android studio简单功能设计
一、电话拨打
(一)代码设计
1.PhoneActivity
package com.example.helloworld1;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.ImageButton;
import com.example.helloworld.R;
public class PhoneActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText phoneNum;
ImageButton call_btn;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_phone);
phoneNum=(EditText) findViewById(R.id.phoneNum);
call_btn=(ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.call_btn);
if(shouldAskPermissions()){
askPermissions();
}
call_btn = findViewById(R.id.call_btn);
call_btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_CALL);
intent.addCategory(intent.CATEGORY_DEFAULT);
intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:" + phoneNum.getText()));
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
public boolean shouldAskPermissions(){
return (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP_MR1);
}
public void askPermissions() {
String[] permissions = {
"android.permission.CALL_PHONE"
};
int requestCode = 200;
requestPermissions(permissions, requestCode);
}
}
2.activity_phone.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="20dp"
android:paddingTop="20dp"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.helloworld1.PhoneActivity">
<TextView
android:layout_width="325dp"
android:layout_height="30dp"
android:text="电话拨号"
app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="输入电话号码"
android:inputType="number"
android:id="@+id/phoneNum"/>
<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<ImageButton
android:id="@+id/call_btn"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:background="@mipmap/img" />
</RelativeLayout>
</LinearLayout>
3.权限设置
AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />
(二)页面演示
选择页面
进入拨号页面
二、 短信发送
(一)代码设计
1.MailAcitivity
package com.example.helloworld1;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.appcompat.widget.Toolbar;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsManager;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import com.example.helloworld.R;
import com.google.android.material.floatingactionbutton.FloatingActionButton;
import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar;
import java.util.List;
public class MailActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_mail);
EditText et_name=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.num_btn);
EditText et_message=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.mes_btn);
Button bt_send=(Button)findViewById(R.id.send_btn);
bt_send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
//第二步点击事件
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//3.事件处理
//3.1获取相关信息
String name = et_name.getText().toString();
String message = et_message.getText().toString();
Uri nameUri = Uri.parse("smsto:" + name);
Intent returnIt = new Intent();
returnIt.setAction(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO);//发短信的action
returnIt.setData(nameUri);
returnIt.putExtra("sms_body",message);
//1.获取短信管理器
//3.2发送短信
startActivity(returnIt);
}
});
}
}
2.activity_mail.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="20dp"
android:paddingTop="20dp"
tools:context="com.example.helloworld1.MailActivity">
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="电话号码"
android:inputType="number"
android:id="@+id/num_btn"/>
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="短信内容"
android:id="@+id/mes_btn"/>
<Button
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="发送"
android:textColor="#ff0066"
android:id="@+id/send_btn"/>
</LinearLayout>
3.权限设置
AndroidManifest.xml
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
(二)页面演示
1.输入电话
2.输入信息
3.成功传递调用短信
4.未发送,保存草稿
三、照相机调用
(一)代码设计
1.CarmeraAcitiviy
ackage com.example.helloworld1;
import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;
import androidx.core.content.FileProvider;
import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import com.example.helloworld.R;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
public class CameraActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
public static final int TAKE_PHOTO = 1;//声明一个请求码,用于识别返回的结果
private ImageView picture;
private Uri imageUri;
private final String filePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + "output_image.jpg";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
Intent it = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
startActivityForResult(it, Activity.DEFAULT_KEYS_DIALER);
//重写onActivityResult方法
//点击事件进行拍照
Button takephoto = findViewById(R.id.take_photo);
picture = findViewById(R.id.picture);
takephoto.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View view) {
//动态请求相机权限
requestPermission(); //在其中若用户给予权限则请求相机拍照
}
});
//设置默认图片
setDefualtImage();
}
//动态请求权限
private void requestPermission() {
if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//请求权限
ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE, Manifest.permission.CAMERA}, 1);
} else {
//调用
requestCamera();
}
}
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
if (grantResults != null && grantResults.length != 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
switch (requestCode) {
case 1: {
requestCamera();
}
break;
}
}
}
private void requestCamera() {
File outputImage = new File(filePath);
/*
创建一个File文件对象,用于存放摄像头拍下的图片,我们把这个图片命名为output_image.jpg
并把它存放在应用关联缓存目录下,调用getExternalCacheDir()可以得到这个目录,为什么要
用关联缓存目录呢?由于android6.0开始,读写sd卡列为了危险权限,使用的时候必须要有权限,
应用关联目录则可以跳过这一步
*/
try//判断图片是否存在,存在则删除在创建,不存在则直接创建
{
if (!outputImage.getParentFile().exists()) {
outputImage.getParentFile().mkdirs();
}
if (outputImage.exists()) {
outputImage.delete();
}
outputImage.createNewFile();
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {
imageUri = FileProvider.getUriForFile(this,
"com.example.mydemo.fileprovider", outputImage);
} else {
imageUri = Uri.fromFile(outputImage);
}
//使用隐示的Intent,系统会找到与它对应的活动,即调用摄像头,并把它存储
Intent intent = new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE");
intent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, imageUri);
startActivityForResult(intent, TAKE_PHOTO);
//调用会返回结果的开启方式,返回成功的话,则把它显示出来
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//处理返回结果的函数,下面是隐示Intent的返回结果的处理方式,具体见以前我所发的intent讲解
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, @Nullable Intent data) {
super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
switch (requestCode) {
case TAKE_PHOTO:
if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
try {
Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(getContentResolver().openInputStream(imageUri));
picture.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
//将图片解析成Bitmap对象,并把它显现出来
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}
//设置保存拍照图片——>再次关闭app重新打开显示为上次拍照照片
private void setDefualtImage() {
File outputImage = new File(filePath);
if (!outputImage.exists()) {
return;
}
picture.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeFile(filePath));
}
}
activity_carmera.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TableLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:collapseColumns="0,2"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="20dp"
android:paddingTop="20dp"
tools:context="com.example.helloworld1.CameraActivity">
<Button
android:id="@+id/take_photo"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="take photo"
/>
<ImageView
android:id="@+id/picture"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal"
/>
</TableLayout>
(二)页面演示
1.打开相机页面
2.点击TAKE PHOTO
3.照片
四、地图打开
(一)代码设计
1.MapAcivity
public class MapActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
EditText mapnum;
Button map_btn;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_map);
mapnum = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.mapNum);
map_btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.map_btn);
map_btn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Intent intent = new Intent();
Uri uri = Uri.parse(("geo:" + mapnum.getText()));
intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
intent.setData(uri);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
}
2.activity_map.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:paddingLeft="20dp"
android:paddingRight="20dp"
android:paddingBottom="20dp"
android:paddingTop="20dp"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.helloworld1.MapActivity">
<EditText
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="输入经纬度"
android:inputType="text"
android:id="@+id/mapNum"/>
<Button
android:text="打开地图"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:id="@+id/map_btn"/>
</LinearLayout>
(二)页面演示
1.点击地图打开页面
2.输入经纬度,打开地图
3.选择百度地图,打开成功