit14 13 置为0
*GPFSEL0 |= (0x1 << 12); //将bit12 置为1
return 0;
}
//led_write函数
static ssize_t pin4_write(struct file *file,const char __user *buf,size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
int cmd;
printk("pin4_write\n");
//获取上层write函数的值,根据值操作io口(高电平、低电平)
copy_from_user(&cmd,buf,count);
if(cmd == 1){
printk("set 1\n");
*GPSET0 |=(0x1 << 4); //pin4引脚位于bit4,置为1,输出高电平
}
else if(cmd == 0){
printk("set 0\n");
*GPCLR0 |=(0x1 << 4); //pin4引脚位于bit4,置为1,输出低电平
}
else{
printk("do nothing\n");
}
return 0;
}
static struct file_operations pin4_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = pin4_open,
.write = pin4_write,
.read = pin4_read,
};
int __init pin4_drv_init(void)
{
int ret;
printk("insmod driver pin4 success\n");
devno = MKDEV(major,minor); //创建设备号
ret = register_chrdev(major, module_name,&pin4_fops); //注册驱动 告诉内核,把这个驱动加入到内核驱动的链表中
pin4_class=class_create(THIS_MODULE,"myfirstdemo");
pin4_class_dev =device_create(pin4_class,NULL,devno,NULL,module_name); //创建设备文件
GPFSEL0 = (volatile unsigned int*)ioremap(0x3f200000,4); //将物理地址转换成虚拟地址,io口寄存器映射成普通内存单元进行访问
GPSET0 = (volatile unsigned int*)ioremap(0x3f20001c,4);
GPCLR0 = (volatile unsigned int*)ioremap(0x3f200028,4);
return 0;
}
void __exit pin4_drv_exit(void)
{
iounmap(GPFSEL0);
iounmap(GPSET0);
iounmap(GPCLR0);
device_destroy(pin4_class,devno);
class_destroy(pin4_class);
unregister_chrdev(major, module_name); //卸载驱动
}
module_init(pin4_drv_init); //入口
module_exit(pin4_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
三、测试代码:
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char const *argv[])
{
int data;
int fd;
fd = open("/dev/pin4",O_RDWR);
if(fd < 0 ){
printf("open failed\n");
error("reason:");
}else{
printf("open success\n");
}
printf("please input 0/1:(0:low--1:high)\n");
scanf("%d",&data);
if(data == 1 | data == 0){
printf("data=%d\n",data);
}else{
printf("error input\n");
}
write(fd,&data,4);
return 0;
}