05【介词】Preposition

05【介词】Preposition

 

1, 介词的位置

1.1 修饰语

和副词一样，是一个修饰的角色，除了完整的文章以外，任何位置都可以出现

介词之后，可以有名词，代名词，动名词，名词性从句等，to不可以哦~

介词+名词 + 主语 + 介词+名词 + 及物动词 + 介词+名词 + 宾语 + 介词+名词

Theater has been temporarily closed for 2 months because of a construction project.

 

1.2 介词解决问题的顺序

确定介词名词的属性

确定和动词的关系

下面前边的名词 / 形容词的关系可以参考~：

动词+ 之外的单词 + 介词 + 名词

1. 介词+名词： 确定时间/场所/原因等
2. 动词+ 之外的单词 + 介词：确定时态/频度/动作等
3. 之外的单词 ：介词前边形容词或者名词

例句）

Sanctum Applications has offered various discounts to customers since September 9.

Since：从过去到现在，所以用现在完成P.P

 

2，时间 介词

2.1 时间点

When?

At +（点）时间点 On +（线/面）星期/日期 in +（空间）年月/季节	应用）数值信息（价格 / 比率）at 7 PM 应用）主题，内容 on March 17 应用）方法，领域 in 2018
Until + 结束时间点 By + 结束时间点 From + 开始时间点	相关时间点截至的“持续“动作 last until 9 PM 相关时间点截至的“一次“动作 arrive by Friday 开始时间，出发地都可以 from 1 to 10
Since 自从，开始时间点	+ 现在完成 have been done (have p.p) have seen since 2000
As of ~开始	+ will Verb=beginning, starting 将来 will start it as of next week
Before +时间点（顺序） After +时间点（顺序）	=prior to=ahead of= earlier than =following=past=subsequent to

 

2.2 时间段

How long?

For 主要+时间段 for 2 months During 主要+一般名词，during the vacation Over/ in 主要+现在完成 have P.P over the last 2 years / in the past 2 years Through(out) 主要+具体性，连续性的时间段 through the class ------》这四个 + 过去 + 时间段 have P.P Within 主要+范围限定，动作只发生一次 within 7 days

 

3，场所，位置，方向介词

3.1 场所介词

At + 小地点：at the corner On + 路，表面: on 1st Street / on the bridge In + 大的地点/空间: in Korea / in the company Throughout： throughout the country Within: within walking distance

 

3.2 位置介词

Above/over 上边: above the clouds, all over the world Below/under 下边: below the line, under construction Beneath/underneath （密切接触的）下边: beneath a pile of document Beside/next to 旁边: next to the column By/alongside 旁边: alongside my car Between……and: 两者之间 Among：三者以上 Behind Beyond： beyond the campus, beyond expectation Past： past the library

 

3.3 方向介词

To: to the address From: from the office Into: into the office Out of: out of the office Across: Across the industry Toward: toward Seoul

 

4, 意义型介词

4.1 原因/结果/目的/让步

1. 原因：because of, due to, owing to, on account of, thanks to
2. 结果: as a result of
3. 目的: for - 用途
4. 让步：despite, in spite of, with all, notwithstanding

4.2 追加/除外/相关型/假定

1. 追加: in addition to, aside from, apart from, besides, as well as  
2. 除外: except (for), but, other than, aside from, apart from, beside
3. 相关型: about, as for, as to, regarding, concerning, pertaining to, on
4. 假定: without, barring, but for, given

4.3 资格/构成/比较/手段

1. 资格: as – work as manager
2. 构成: of – the head of the accounting department
3. 比较: like – unlike – like the old model
4. 手段: through, with, by – through the internet, by bus

4.4 -ing型

加 ing 是介词的，而不是动名词或分词

Regarding Concerning

Barring Including

Excluding Following

Beginning Considering