RK3568平台（camera篇）点亮gc2053/gc2093

嵌入式_笔记

已于 2024-04-20 16:28:11 修改

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分类专栏：瑞芯微文章标签：驱动开发

于 2022-12-29 23:32:43 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49303682/article/details/128271314

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一.camera名词解释

在现代移动设备中，常用一种接口用来连接SOC和LCD和Camera,这种接口就是MIPI
其中SOC和LCD连接叫 DSI（DisplayCommandSet）,SOC和Camera连接叫CSI（DisplaySerialInterface）。

二.camera数据通路

一般情况下，Camera和SOC有两个接口进行连接，分为为MIPI接口和I2C接口，其中MIPI接口用来传输图像的数据，数据传输路径为从Sensor传输到SOC。另一个接口为I2C接口，主要是用来SOC对Sensor初始化配置寄存器和摄像头参数的配置，比如要进行图像数据捕获的时候就需要通过i2c对Sensor的寄存器进行配置。

在这里插入图片描述

由上面的两个图可以看到，光线经过Sensor之后，Sensor芯片经过ADC转换生成图像数据，然后Sensor生成的图像数据经过MIPI总线进入SOC，进入SOC之后经过ISP进行图像处理。所以由此可以可以看出，Camera驱动V4L2一定有这3部分组成，第一部分与Sensor相关的，比如控制Sensor的寄存器进行配置，这一部分是有Sensor厂家提供。第二部分和MIPI相关的，需要MIPI进行图像传输，所以驱动应该就有这一部分的驱动，这部分一般是由SOC厂家提供。第三部分就是ISP部分，有些SOC有ISP图像处理模块，经过MIPI传输的图像进入SOC之后需要在传入SOC的ISP模块对图像进一步进行加工，所以一定是有一部分驱动是描述ISP模块的。

三.Camera 使用

用单目摄像头配置为full mode，若使用双目摄像头配置为split mode。

full mode：

仅使用csi2_dphy0,csi2_dphy0与csi2_dphy1/csi2_dphy2互斥,不可同时使用;
data lane最大4 lanes;
最大速率2.5Gbps/lane;

split mode：

仅使用csi2_dphy1和csi2_dphy2, 与csi2_dphy0互斥,不可同时使用;
csi2_dphy1和csi2_dphy2可同时使用;
csi2_dphy1和csi2_dphy2各自的data lane最大是2 lanes;
csi2_dphy1对应物理dphy的lane0/lane1;
csi2_dphy2对应物理dphy的lane2/lane3;
最大速率2.5Gbps/lane

四.点亮senser gc2053/gc2093

添加驱动源文件：

\kernel\drivers\media\i2c\gc2053.c

\kernel\drivers\media\i2c\gc2093.c

\kernel\include\config\video\gc2053.h

\kernel\include\config\video\gc2093.h

修改Makefile：

kernel/drivers/media/i2c/Makefile

+obj-$(CONFIG_VIDEO_GC2053)	+= gc2053.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_VIDEO_GC2093)	+= gc2093.o

修改Kconfig：

config VIDEO_GC2053
	tristate "GalaxyCore GC2053 sensor support"
	depends on I2C && VIDEO_V4L2 && VIDEO_V4L2_SUBDEV_API
	depends on MEDIA_CAMERA_SUPPORT
	select V4L2_FWNODE
	help
	  Support for the GalaxyCore GC2053 sensor.

	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the
	  module will be called gc2053.

config VIDEO_GC2093
	tristate "GalaxyCore GC2093 sensor support"
	depends on I2C && VIDEO_V4L2 && VIDEO_V4L2_SUBDEV_API
	depends on MEDIA_CAMERA_SUPPORT
	select V4L2_FWNODE
	help
	  Support for the GalaxyCore GC2093 sensor.

	  To compile this driver as a module, choose M here: the
	  module will be called gc2093.

添加驱动对应的宏开关：

kernel/arch/arm64/configs/rockchip_linux_defconfig

CONFIG_VIDEO_GC2053=y
CONFIG_VIDEO_GC2093=y

添加完以上三个，就是在内核中添加驱动完成，可以看开机log中有没有驱动中的log来看驱动有没有被加载，没加载可能存在多个宏开关xxxx_defconfig，需要重新添加。

添加设备树：

首先找到编译进内核的这板dts

/device/rockchip/rk356x/BoardConfig-rk3566-evb2-lp4x-v10.mk

# Kernel dts
export RK_KERNEL_DTS=rk3566-evb2-lp4x-v10-linux

找到rk3566-evb2-lp4x-v10-linux

添加双摄dtsi头文件：

#include "rk3566-tamsong-cam-2ms2m.dtsi"

&i2c4 {
	status = "okay";
	gc2053: gc2053@37 { //IR
		status = "okay";
		compatible = "galaxycore,gc2053";//需要与驱动中的匹配字符串一致
		reg = <0x37>;// sensor I2C 设备地址，7位

        //查看硬件配置引脚，特别注意clocks与pinctrl-0一一对应，
        //CLK_CAM0_OUT->cam_clkout0, CLK_CAM1_OUT->cam_clkout1, CLK_CIF_OUT->cif_clk, 
        //CLK_MIPICSI_OUT->mipicsi_clk0
		avdd-supply = <&vcc_camera>;
		power-domains = <&power RK3568_PD_VI>;
		clocks = <&cru CLK_CAM0_OUT>;
        pinctrl-0 = <&cam_clkout0>;
		clock-names = "xvclk";
		pinctrl-names = "default";

		//power-gpios = <&pca9555 PCA_IO0_3 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; //IR_PWR_EN
		power-gpios = <&gpio4 RK_PB0 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>; //IR_PWR_EN
        // power管脚分配及有效电平
		pwdn-gpios = <&gpio4 RK_PB6 GPIO_ACTIVE_LOW>;

		firefly,clkout-enabled-index = <1>;
		rockchip,camera-module-index = <0>;
        // 模组朝向，有"back"和"front"
		rockchip,camera-module-facing = "back";
        //module与lens命令要与设备/etc/iqfiles中对应sensor的iq文件名后面相同，如gc2053_YT- 
        //RV1109-2-V1_40IR-2MP-F20.xm
		rockchip,camera-module-name = "YT-RV1109-2-V1";
		rockchip,camera-module-lens-name = "40IR-2MP-F20";
		port {
			gc2053_out: endpoint {
				remote-endpoint = <&dphy1_in>;
				data-lanes = <1 2>;
			};
		};
	};

	gc2093: gc2093b@7e { //RGB
		status = "okay";
		compatible = "galaxycore,gc2093";
		reg = <0x7e>;

		avdd-supply = <&vcc_camera>;
		power-domains = <&power RK3568_PD_VI>;
		//clocks = <&pmucru CLK_WIFI>;
		clock-names = "xvclk";
		pinctrl-names = "default";
		//pinctrl-0 = <&refclk_pins>;
		//flash-leds = <&flash_led>;

		pwdn-gpios = <&gpio4 RK_PB7 GPIO_ACTIVE_HIGH>;

		firefly,clkout-enabled-index = <0>;
		rockchip,camera-module-index = <1>;
		rockchip,camera-module-facing = "front";
		rockchip,camera-module-name = "YT-RV1109-2-V1";
		rockchip,camera-module-lens-name = "40IR-2MP-F20";
		port {
			gc2093_out: endpoint {
				remote-endpoint = <&dphy2_in>;
				data-lanes = <1 2>;
			};
		};
	};
};

五.调试

将编译的内核镜像烧写到设备，设备启动后i2c总线上没有检测到0x37的设备:

[root@RK356X:/]# i2cdetect -y 4
     0  1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  a  b  c  d  e  f
00:                         -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
10: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
20: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
30: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
40: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
50: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
60: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 
70: -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --

启动日志也显示gc2053的驱动加载失败：

[?2004hroot@RK356X:/# dmesg | grep gc
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.232 (tamsong@tamsong-pc) (gcc version 6.3.1 20170404 (Linaro GCC 6.3-2017.05), GNU ld (Linaro_Binutils-2017.05) 2.27.0.20161019) #5 SMP Tue Dec 13 14:53:49 CST 2022
[    0.984327] gc2053 4-0037: driver version: 00.01.01
[    0.984369] gc2053 4-0037: Failed to get reset-gpios
[    0.984426] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dovdd-supply from device tree
[    0.984435] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dovdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2053@37 failed
[    0.984462] gc2053 4-0037: 4-0037 supply dovdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    0.984543] gc2053 4-0037: Linked as a consumer to regulator.0
[    0.984557] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up avdd-supply from device tree
[    0.984606] gc2053 4-0037: Linked as a consumer to regulator.9
[    0.984620] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dvdd-supply from device tree
[    0.984628] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dvdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2053@37 failed
[    0.984641] gc2053 4-0037: 4-0037 supply dvdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    0.984683] gc2053 4-0037: lane_num(2)  pixel_rate(118800000)
[    0.984698] gc2053 4-0037: could not get default pinstate
[    0.984705] gc2053 4-0037: could not get sleep pinstate
[    0.989435] gc2053 4-0037: gc2053 read reg(0xf0 val:0x0) failed !
[    0.989627] gc2053 4-0037: gc2053 read reg(0xf1 val:0x0) failed !
[    0.989642] gc2053 4-0037: gc2053_read_reg failed (-6)
[    0.989812] gc2053 4-0037: Dropping the link to regulator.9
[    0.990142] gc2093 4-007e: driver version: 00.01.04
[    0.990233] gc2093 4-007e: Failed to get reset-gpios
[    0.990276] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dovdd-supply from device tree
[    0.990286] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dovdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2093b@7e failed
[    0.990311] gc2093 4-007e: 4-007e supply dovdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    0.990358] gc2093 4-007e: Linked as a consumer to regulator.0
[    0.990372] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up avdd-supply from device tree
[    0.990420] gc2093 4-007e: Linked as a consumer to regulator.9
[    0.990433] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dvdd-supply from device tree
[    0.990440] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dvdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2093b@7e failed
[    0.990453] gc2093 4-007e: 4-007e supply dvdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    1.012241] gc2093 4-007e: i2c read failed at addr: 3f0
[    1.012444] gc2093 4-007e: i2c read failed at addr: 3f1
[    1.012459] gc2093 4-007e: Failed to read sensor id, (-6)
[    1.012636] gc2093 4-007e: Dropping the link to regulator.9

查看gpio的占用情况：

发现设备树中power-gpio(gpio-136)，pwdn-gpio（gpio-142，gpio-142）并没有出现。

[?2004hroot@RK356X:/# cat /sys/kernel/debug/gpio
gpiochip0: GPIOs 0-31, parent: platform/fdd60000.gpio, gpio0:
 gpio-5   (                    |vcc5v0_otg          ) out lo
 gpio-6   (                    |vcc5v0_host         ) out hi
 gpio-13  (                    |GTP_INT_IRQ         ) in  hi
 gpio-14  (                    |GTP_RST_PORT        ) out hi
 gpio-15  (                    |work                ) out lo
 gpio-18  (                    |vcc3v3_pcie         ) out lo
 gpio-21  (                    |vcc3v3_lcd1_n       ) out hi
 gpio-23  (                    |vcc3v3_lcd0_n       ) out hi

gpiochip1: GPIOs 32-63, parent: platform/fe740000.gpio, gpio1:
 gpio-42  (                    |reset               ) out hi

gpiochip2: GPIOs 64-95, parent: platform/fe750000.gpio, gpio2:
 gpio-73  (                    |reset               ) out lo
 gpio-77  (                    |bt_default_rts      ) in  hi
 gpio-79  (                    |bt_default_reset    ) out lo
 gpio-80  (                    |bt_default_wake_host) in  lo
 gpio-81  (                    |bt_default_wake     ) in  lo

gpiochip3: GPIOs 96-127, parent: platform/fe760000.gpio, gpio3:
 gpio-99  (                    |reset               ) out hi
 gpio-114 (                    |mdio-reset          ) out hi

gpiochip4: GPIOs 128-159, parent: platform/fe770000.gpio, gpio4:
 gpio-145 (                    |vcc_camera          ) out lo

使用示波器测量时钟引脚，发现并没有时钟，怀疑时钟引脚被占用。

查看gpio的复用情况：

RK356X:/sys/kernel/debug/pinctrl/pinctrl-rockchip-pinctrl# cat  pinmux-pins
pin 126 (gpio3-30): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-bus
pin 127 (gpio3-31): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-bus
pin 128 (gpio4-0): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-clk
pin 129 (gpio4-1): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-bus
pin 130 (gpio4-2): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-bus
pin 131 (gpio4-3): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rgmii-clk
pin 132 (gpio4-4): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-tx-bus2
pin 133 (gpio4-5): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-tx-bus2
pin 134 (gpio4-6): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-tx-bus2
pin 135 (gpio4-7): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rx-bus2
pin 136 (gpio4-8): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)
pin 137 (gpio4-9): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-rx-bus2
pin 138 (gpio4-10): fe5d0000.i2c (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function i2c4 group i2c4m0-xfer
pin 139 (gpio4-11): fe5d0000.i2c (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function i2c4 group i2c4m0-xfer
pin 140 (gpio4-12): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)
pin 141 (gpio4-13): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)
pin 142 (gpio4-14): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)
pin 143 (gpio4-15): fe010000.ethernet (GPIO UNCLAIMED) function gmac1 group gmac1m1-miim
pin 144 (gpio4-16): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)
pin 145 (gpio4-17): (MUX UNCLAIMED) gpio4:145
pin 146 (gpio4-18): (MUX UNCLAIMED) (GPIO UNCLAIMED)

发现gpio135时钟引脚被复用做gmac1m1-rx-bus2。

解决办法：使用gpio135复用其他功能时就需要将gmac1m1-rx-bus2 disabled掉。

重新烧录，摄像头加载成功。

[?2004hroot@RK356X:/# dmesg | grep gc
[    0.000000] Linux version 4.19.232 (tamsong@tamsong-pc) (firefly: de4cbd1026ad12db7a811180023b5ab6704f0dc8) (sdk version: rk356x_linux_release_20221015_v1.3.0b.xml) (gcc version 6.3.1 20170404 (Linaro GCC 6.3-2017.05), GNU ld (Linaro_Binutils-2017.05) 2.27.0.20161019) #7 SMP Wed Dec 7 22:52:55 CST 2022
[    1.489249] gc2053 4-0037: driver version: 00.01.01
[    1.489312] gc2053 4-0037: Failed to get reset-gpios
[    1.489382] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dovdd-supply from device tree
[    1.489394] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dovdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2053@37 failed
[    1.489428] gc2053 4-0037: 4-0037 supply dovdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    1.489514] gc2053 4-0037: Linked as a consumer to regulator.0
[    1.489532] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up avdd-supply from device tree
[    1.489584] gc2053 4-0037: Linked as a consumer to regulator.12
[    1.489602] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dvdd-supply from device tree
[    1.489611] gc2053 4-0037: Looking up dvdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2053@37 failed
[    1.489633] gc2053 4-0037: 4-0037 supply dvdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    1.489736] gc2053 4-0037: lane_num(2)  pixel_rate(118800000)
[    1.489759] gc2053 4-0037: could not get default pinstate
[    1.489773] gc2053 4-0037: could not get sleep pinstate
[    1.496116] gc2053 4-0037: Detected GC2053 sensor
[    1.496201] rockchip-csi2-dphy csi2-dphy1: dphy1 matches m00_b_gc2053 4-0037:bus type 4
[    1.497236] gc2093 4-007e: driver version: 00.01.04
[    1.497336] gc2093 4-007e: Failed to get reset-gpios
[    1.497396] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dovdd-supply from device tree
[    1.497409] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dovdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2093b@7e failed
[    1.497444] gc2093 4-007e: 4-007e supply dovdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    1.497525] gc2093 4-007e: Linked as a consumer to regulator.0
[    1.497544] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up avdd-supply from device tree
[    1.497617] gc2093 4-007e: Linked as a consumer to regulator.12
[    1.497674] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dvdd-supply from device tree
[    1.497685] gc2093 4-007e: Looking up dvdd-supply property in node /i2c@fe5d0000/gc2093b@7e failed
[    1.497713] gc2093 4-007e: 4-007e supply dvdd not found, using dummy regulator
[    1.518888] gc2093 4-007e: Detected GC2093 sensor
[    1.518955] rockchip-csi2-dphy csi2-dphy2: dphy2 matches m01_f_gc2093 4-007e:bus type 4
[    8.802897] gc2093 4-007e: sensor mode: 0
[    8.904273] gc2053 4-0037: gc2053 not support hdr mode

六.拍照测试

内核会为摄像头在目录/sys/class/video4linux下分配设备信息描述文件

[?2004hroot@RK356X:/# grep "" /sys/class/video4linux/v*/name | grep mainpath
/sys/class/video4linux/video0/name:rkisp_mainpath
/sys/class/video4linux/video9/name:rkisp_mainpath

在上层可以用video0和video9分别打开两个摄像头。

使用如下脚本获取预览图像：

#!/bin/bash

export DISPLAY=:0
export XAUTHORITY=/home/firefly/.Xauthority
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/gstreamer-1.0
WIDTH=640
HEIGHT=480
SINK=xvimagesink

gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src device=/dev/video0 ! video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=${WIDTH},height=${HEIGHT}, framerate=30/1 ! videoconvert ! $SINK &
gst-launch-1.0 v4l2src device=/dev/video9 ! video/x-raw,format=NV12,width=${WIDTH},height=${HEIGHT}, framerate=30/1 ! videoconvert ! $SINK &

wait

补充知识：

ROC-RK3568-PC 有 5 组 GPIO bank：GPIO0~GPIO4，每组又以 A0-A7、B0-B7、 C0-C7、 D0-D7 作为编号区分，常用以下公式计算引脚：

GPIO 引脚计算公式：pin = bank * 32 + number
GPIO 小组编号计算公式：number = group * 8 + X
下面演示GPIO4_D5 引脚计算方法：

bank = 4;       // GPIO4_D5 => 4, bank ∈ [0,4]
group = 3;      // GPIO4_D5 => 3, group ∈ {(A=0), (B=1), (C=2), (D=3)}
X = 5;          // GPIO4_D5 => 5, X ∈ [0,7]

number = group * 8 + X = 3 * 8 + 5 = 29
pin = bank * 32 + number = 4 * 32 + 29 = 157;

嵌入式_笔记

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RK3568平台（camera篇）点亮gc2053/gc2093

第二部分和MIPI相关的，需要MIPI进行图像传输，所以驱动应该就有这一部分的驱动，这部分一般是由SOC厂家提供。第三部分就是ISP部分，有些SOC有ISP图像处理模块，经过MIPI传输的图像进入SOC之后需要在传入SOC的ISP模块对图像进一步进行加工，所以一定是有一部分驱动是描述ISP模块的。一般情况下，Camera和SOC有两个接口进行连接，分为为MIPI接口和I2C接口，其中MIPI接口用来传输图像的数据，数据传输路径为从Sensor传输到SOC。
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