目录
基本运算
线性方程组的解法和奇异矩阵
%% Backslash反斜杠运算
format bank
A = [3 12 1; 12 0 2; 0 2 3]
b = [2.36 5.26 2.77]'
x = A\b
%% Forward slash正斜杠运算
x = b'/A'
%% Inconsistent singular system不相容的奇异方程组
A(3,:) = [6 0 1]
A\b
%% Consistent singular system相容的奇异方程组
b(3) = 2.63
%% One particular solution特解
x = A(1:2,1:2)\b(1:2);
x(3) = 0
A*x
%% Null vector
z = null(A)
A*z
%% General solution
t = rand % Arbitrary parameter
y = x + t*z
A*y
课后练习
化零向量
求出AZ=0的非零解:
A = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9];
B = [0 0 0]';
% 求解A的零空间
null_space = null(A);
% 选择一个非零向量作为非零解
non_zero_solution = null_space(:, 1);
% 检查解是否满足Ax = B
if isequal(A * non_zero_solution, B)
disp('非零解:');
disp(non_zero_solution);
else
disp('找不到非零解。');
end
反斜杠运算
矩阵方程:
A=[53 -52 23;
-22 8 38;
-7 68 -37]
Z=[360 360 360]
B=diag(Z)
A\B
更多的水果问题:
format bank
A = [4 12 2; 12 0 2; 0 6 3]
b = [4.14 5.26 2.97]'
x = A\b