UE5.1.1版本第三人称模板Character C++文件分析

心血来潮想看下更新增强上下文映射输入之后ue的c++控制的人物移动该怎么实现，于是创建了一个新的C++文件，拿到官方的示例进行分析，分析结果如下：

.h头文件

// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#pragma once

#include "CoreMinimal.h"
#include "GameFramework/Character.h"
#include "InputActionValue.h"
#include "MyProject01Character.generated.h"


UCLASS(config=Game)
class AMyProject01Character : public ACharacter
{
	GENERATED_BODY()

	/** Camera boom positioning the camera behind the character */
	//弹簧臂组件
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class USpringArmComponent* CameraBoom;

	/** Follow camera */
	//摄像机组件
	UPROPERTY(VisibleAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Camera, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UCameraComponent* FollowCamera;
	

	//输入操作，事件
	/** MappingContext */
	//输入映射上下文
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputMappingContext* DefaultMappingContext;

	/** Jump Input Action */
	//跳跃输入
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* JumpAction;

	/** Move Input Action */
	//移动输入
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* MoveAction;

	/** Look Input Action */
	//视角控制
	UPROPERTY(EditAnywhere, BlueprintReadOnly, Category = Input, meta = (AllowPrivateAccess = "true"))
	class UInputAction* LookAction;

public:
	//初始化函数
	AMyProject01Character();
	

protected:
	//输入调用函数
	/** Called for movement input */
	void Move(const FInputActionValue& Value);

	/** Called for looking input */
	void Look(const FInputActionValue& Value);
			

protected:
	// APawn interface
	//函数重写
	virtual void SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent) override;
	
	// To add mapping context
	//beginplay事件，用来添加上下文映射
	virtual void BeginPlay();

public:

	//摄像机组件和弹簧臂组件的获取方法，公开
	/** Returns CameraBoom subobject **/
	FORCEINLINE class USpringArmComponent* GetCameraBoom() const { return CameraBoom; }
	/** Returns FollowCamera subobject **/
	FORCEINLINE class UCameraComponent* GetFollowCamera() const { return FollowCamera; }
};

.cpp文件

// Copyright Epic Games, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

#include "MyProject01Character.h"
#include "Camera/CameraComponent.h"
#include "Components/CapsuleComponent.h"
#include "Components/InputComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/CharacterMovementComponent.h"
#include "GameFramework/Controller.h"
#include "GameFramework/SpringArmComponent.h"
#include "EnhancedInputComponent.h"
#include "EnhancedInputSubsystems.h"


//
// AMyProject01Character

//初始化
AMyProject01Character::AMyProject01Character()
{
	// Set size for collision capsule
	//设置胶囊体大小
	GetCapsuleComponent()->InitCapsuleSize(42.f, 96.0f);
		
	// Don't rotate when the controller rotates. Let that just affect the camera.
	//让控制器的转动不影响角色的转动，而是只影响摄像机的转动
	bUseControllerRotationPitch = false;
	bUseControllerRotationYaw = false;
	bUseControllerRotationRoll = false;

	// Configure character movement、
	//bOrientRotationToMovement:为真时，让角色面朝加速度的方向；
	//RotationRate:角色转向的速度，数值越高，转速越快
	GetCharacterMovement()->bOrientRotationToMovement = true; // Character moves in the direction of input...	
	GetCharacterMovement()->RotationRate = FRotator(0.0f, 5000.0f, 0.0f); // ...at this rotation rate

	// Note: For faster iteration times these variables, and many more, can be tweaked in the Character Blueprint
	// instead of recompiling to adjust them
	//跳跃垂直加速度
	GetCharacterMovement()->JumpZVelocity = 700.f;
	//角色在空中的控制量，如果为1则为完全控制，如果为0则完全不能控制
	GetCharacterMovement()->AirControl = 0.35f;
	//角色最大行走速度
	GetCharacterMovement()->MaxWalkSpeed = 500.f;
	//角色最小模拟行走速度，用来模拟当摇杆推动的角度特别小的时候人物的行走速度
	GetCharacterMovement()->MinAnalogWalkSpeed = 20.f;
	//行走时的减速度，以一个常量值降低速度
	GetCharacterMovement()->BrakingDecelerationWalking = 2000.f;

	// Create a camera boom (pulls in towards the player if there is a collision)
	//声明一个弹簧臂
	CameraBoom = CreateDefaultSubobject<USpringArmComponent>(TEXT("CameraBoom"));
	//将弹簧臂作为根组件的子组件
	CameraBoom->SetupAttachment(RootComponent);
	//设置臂长
	CameraBoom->TargetArmLength = 400.0f; // The camera follows at this distance behind the character	
	//让控制器的转动影响弹簧臂的转动
	CameraBoom->bUsePawnControlRotation = true; // Rotate the arm based on the controller

	// Create a follow camera
	//声明一个摄像机
	FollowCamera = CreateDefaultSubobject<UCameraComponent>(TEXT("FollowCamera"));
	// Attach the camera to the end of the boom and let the boom adjust to match the controller orientation
	//将摄像机组件作为弹簧臂组件的子组件，加在弹簧臂的端点上
	FollowCamera->SetupAttachment(CameraBoom, USpringArmComponent::SocketName); 
	//摄像头不受控制器的转动的影响
	FollowCamera->bUsePawnControlRotation = false; // Camera does not rotate relative to arm

	// Note: The skeletal mesh and anim blueprint references on the Mesh component (inherited from Character) 
	// are set in the derived blueprint asset named ThirdPersonCharacter (to avoid direct content references in C++)
}

void AMyProject01Character::BeginPlay()
{
	// Call the base class  
	Super::BeginPlay();

	//Add Input Mapping Context
	//当前pawn的控制器转换为玩家控制器，也就是让玩家控制这个角色，并判断控制器visible
	if (APlayerController* PlayerController = Cast<APlayerController>(Controller))
	{
		//获取玩家控制器，并从玩家控制器中获取增强输入本地玩家子系统
		if (UEnhancedInputLocalPlayerSubsystem* Subsystem = ULocalPlayer::GetSubsystem<UEnhancedInputLocalPlayerSubsystem>(PlayerController->GetLocalPlayer()))
		{
			//把增强映射上下文资产给丢进去，并且设优先级为0(最低，优先级数字越高，优先级越高)
			Subsystem->AddMappingContext(DefaultMappingContext, 0);
		}
	}
}

//
// Input

//重写SetupPlayerInputComponent，实现接口
void AMyProject01Character::SetupPlayerInputComponent(class UInputComponent* PlayerInputComponent)
{
	// Set up action bindings
	//玩家输入组件转换为增强输入组件类并赋值给EnhancedInputComponent
	if (UEnhancedInputComponent* EnhancedInputComponent = CastChecked<UEnhancedInputComponent>(PlayerInputComponent)) {
		
		//Jumping
		//摁下跳跃键的时候，进行跳跃，放开跳跃键的时候停止跳跃
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(JumpAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &ACharacter::Jump);
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(JumpAction, ETriggerEvent::Completed, this, &ACharacter::StopJumping);

		//Moving
		//绑定移动输入事件
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(MoveAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &AMyProject01Character::Move);

		//Looking
		//绑定视角输入事件
		EnhancedInputComponent->BindAction(LookAction, ETriggerEvent::Triggered, this, &AMyProject01Character::Look);

	}

}

void AMyProject01Character::Move(const FInputActionValue& Value)
{
	// input is a Vector2D
	//输入值其实是一个2d向量，所以我们最后也要把它转化成2d向量，这个2d向量只会有三个值(如果是鼠标键盘的话)，就是0、1和-1
	FVector2D MovementVector = Value.Get<FVector2D>();

	if (Controller != nullptr)
	{
		// find out which way is forward
		//找到控制器的旋转输入，拿到绕z轴旋转的方向也就是控制器的朝向方向
		const FRotator Rotation = Controller->GetControlRotation();
		const FRotator YawRotation(0, Rotation.Yaw, 0);

		// get forward vector
		//找到人物此时的前向量
		const FVector ForwardDirection = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::X);
	
		// get right vector 
		//找到人物此时的右向量
		const FVector RightDirection = FRotationMatrix(YawRotation).GetUnitAxis(EAxis::Y);

		// add movement 
		//增加输入
		//当我们摁下A或D的时候，MovementVector.Y的值就不是0，就会按照摄像机的方向的左右进行移动
		//当我们摁下W或S的时候也是。
		//AddMovementInput:沿给定场景方向向量添加运动输入
		AddMovementInput(ForwardDirection, MovementVector.Y);
		AddMovementInput(RightDirection, MovementVector.X);
	}
}

void AMyProject01Character::Look(const FInputActionValue& Value)
{
	// input is a Vector2D
	//获得鼠标方向
	FVector2D LookAxisVector = Value.Get<FVector2D>();

	if (Controller != nullptr)
	{
		// add yaw and pitch input to controller
		//将鼠标的位置添加到控制器的controllerRotation
		AddControllerYawInput(LookAxisVector.X);
		AddControllerPitchInput(LookAxisVector.Y);
	}
}

注意：其中有部分组件在当前.h文件与.cpp文件中未定义，原因是因为其父类定义了相应的组件，子类继承父类自然就有了这些东西，想找到更详细的组件定义的话就去character类和pawn类甚至是object类里面找。