一、效果演示
按K键可以进行不同绘制方式的切换
二、逻辑分析
核心逻辑就是顶点数组的计算，设半径长为r，原点为O，球体表面上的任意点P（x, y, z）有x = r * sin(a) * cos(b)；y = r * sin(a) * sin(b)；z = r * cos(a)；其中a为OP向量与z轴的夹角，b为OP向量在xoy平面上的投影与x轴的夹角，以夹角a和夹角b为自变量（-90° <= a <= 90°； 0° <= b <= 360°），循环求得球体表面的点为顶点，如下：
//生成球体的顶点，步长为10°（可以自由调整，但是最好是要能被整除，不然顶点不好对齐）
for(int angleXZ = -90; angleXZ <= 90; angleXZ+=10)
{
//此处Z轴两级不需要遍历，就两个点，上下各一个
if(angleXZ == -90 || angleXZ == 90)
{
float x = radius*cos(0* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float y = radius*sin(0* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float z = radius*cos((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
pVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3f(x, y, z));
pColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5));
}
else
{
for(int angleXY = 0; angleXY < 360; angleXY+=10)
{
float x = radius*cos(angleXY* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float y = radius*sin(angleXY* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float z = radius*cos((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
pVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3f(x, y, z));
pColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5));
}
}
}
上述将顶点计算出来后，需要按照一定的方式组织绘制，此处需要理解OSG的底层OPenGL的图元装配方式，然后根据其方式的对应特性进行组织顶点的绘制顺序，实在不行也可以亿点点的尝试，头铁，就硬搞，不服来干！如下：
//初始化顶点绘制顺序，其实这个顺序跟你选择的绘制方式有关osg::PrimitiveSet::LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY，可以玩出各种花儿来
osg::ref_ptr<osg::DrawElementsUInt> pDrawEleUInt = new osg::DrawElementsUInt(osg::PrimitiveSet::LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY);
//底部
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(0);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(1+hI);
}
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(1+hI);
}
//中间
for(int vI = 0; vI < 16; vI++)
{
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
if(hI == 35)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+0+1);
}
else
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back((vI+1)*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back((vI+1)*36+hI+2);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+2);
}
}
}
//顶部
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(17*36+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(16*36+hI+1);
}
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(16*36+hI+1);
}
//初始化EBO缓冲，并将上述顶点绘制顺序关联
osg::ref_ptr<osg::ElementBufferObject> pEboBuffer = new osg::ElementBufferObject;
pDrawEleUInt->setElementBufferObject(pEboBuffer.get());
pGeom->addPrimitiveSet(pDrawEleUInt.get());
pGeom->setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
三、整体代码实现
#include <iostream>
#include <osgDB/ReadFile>
#include <osgViewer/Viewer>
#include <osg/Node>
#include <osg/Geode>
#include <osg/Geometry>
#include <osg/Point>
using namespace std;
/**
* @brief CreateSphereShape 创建球体形状的几何体
* @param radius 半径
* @return osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> 球体形状节点
*/
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> CreateSphereShape(float radius);
//自定义访问器，更换绘制方式的
class CCustomVisitor : public osg::NodeVisitor
{
public:
CCustomVisitor(){};
void apply(osg::Geode& node) override
{
osg::Drawable* pDrawable = node.getDrawable(0);
osg::PrimitiveSet* pPrimi = pDrawable->asGeometry()->getPrimitiveSet(0);
osg::DrawElementsUInt* pDrawE = dynamic_cast<osg::DrawElementsUInt*>(pPrimi);
if(pDrawE->getMode() == osg::PrimitiveSet::POINTS)
{
pDrawE->setMode(osg::PrimitiveSet::LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY);
}
else
{
pDrawE->setMode(osg::PrimitiveSet::POINTS);
}
}
};
//自定义事件，处理几何模型的
class CCustomEvnet : public osgGA::GUIEventHandler
{
public:
CCustomEvnet(osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> pShape)
: m_pShape(pShape){}
bool handle(const osgGA::GUIEventAdapter& ea,osgGA::GUIActionAdapter& ee) override
{
(void)ee;
if(ea.getEventType() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEYDOWN
&& ea.getKey() == osgGA::GUIEventAdapter::KEY_K)
{
CCustomVisitor visitor;
m_pShape->accept(visitor);
}
return false;
}
private:
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> m_pShape;
};
int main()
{
osgViewer::Viewer viewer;
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Group> pRoot = new osg::Group;
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> pShape = CreateSphereShape(50);
pRoot->addChild(pShape);
viewer.setSceneData(pRoot);
viewer.setUpViewInWindow(100, 100, 800, 600);
viewer.addEventHandler(new CCustomEvnet(pShape));
viewer.run();
return 0;
}
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Node> CreateSphereShape(float radius)
{
//初始化相关对象
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geometry> pGeom = new osg::Geometry;
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Vec3Array> pVertexArray = new osg::Vec3Array;
pGeom->setVertexArray(pVertexArray.get());
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Vec4Array> pColorArray = new osg::Vec4Array;
pGeom->setColorArray(pColorArray.get());
pGeom->setColorBinding(osg::Geometry::BIND_PER_VERTEX);
//生成球体的顶点
for(int angleXZ = -90; angleXZ <= 90; angleXZ+=10)
{
if(angleXZ == -90 || angleXZ == 90)
{
float x = radius*cos(0* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float y = radius*sin(0* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float z = radius*cos((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
pVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3f(x, y, z));
pColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5));
}
else
{
for(int angleXY = 0; angleXY < 360; angleXY+=10)
{
float x = radius*cos(angleXY* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float y = radius*sin(angleXY* M_PI / 180.0)*sin((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
float z = radius*cos((90-angleXZ)* M_PI / 180.0);
pVertexArray->push_back(osg::Vec3f(x, y, z));
pColorArray->push_back(osg::Vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5));
}
}
}
//初始化顶点绘制顺序，其实这个顺序跟你选择的绘制方式有关osg::PrimitiveSet::LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY，可以玩出各种花儿来
osg::ref_ptr<osg::DrawElementsUInt> pDrawEleUInt = new osg::DrawElementsUInt(osg::PrimitiveSet::LINE_STRIP_ADJACENCY);
//底部
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(0);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(1+hI);
}
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(1+hI);
}
//中间
for(int vI = 0; vI < 16; vI++)
{
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
if(hI == 35)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+0+1);
}
else
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back((vI+1)*36+hI+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back((vI+1)*36+hI+2);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(vI*36+hI+2);
}
}
}
//顶部
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(17*36+1);
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(16*36+hI+1);
}
for(int hI = 0; hI < 36; hI++)
{
pDrawEleUInt->push_back(16*36+hI+1);
}
//初始化EBO缓冲，并将上述顶点绘制顺序关联
osg::ref_ptr<osg::ElementBufferObject> pEboBuffer = new osg::ElementBufferObject;
pDrawEleUInt->setElementBufferObject(pEboBuffer.get());
pGeom->addPrimitiveSet(pDrawEleUInt.get());
pGeom->setUseVertexBufferObjects(true);
osg::ref_ptr<osg::Geode> pGeode = new osg::Geode;
pGeode->addDrawable(pGeom);
//关闭光照，每个面看起来都一样
osg::StateSet* stateSet = pGeode->getOrCreateStateSet();
stateSet->setMode(GL_LIGHTING, osg::StateAttribute::OFF);
stateSet->setMode(GL_DEPTH_TEST, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
stateSet->setMode(GL_BLEND, osg::StateAttribute::ON);
//设置点的大小
osg::Point* pointSize = new osg::Point;
pointSize->setSize(2.0);
stateSet->setAttribute(pointSize);
return pGeode.get();
}
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