cv2.approxPolyDP()函数的输出，为近似多边形的顶点坐标

原始图像为

import cv2
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

def cv_show(name, img):
    cv2.imshow(name, img)
    cv2.waitKey(0)
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()


# 读取图像
img = cv2.imread('contours.png')
cv_show('contours', img)

# 灰度化和二值化
gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
thresh = cv2.threshold(gray, 127, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)[1]
cv_show('thresh', thresh)

# 寻找轮廓
cnt = cv2.findContours(thresh, cv2.RETR_TREE, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE)[1]

经过轮廓检测，输出的Value值为cnt，类型为list，元素个数为11，即包含11个轮廓

 c0为在cnt中索引为0，代表第一轮廓，即三角形轮廓

c0 = cnt[0]
res = cv2.drawContours(draw, [c0], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show('res', res)

 

 下面进行轮廓近似

epsilon = 0.1 * cv2.arcLength(c0, True)
approx = cv2.approxPolyDP(c0, epsilon, True)
draw_img = img.copy()
res = cv2.drawContours(draw_img, [approx], -1, (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv_show('res', res)

cv2.apaproxPloyDP函数输出的approx，元素个数为3，即三角形三个顶点