ESP32 CAM 控制二轴小云台实现数据流

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本代码参考其它博客的代码,由于其它代码一些存在按键按下画面卡死和画面显示不出来的问题,还有一些博客的代码操作比较复杂,需要添加较多的依赖库,故在此进行修改,这里的代码需要下载ESP32的开发板,建议开个github加速器,不然会久到崩溃,这里不需要额外添加Servo的依赖库。

修改ssid:WiFi名称和password:密码

以及小云台舵机的引脚号即可

9e074847e5a385a392448d1da0f3fab9.png

完整代码:

/*********
   
  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files.
  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
*********/
#include "esp_camera.h"
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "esp_timer.h"
#include "img_converters.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
#include "fb_gfx.h"
#include "soc/soc.h"             // disable brownout problems
#include "soc/rtc_cntl_reg.h"    // disable brownout problems
#include "esp_http_server.h"
#include <ESP32Servo.h>
// Replace with your network credentials
const char* ssid = "xxx";
const char* password = "xxxxxx";
#define PART_BOUNDARY "123456789000000000000987654321"
#define CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WITHOUT_PSRAM
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM_B
//#define CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT
#if defined(CAMERA_MODEL_WROVER_KIT)
  #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM    -1
  #define RESET_GPIO_NUM   -1
  #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM    21
  #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM    26
  #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM    27
  
  #define Y9_GPIO_NUM      35
  #define Y8_GPIO_NUM      34
  #define Y7_GPIO_NUM      39
  #define Y6_GPIO_NUM      36
  #define Y5_GPIO_NUM      19
  #define Y4_GPIO_NUM      18
  #define Y3_GPIO_NUM       5
  #define Y2_GPIO_NUM       4
  #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM   25
  #define HREF_GPIO_NUM    23
  #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM    22
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM)
  #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     -1
  #define RESET_GPIO_NUM    15
  #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM     27
  #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     25
  #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     23
  
  #define Y9_GPIO_NUM       19
  #define Y8_GPIO_NUM       36
  #define Y7_GPIO_NUM       18
  #define Y6_GPIO_NUM       39
  #define Y5_GPIO_NUM        5
  #define Y4_GPIO_NUM       34
  #define Y3_GPIO_NUM       35
  #define Y2_GPIO_NUM       32
  #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    22
  #define HREF_GPIO_NUM     26
  #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     21
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_WITHOUT_PSRAM)
  #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     -1
  #define RESET_GPIO_NUM    15
  #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM     27
  #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     25
  #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     23
  
  #define Y9_GPIO_NUM       19
  #define Y8_GPIO_NUM       36
  #define Y7_GPIO_NUM       18
  #define Y6_GPIO_NUM       39
  #define Y5_GPIO_NUM        5
  #define Y4_GPIO_NUM       34
  #define Y3_GPIO_NUM       35
  #define Y2_GPIO_NUM       17
  #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    22
  #define HREF_GPIO_NUM     26
  #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     21
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_AI_THINKER)
  #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     32
  #define RESET_GPIO_NUM    -1
  #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM      0
  #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     26
  #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     27
  
  #define Y9_GPIO_NUM       35
  #define Y8_GPIO_NUM       34
  #define Y7_GPIO_NUM       39
  #define Y6_GPIO_NUM       36
  #define Y5_GPIO_NUM       21
  #define Y4_GPIO_NUM       19
  #define Y3_GPIO_NUM       18
  #define Y2_GPIO_NUM        5
  #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    25
  #define HREF_GPIO_NUM     23
  #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     22
#elif defined(CAMERA_MODEL_M5STACK_PSRAM_B)
  #define PWDN_GPIO_NUM     -1
  #define RESET_GPIO_NUM    15
  #define XCLK_GPIO_NUM     27
  #define SIOD_GPIO_NUM     22
  #define SIOC_GPIO_NUM     23
  
  #define Y9_GPIO_NUM       19
  #define Y8_GPIO_NUM       36
  #define Y7_GPIO_NUM       18
  #define Y6_GPIO_NUM       39
  #define Y5_GPIO_NUM        5
  #define Y4_GPIO_NUM       34
  #define Y3_GPIO_NUM       35
  #define Y2_GPIO_NUM       32
  #define VSYNC_GPIO_NUM    25
  #define HREF_GPIO_NUM     26
  #define PCLK_GPIO_NUM     21
#else
  #error "Camera model not selected"
#endif

// 定义舵机连接的GPIO引脚  
#define SERVO_PIN 12  // 舵机1
#define SERVO_PIN1 15 // 舵机2
#define Light_PIN 4
static int SERVO_MIN_PULSE=500; 
static int SERVO_MIN1_PULSE=500; 
static int SERVO_MAX_PULSE=2000;
 
void servoWriteMicroseconds(int pin, int us) {  
  digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);  
  delayMicroseconds(us);  
  digitalWrite(pin, LOW);  
  delayMicroseconds(20000 - us); 
}

void servoWriteMicroseconds1(int pin, int us) {  
  digitalWrite(pin, HIGH);  
  delayMicroseconds(us);  
  digitalWrite(pin, LOW);  
  delayMicroseconds(20000 - us); 
}

static const char* _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE = "multipart/x-mixed-replace;boundary=" PART_BOUNDARY;
static const char* _STREAM_BOUNDARY = "\r\n--" PART_BOUNDARY "\r\n";
static const char* _STREAM_PART = "Content-Type: image/jpeg\r\nContent-Length: %u\r\n\r\n";
httpd_handle_t camera_httpd = NULL;
httpd_handle_t stream_httpd = NULL;
static const char PROGMEM INDEX_HTML[] = R"rawliteral(
<html>
  <head>
    <title>ESP32-CAM Robot</title>
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <style>
      body { font-family: Arial; text-align: center; margin:0px auto; padding-top: 30px;}
      table { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }
      td { padding: 8 px; }
      .button {
        background-color: #2f4468;
        border: none;
        color: white;
        padding: 10px 20px;
        text-align: center;
        text-decoration: none;
        display: inline-block;
        font-size: 18px;
        margin: 6px 3px;
        cursor: pointer;
        -webkit-touch-callout: none;
        -webkit-user-select: none;
        -khtml-user-select: none;
        -moz-user-select: none;
        -ms-user-select: none;
        user-select: none;
        -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0,0,0,0);
      }
      img {  width: auto ;
        max-width: 100% ;
        height: auto ; 
      }
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>ESP32-CAM Pan and Tilt</h1>
    <img src="" id="photo" >
    <table>
      <tr><td colspan="3" align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('up');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('up');">Up</button></td></tr>
      <tr><td align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('left');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('left');">Left</button></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('right');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('right');">Right</button></td></tr>
      <tr><td colspan="3" align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('down');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('down');">Down</button></td></tr>
      <tr><td align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('LED_ON');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('LED_ON');">LED_ON</button></td><td align="center"></td><td align="center"><button class="button" onmousedown="toggleCheckbox('LED_OFF');" ontouchstart="toggleCheckbox('LED_OFF');">LED_OFF</button></td></tr>                 
    </table>
   <script>
   function toggleCheckbox(x) {
     var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
     xhr.open("GET", "/action?go=" + x, true);
     xhr.send();
   }
   window.onload = document.getElementById("photo").src = window.location.href.slice(0, -1) + ":81/stream";
  </script>
  </body>
</html>
)rawliteral";
static esp_err_t index_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
  httpd_resp_set_type(req, "text/html");
  return httpd_resp_send(req, (const char *)INDEX_HTML, strlen(INDEX_HTML));
}
static esp_err_t stream_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
  camera_fb_t * fb = NULL;
  esp_err_t res = ESP_OK;
  size_t _jpg_buf_len = 0;
  uint8_t * _jpg_buf = NULL;
  char * part_buf[64];
  res = httpd_resp_set_type(req, _STREAM_CONTENT_TYPE);
  if(res != ESP_OK){
    return res;
  }
  while(true){
    fb = esp_camera_fb_get();
    if (!fb) {
      Serial.println("Camera capture failed");
      res = ESP_FAIL;
    } else {
      if(fb->width > 400){
        if(fb->format != PIXFORMAT_JPEG){
          bool jpeg_converted = frame2jpg(fb, 80, &_jpg_buf, &_jpg_buf_len);
          esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
          fb = NULL;
          if(!jpeg_converted){
            Serial.println("JPEG compression failed");
            res = ESP_FAIL;
          }
        } else {
          _jpg_buf_len = fb->len;
          _jpg_buf = fb->buf;
        }
      }
    }
    if(res == ESP_OK){
      size_t hlen = snprintf((char *)part_buf, 64, _STREAM_PART, _jpg_buf_len);
      res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)part_buf, hlen);
    }
    if(res == ESP_OK){
      res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, (const char *)_jpg_buf, _jpg_buf_len);
    }
    if(res == ESP_OK){
      res = httpd_resp_send_chunk(req, _STREAM_BOUNDARY, strlen(_STREAM_BOUNDARY));
    }
    if(fb){
      esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
      fb = NULL;
      _jpg_buf = NULL;
    } else if(_jpg_buf){
      free(_jpg_buf);
      _jpg_buf = NULL;
    }
    if(res != ESP_OK){
      break;
    }
    //Serial.printf("MJPG: %uBn",(uint32_t)(_jpg_buf_len));
  }
  return res;
}
static esp_err_t cmd_handler(httpd_req_t *req){
  char*  buf;
  size_t buf_len;
  char variable[32] = {0,};
  
  buf_len = httpd_req_get_url_query_len(req) + 1;
  if (buf_len > 1) {
    buf = (char*)malloc(buf_len);
    if(!buf){
      httpd_resp_send_500(req);
      return ESP_FAIL;
    }
    if (httpd_req_get_url_query_str(req, buf, buf_len) == ESP_OK) {
      if (httpd_query_key_value(buf, "go", variable, sizeof(variable)) == ESP_OK) {
      } else {
        free(buf);
        httpd_resp_send_404(req);
        return ESP_FAIL;
      }
    } else {
      free(buf);
      httpd_resp_send_404(req);
      return ESP_FAIL;
    }
    free(buf);
  } else {
    httpd_resp_send_404(req);
    return ESP_FAIL;
  }
  sensor_t * s = esp_camera_sensor_get();
  //flip the camera vertically
  //s->set_vflip(s, 1);          // 0 = disable , 1 = enable
  // mirror effect
  //s->set_hmirror(s, 1);          // 0 = disable , 1 = enable
  int res = 0;
  
  if(!strcmp(variable, "up")) {
      servoWriteMicroseconds(SERVO_PIN, SERVO_MIN_PULSE-=50);
      SERVO_MIN_PULSE<=500?SERVO_MIN_PULSE=500:SERVO_MIN_PULSE;
    Serial.println(SERVO_MIN_PULSE);
    Serial.println("Up");
  }
  else if(!strcmp(variable, "left")) {
      servoWriteMicroseconds1(SERVO_PIN1, SERVO_MIN1_PULSE+=50);
      SERVO_MIN1_PULSE>=2000?SERVO_MIN_PULSE=2000:SERVO_MIN1_PULSE;
    Serial.println(SERVO_MIN1_PULSE);
    Serial.println("Left");
  }
  else if(!strcmp(variable, "right")) {
      servoWriteMicroseconds1(SERVO_PIN1, SERVO_MIN1_PULSE-=50);
      SERVO_MIN1_PULSE<=500?SERVO_MIN1_PULSE=500:SERVO_MIN1_PULSE;
    Serial.println(SERVO_MIN1_PULSE);
    Serial.println("Right");
  }
  else if(!strcmp(variable, "down")) {
      servoWriteMicroseconds(SERVO_PIN, SERVO_MIN_PULSE+=50);
      SERVO_MIN_PULSE>=1500?SERVO_MIN_PULSE=1500:SERVO_MIN_PULSE;
    Serial.println(SERVO_MIN_PULSE);
    Serial.println("Down");
  }
    else if(!strcmp(variable, "LED_ON")) {
    digitalWrite(Light_PIN,HIGH);
    Serial.println("LED_ON");
  }
    else if(!strcmp(variable, "LED_OFF")) {
    digitalWrite(Light_PIN,LOW);
    Serial.println("LED_OFF");
  }
  else {
    res = -1;
  }
  if(res){
    return httpd_resp_send_500(req);
  }
  httpd_resp_set_hdr(req, "Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");
  return httpd_resp_send(req, NULL, 0);
}
void startCameraServer(){
  httpd_config_t config = HTTPD_DEFAULT_CONFIG();
  config.server_port = 80;
  httpd_uri_t index_uri = {
    .uri       = "/",
    .method    = HTTP_GET,
    .handler   = index_handler,
    .user_ctx  = NULL
  };
  httpd_uri_t cmd_uri = {
    .uri       = "/action",
    .method    = HTTP_GET,
    .handler   = cmd_handler,
    .user_ctx  = NULL
  };
  httpd_uri_t stream_uri = {
    .uri       = "/stream",
    .method    = HTTP_GET,
    .handler   = stream_handler,
    .user_ctx  = NULL
  };
  if (httpd_start(&camera_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
    httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &index_uri);
    httpd_register_uri_handler(camera_httpd, &cmd_uri);
  }
  config.server_port += 1;
  config.ctrl_port += 1;
  if (httpd_start(&stream_httpd, &config) == ESP_OK) {
    httpd_register_uri_handler(stream_httpd, &stream_uri);
  }
}
void setup() {
  WRITE_PERI_REG(RTC_CNTL_BROWN_OUT_REG, 0); //disable brownout detector

  pinMode(SERVO_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(SERVO_PIN1,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Light_PIN,OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);

  Serial.setDebugOutput(false);
  
  camera_config_t config;
  config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
  config.ledc_timer = LEDC_TIMER_0;
  config.pin_d0 = Y2_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d1 = Y3_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d2 = Y4_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d3 = Y5_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d4 = Y6_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d5 = Y7_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d6 = Y8_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_d7 = Y9_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_xclk = XCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pclk = PCLK_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_vsync = VSYNC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_href = HREF_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_sda = SIOD_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_sscb_scl = SIOC_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
  config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
  config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;
  config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG; 
  
  if(psramFound()){
    config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_VGA;
    config.jpeg_quality = 10;
    config.fb_count = 2;
  } else {
    config.frame_size = FRAMESIZE_SVGA;
    config.jpeg_quality = 12;
    config.fb_count = 1;
  }
  
  // Camera init
  esp_err_t err = esp_camera_init(&config);
  if (err != ESP_OK) {
    Serial.printf("Camera init failed with error 0x%x", err);
    return;
  }
  // Wi-Fi connection
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  
  Serial.print("Camera Stream Ready! Go to: http://");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  
  // Start streaming web server
  startCameraServer();
}
void loop() {
  
}

通过修改以下代码可以在显示网页上添加一些按键,对摄像头和云台进行远程控制:

25fe52b860a8315a4cc9b378711cad3b.png

下面部分是网页发送数据,ESP接收处理部分,自己可扩展额外功能

145efef9e4020e03c0452fdfb4ad7994.png

以下是通过嘉立创EDA画的ESP32CAM和两个舵机的集成PCB,以及预留了蓝牙模块的接口,方便观察ESP32是否与WiFi正常连接:

百度网盘链接如下:

链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1b6igucbEByr2F1y0dYJURw?pwd=1lok 
提取码:1lok

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